Volatile Organic Chemical Emissions from Structural Insulated Panel (SIP) Materials and Implications for Indoor Air Quality

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 30 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Volatile Organic Chemical Emissions from Structural Insulated Panel (SIP) Materials and Implications for Indoor Air Quality by :

Download or read book Volatile Organic Chemical Emissions from Structural Insulated Panel (SIP) Materials and Implications for Indoor Air Quality written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from structural insulated panel (SIP) materials were investigated. Specimens of newly produced SIPs and associated panel adhesives were obtained from two relatively large manufacturers. Additionally, specimens of the oriented strand board (OSB) used as the inner and outer sheathing and the extruded polystyrene core for the SIP were obtained from one manufacturer. Using small-scale chambers, emissions of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetic acid and other VOCs from SIPs, OSB and polystyrene were measured over a period of four months and from the adhesives over two months. SIP specimens overlaid by gypsum board panels were also tested over four months. The predominant VOCs emitted by the SIPs included acetic acid, pentanal, hexanal and styrene. The emissions of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were relatively low. Acetic acid and the aldehydes derived from the OSB, while styrene derived from the polystyrene. One of the SIPs emitted toluene and methyl acetate. The adhesives primarily emitted a mixture of hydrocarbons. The emission rates of most VOCs from the SIP/gypsum board assemblies were approximately the same or higher than their respective emission rates from the unfinished SIPs. Modeling using VOC emission factors obtained for the SIP/gypsum board assemblies demonstrated the potential for SIP materials to degrade indoor air quality in houses. A field study to investigate VOC concentrations and emission rates in SIP houses relative to closely matched conventionally constructed houses is necessary to determine the actual impacts of SIPs. If significant impacts are observed, to it may be desirable to develop control measures to reduce the emissions of VOCs from SIPs, such as the substitution of lower emitting materials or the use of vapor diffusion barriers.

Characterizing Sources of Indoor Air Pollution and Related Sink Effects

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Publisher : ASTM International
ISBN 13 : 0803120303
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Characterizing Sources of Indoor Air Pollution and Related Sink Effects by : Bruce A. Tichenor

Download or read book Characterizing Sources of Indoor Air Pollution and Related Sink Effects written by Bruce A. Tichenor and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1996 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on presentations at a 1994 Symposium, these detailed papers review source/sink characterization; design, construction, characterization, and operation of test chambers and facilities; testing protocols for determining emission factors and sink absorption/desorption rates; models for predicting

Evaluation of VOC Emissions from Building Products

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789282803844
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluation of VOC Emissions from Building Products by :

Download or read book Evaluation of VOC Emissions from Building Products written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Study of Building Material Emissions and Indoor Air Quality

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (446 download)

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Book Synopsis Study of Building Material Emissions and Indoor Air Quality by : Xudong Yang

Download or read book Study of Building Material Emissions and Indoor Air Quality written by Xudong Yang and published by . This book was released on 1999* with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building materials and furnishings emit a wide variety of indoor pollutants, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs). At present, no accurate models are available to characterize material emissions and sorption under realistic indoor conditions. The objective of this thesis is to fill that gap. Using the emission data measured in small-scale and full-scale environmental chambers, this investigation has developed a numerical model for simulating emissions of "wet" materials applied to porous substrates. This model considers VOC mass transfer processes in the air, material-air interface, material film, and the substrate. The model can predict "wet" material emissions under different environmental conditions (i.e., temperature, velocity, turbulence, and VOC concentration in the air) with reasonable accuracy. We developed two models for simulating VOC emissions from dry materials. One is a numerical model for short-term predictions, the other is an analytical model for long-term predictions. The models have been successfully used to examine the VOC emissions from two particleboard samples and a polypropene Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR) carpet. A VOC sorption model has also been developed to analytically solve the VOC sorption rate as a function of air-phase concentrations. The model has been validated using an analytical solution as well as data obtained from sorption experiments. The emission and sorption models that we developed have been further used to study indoor air quality (IAQ) in a small office with different ventilation systems. The results show that displacement ventilation may not provide better IAQ than mixing systems if the VOC sources are from the floor. Further, our study shows sink effects from internal walls of gypsum board.

Identification and Quantification of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Buildings and Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Systems

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Identification and Quantification of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Buildings and Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Systems by : Chiung-Yu Peng

Download or read book Identification and Quantification of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Buildings and Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Systems written by Chiung-Yu Peng and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Volatile Organic Compounds

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 73 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (641 download)

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Book Synopsis Volatile Organic Compounds by : Peder Wolkoff

Download or read book Volatile Organic Compounds written by Peder Wolkoff and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Modeling of Volatile Organic Compounds Emissions and Sinks from Building Materials

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling of Volatile Organic Compounds Emissions and Sinks from Building Materials by : Hongyu Huang

Download or read book Modeling of Volatile Organic Compounds Emissions and Sinks from Building Materials written by Hongyu Huang and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) emitted from building materials have been recognized as major problems affecting human comfort, health and productivity. Building materials not only are main VOC sources but also are main VOC sinks in buildings. Therefore, accurate modeling of building material VOC emissions and sinks is important for predicting contaminant concentrations, occupant exposures and design of mechanical ventilation systems. This thesis describes three new modeling approaches to predict building material VOC emissions and sinks. First, a numerical and an analytical VOC emission model have been developed to predict VOC emission rates of a single-layer dry building material and VOC concentrations in a well-mixed room. Second, an integrated IAQ model has been developed to predict VOC emission rates of a multi-layer material, VOC sink rates of a material, VOC concentrations in a well mixed room with both VOC source and sink materials. Third, a zonal model has been integrated with air jet and material VOC emission/sink models to predict the transient VOC distribution in a ventilated room. In addition, a systematic parametric study has been carried out to study the impacts of model input parameters and their interactions on VOC emissions from building materials. These three models have been validated with available experimental results and/or CFD simulation results. The comparisons with the experimental results and the predictions of the CFD models indicate that there are generally good agreements between the proposed model predictions, the experimental results and the CFD results. Moreover, these three models have been applied to analyze building material VOC emission/sink behaviors and to examine ventilation system efficiency. Results show that the developed models can provide useful information for building owners or designers in selecting proper building materials, designing efficient ventilation systems and assessing indoor air quality.

An Experimental Investigation on the Indoor Environmental Conditions on Diffusion Coefficient of VOCs in Building Materials

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis An Experimental Investigation on the Indoor Environmental Conditions on Diffusion Coefficient of VOCs in Building Materials by : Yashar Farajollahi

Download or read book An Experimental Investigation on the Indoor Environmental Conditions on Diffusion Coefficient of VOCs in Building Materials written by Yashar Farajollahi and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the energy crisis in 1973, efforts were made to design constructions more airtight to be energy efficient. Since then, sick building syndrome (SBS) has been reported more often as a result of poor indoor air quality (IAQ). Among the proposed strategies to improve IAQ, source control is determined to be the most effective approach. Because of their large surface areas permanently exposed to the indoor environment, building materials are suspected of playing an important role in determining IAQ. Source-specific control, however, requires adequate knowledge about the extent of volatile organic compounds (VOC) emissions of materials so that in decision-making stages, only products with lower emission rates will be chosen and installed. Hence, knowing the characteristics of building materials (diffusion and partition coefficients) is necessary. Moreover, these data are needed as input parameters for VOC emission simulations, which presently suffer from the lack of a database of emission characteristics of materials. Therefore, this study has characterize building materials by measuring their diffusion coefficients (D) in different environmental conditions. Based on the twin-chamber method, an experimental set-up was developed to determine the D of five VOCs (octane, isopropanol, cyclo hexane, ethyl acetate, and hexane) for ceiling tile as the building material. By using Fick's law, D was calculated and linked to physicochemical properties of VOCs. The method used also allowed us to investigate the influence of temperature, humidity, and the mixture of VOCs on D. Based on obtained results, a systematic parametric study was conducted to quantify the importance of investigated factors. It was found that among different physicochemical properties, the D is positively related to vapor pressure. Additionally, no significant difference was observed between the D of a single VOC and that of a mixture of VOCs. Also, it was observed that temperature and humidity (in the range of a typical indoor environment) had a minor effect on the measured D.

Emissions of Volatile Organic Pollutants from Building Materials

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 594 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (223 download)

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Book Synopsis Emissions of Volatile Organic Pollutants from Building Materials by : Stephen K. Brown

Download or read book Emissions of Volatile Organic Pollutants from Building Materials written by Stephen K. Brown and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Building Materials Identified as Major Sources for Indoor Air Pollutants

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Building Materials Identified as Major Sources for Indoor Air Pollutants by : Hans Gustafsson

Download or read book Building Materials Identified as Major Sources for Indoor Air Pollutants written by Hans Gustafsson and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Method Development for Measuring Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Emission Rates from Spray Foam Insulation (SPF) and Their Interrelationship with Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), Human Health and Ventilation Strategies

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Method Development for Measuring Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Emission Rates from Spray Foam Insulation (SPF) and Their Interrelationship with Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), Human Health and Ventilation Strategies by : Dzhordzhio Naldzhiev

Download or read book Method Development for Measuring Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Emission Rates from Spray Foam Insulation (SPF) and Their Interrelationship with Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), Human Health and Ventilation Strategies written by Dzhordzhio Naldzhiev and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Measurement of Diffusion and Partition Coefficients of VOCs in Dry Building Materials

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Measurement of Diffusion and Partition Coefficients of VOCs in Dry Building Materials by : Zhong-Hong Zhang

Download or read book Measurement of Diffusion and Partition Coefficients of VOCs in Dry Building Materials written by Zhong-Hong Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building materials, as a source of contaminant, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and a sink of those pollutants, can significantly affect indoor air quality (IAQ). Physical models have been developed to predict volatile organic compound emissions from building materials. These results are helpful in adopting strategies to control the pollutant source. Therefore, experimental methods have been established for measuring input parameters to these models, such as diffusion coefficient (D), partition coefficients (K). However, currently available data of diffusion and partition coefficients are limited. Moreover, the effects caused by the physicochemical properties of VOC are not completely observed. Hence, it is requisite that a comprehensive investigation on the relationship between diffusion and partition coefficients, and the physicochemical properties of VOC be conducted. The twin chamber method was chosen in this research. The effects caused by physicochemical properties of VOC, such as molecular weight, vapor pressure, boiling point, and polarity, were investigated.

Volatile Organic Compounds in New Homes

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780660325569
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (255 download)

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Book Synopsis Volatile Organic Compounds in New Homes by :

Download or read book Volatile Organic Compounds in New Homes written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Air Oxidation Processes in Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Air Oxidation Processes in Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry by :

Download or read book Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Air Oxidation Processes in Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Volatile Organic Compounds in New Homes

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780660316048
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Volatile Organic Compounds in New Homes by :

Download or read book Volatile Organic Compounds in New Homes written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Theoretical Study on VOC Source and Sink Behavior of Porous Building Materials

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis A Theoretical Study on VOC Source and Sink Behavior of Porous Building Materials by : Chang-Seo Lee

Download or read book A Theoretical Study on VOC Source and Sink Behavior of Porous Building Materials written by Chang-Seo Lee and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The indoor air quality (IAQ) of a building can be significantly affected by the building materials. Porous building materials are not only sources of indoor air pollutants such as volatile organic compounds (VOC) but also strong sinks of those pollutants. The knowledge of VOC transfer mechanisms in these materials is an important step for controlling the indoor VOC concentration levels, and for determining the optimum ventilation requirements for acceptable IAQ. This study has investigated theoretically VOC source and sink behavior of porous building materials. A novel analytical model was developed based on the fundamental theories of mass transfer mechanisms in porous materials. The proposed model considers both primary and secondary source/sink behavior for the first time. The former refers to the transfer of gas-phase and/or physically adsorbed VOC, while the latter is generation or elimination of VOC within the solid due to chemical reactions like oxidation, hydrolysis, chemical adsorption, etc. The proposed model was assessed with experimental data, namely emission tests of carpets and sorption tests of wood chipboard. It was demonstrated that the proposed analytical model could simultaneously account for the effect of air velocity on both VOC source and sink behavior unlike the existing analytical models. A parametric study was carried out to investigate the effects of air velocity and material properties including diffusion coefficient, sorption partition coefficient, porosity, thickness and length on the primary VOC source/sink behavior, and these effects were quantified. Due to the lack of knowledge on the secondary source/sink behavior, five hypothetical cases were considered, and the model predictions agree with experimental findings on the secondary emissions available in the literature. The validity of four main assumptions imposed on the developed analytical model, was investigated through the development of numerical conjugate mass transfer models. The considered assumptions are (1) constant VOC concentration at the solid-fluid interface along the solid plate length; (2) quasi-steady convection mass transfer in fluid; (3) one-dimensional diffusion in solid; and (4) Henry (linear) sorption isotherm. The limits of the proposed analytical model due to each of the mentioned assumptions were clearly defined hence providing a range for the validity of the novel analytical model.

In-home Formation of Halogenated Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCS)

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (568 download)

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Book Synopsis In-home Formation of Halogenated Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCS) by : David Alan Olson

Download or read book In-home Formation of Halogenated Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCS) written by David Alan Olson and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: