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Virtual Long Baseline Vlbl Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Navigation Using A Single Transponder
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Book Synopsis Virtual Long Baseline (VLBL) Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Navigation Using a Single Transponder by : Cara Elizabeth Grupe LaPointe
Download or read book Virtual Long Baseline (VLBL) Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Navigation Using a Single Transponder written by Cara Elizabeth Grupe LaPointe and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acoustic long baseline (LBL) navigation systems are often used for precision underwater vehicle navigation. LBL systems triangulate the position of the vehicle by calculating the range between the vehicle and multiple transponders with known locations. A typical LBL system incorporates between two and twelve acoustic transponders. The vehicle interrogates the beacons acoustically, calculates the range to each beacon based on the roundtrip travel time of the signal, and uses the range data from two or more of the acoustic transponders at any point in time to determine its position. However, for accurate underwater navigation, the location of each deployed transponder in the array must be precisely surveyed prior to conducting autonomous vehicle operations. Surveying the location of the transponders is a costly and time-consuming process, especially in cases where underwater vehicles are used in mapping operations covering a number of different locations in succession. During these extended mapping operations, the transponders need to be deployed, surveyed, and retrieved in each location, adding significant time and, consequently, significant cost to any operation.
Book Synopsis Sequential, Long Baseline Navigation for REMUS, An Autonomous Underwater Vehicle by :
Download or read book Sequential, Long Baseline Navigation for REMUS, An Autonomous Underwater Vehicle written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many of the problems of operating an AUV (autonomous underwater vehicle) can be reduced to one of navigation: How accurately do you know where you are? Navigational precision determines the ability to follow truck lines, the ability to map a target to world coordinates, and ultimately, even determines the areas where you ore willing to operate the vehicle. This paper presents the technique used for long baseline acoustic navigation by REMUS (Remote Environmental Measuring Units), a low cost AUV developed by the Oceanographic Systems Laboratory (OSL) of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Adopting the traditional long base line approach to this vehicle presents a complex problem because it must be low power, low cost and small in size, and in addition must work in a shallow water environment. The REMUS system uses a single data acquisition system and DSP to interrogate and receive multiple transponders in a sequential manner. It uses spread spectrum technology which reduces the impact of multi-path in the shallow water environment. A moored pair of acoustic transponders whose coordinates are determined using differential or P-code GPS allow the vehicle to navigate in world coordinates. The DSP minimizes the hardware requirements, thus lowering the associated hardware cost, size, and complexity. This paper describes the techniques used and provides results of this system using frequencies in the 20-30 khz band, giving a range of up to 1500 meters in water 4 meters deep, and also 10-15 khz band, giving a range of up to 7000 meters in waters 14 meters deep.
Book Synopsis Cooperative Localization and Navigation by : Chao Gao
Download or read book Cooperative Localization and Navigation written by Chao Gao and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-08-21 with total page 731 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book captures the latest results and techniques for cooperative localization and navigation drawn from a broad array of disciplines. It provides the reader with a generic and comprehensive view of modeling, strategies, and state estimation methodologies in that fields. It discusses the most recent research and novel advances in that direction, exploring the design of algorithms and architectures, benefits, and challenging aspects, as well as a potential broad array of disciplines, including wireless communication, indoor localization, robotics, emergency rescue, motion analysis, etc.
Book Synopsis Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Navigation Relative to a Moving Target Ship Using Moving Long Baseline Navigation by : Amanda J. Folk
Download or read book Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Navigation Relative to a Moving Target Ship Using Moving Long Baseline Navigation written by Amanda J. Folk and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A New Procedure for Simultaneous Navigation of Multiple AUV's by :
Download or read book A New Procedure for Simultaneous Navigation of Multiple AUV's written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Navigation by Underwater Autonomous Vehicles (AUVs) is a challenging problem because radio waves do not penetrate water, and acoustic waves must be used instead for determination of position. Current systems utilize round-trip time-of-flight between single vehicles and fixed transponders to determine position. While reliable, the drawback of this method is that there is an upper limit on the number of vehicles that can navigate at the same time. We describe a new procedure that allows simultaneous navigation of multiple vehicles using the acoustic navigation signals from only one vehicle in the group. One vehicle in the group is assigned to navigate conventionally with an acoustic Long BaseLine (LBL) system. The other vehicles in the group are equipped with a sensor that can determine the relative angular heading to the source of an intercepted acoustic signal, and a separate sensor that can determine angular inertial heading. As the chosen vehicle navigates conventionally, the other vehicles in the group intercept the return pings from the fixed transponders. From these signals, and the inertial heading, each vehicle is able to determine their inertial position. The sensor used to determine relative angular heading to the source of an intercepted signal consists of two hydrophones separated by an approximate distance of one meter. Relative angular heading is extracted from the difference-in-arrival time using correlation between the hydrophone signals. An error propagation analysis is performed that quantifies the accuracy of the inertial position fix as it depends upon vehicle-transponder geometry, and sensor precision. Experiments, designed to determine the accuracy of the navigation technique to compare with error-propagation analysis, and to explore its performance when implemented in formation-flying cooperative behavior, are described.
Book Synopsis Single Transponder Range Only Navigation Geometry (STRONG) Applied to REMUS Autonomous Under Water Vehicles by : Jasper Carl Hartsfield
Download or read book Single Transponder Range Only Navigation Geometry (STRONG) Applied to REMUS Autonomous Under Water Vehicles written by Jasper Carl Hartsfield and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed study was conducted to prove the concept of an iterative approach to single transponder navigation for REMUS Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs). Although the concept of navigation with one acoustic beacon is not new, the objective was to develop a computer algorithm that could eventually be integrated into the REMUS architecture. This approach uses a least squares fit routine coupled with restrictive geometry and simulated annealing vice Kalman filtering and state vectors. In addition, to provide maximum flexibility, the single transponder was located on a GPS equipped surface ship that was free to move instead of the more common single bottom mounted beacon. Using only a series of spread spectrum ranges logged with time stamp, REMUS standard vehicle data, and reasonable initial conditions, the position at a later time was derived with a figure of merit fit score. Initial investigation was conducted using a noise model developed to simulate the errors suspected with the REMUS sensor suite. Results of this effort were applied to a small at sea test in 3,300 meters with the REMUS 6000 deep water AUV. A more detailed test was executed in Buzzard's Bay, Massachusetts, in 20 meters of water with a REMUS 100 AUV focusing on navigation in a typical search box. While deep water data was too sparse to reveal conclusive results, the Buzzard's Bay work strongly supports the premise that an iterative algorithm can reliably integrate REMUS logged data and an accurate time sequence of ranges to provide position fixes through simple least squares fitting. Ten navigational legs up to1500 meters in length showed that over 90% of radial position error can be removed from an AUV's position estimate using the STRONG algorithm vice dead reckon navigation with a magnetic compass and Doppler Velocity Log alone (DVL).
Book Synopsis Development and Testing of Navigation Algorithms for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles by : Francesco Fanelli
Download or read book Development and Testing of Navigation Algorithms for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles written by Francesco Fanelli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-16 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on pose estimation algorithms for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs). After introducing readers to the state of the art, it describes a joint endeavor involving attitude and position estimation, and details the development of a nonlinear attitude observer that employs inertial and magnetic field data and is suitable for underwater use. In turn, it shows how the estimated attitude constitutes an essential type of input for UKF-based position estimators that combine position, depth, and velocity measurements. The book discusses the possibility of including real-time estimates of sea currents in the developed estimators, and highlights simulations that combine real-world navigation data and experimental test campaigns to evaluate the performance of the resulting solutions. In addition to proposing novel algorithms for estimating the attitudes and positions of AUVs using low-cost sensors and taking into account magnetic disturbances and ocean currents, the book provides readers with extensive information and a source of inspiration for the further development and testing of navigation algorithms for AUVs.
Book Synopsis Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Navigation by :
Download or read book Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Navigation written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the vehicle navigation problem for an autonomous underwater vehicle with six degrees of freedom. We approach this problem using an error state formulation of the Kalman filter. Integration of the vehicle's high-rate inertial measurement unit's accelerometers and gyros allow time propagation while other sensors provide measurement corrections. The low-rate aiding sensors include a Doppler velocity log, an acoustic long baseline system that provides round-trip travel times from known locations, a pressure sensor for aiding depth, and an attitude sensor. Measurements correct the filter independently as they arrive, and as such, the filter is not dependent on the arrival of any particular measurement. The navigation system can estimate critical bias parameters that improve performance. The result is a robust navigation system. Simulation and experimental results are provided.
Book Synopsis Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Navigation and Mapping in Dynamic, Unstructured Environments by : Clayton Gregory Kunz
Download or read book Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Navigation and Mapping in Dynamic, Unstructured Environments written by Clayton Gregory Kunz and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents a system for automatically building 3-D optical and bathymetric maps of underwater terrain using autonomous robots. The maps that are built improve the state of the art in resolution by an order of magnitude, while fusing bathymetric information from acoustic ranging sensors with visual texture captured by cameras. As part of the mapping process, several internal relationships between sensors are automatically calibrated, including the roll and pitch offsets of the velocity sensor, the attitude offset of the multibeam acoustic ranging sensor, and the full six-degree of freedom offset of the camera. The system uses pose graph optimization to simultaneously solve for the robot's trajectory, the map, and the camera location in the robot's frame, and takes into account the case where the terrain being mapped is drifting and rotating by estimating the orientation of the terrain at each time step in the robot's trajectory. Relative pose constraints are introduced into the pose graph based on multibeam submap matching using depth image correlation, while landmark-based constraints are used in the graph where visual features are available. The two types of constraints work in concert in a single optimization, fusing information from both types of mapping sensors and yielding a texture-mapped 3-D mesh for visualization. The optimization framework also allows for the straightforward introduction of constraints provided by the particular suite of sensors available, so that the navigation and mapping system presented works under a variety of deployment scenarios, including the potential incorporation of external localization systems such as long-baseline acoustic networks. Results of using the system to map the draft of rotating Antarctic ice floes are presented, as are results fusing optical and range data of a coral reef.
Book Synopsis Technology and Applications of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles by : Gwyn Griffiths
Download or read book Technology and Applications of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles written by Gwyn Griffiths and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-11-28 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oceans are a hostile environment, and gathering information on deep-sea life and the seabed is incredibly difficult. Autonomous underwater vehicles are robot submarines that are revolutionizing the way in which researchers and industry obtain data. Advances in technology have resulted in capable vehicles that have made new discoveries on how th
Book Synopsis Absolute Positioning of an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Using GPS and Coustic Measurements by : Neil Harvey Kussat
Download or read book Absolute Positioning of an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Using GPS and Coustic Measurements written by Neil Harvey Kussat and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Parallel Hypothesis Method of Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Navigation by : Cara Elizabeth Grupe LaPointe
Download or read book A Parallel Hypothesis Method of Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Navigation written by Cara Elizabeth Grupe LaPointe and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (cont.) For the proof of concept, this research uses ranges from a single external acoustic transponder in the hypothesis generation process and grids of low-resolution bathymetric data from a ship-based multibeam sonar in the arbitration process. The major contributions of this research include the in-situ identification of acoustic multipath time-of-flight measurements, the multiscale utilization of a priori low resolution bathymetric data in a high-resolution navigation algorithm, and the design of a navigation algorithm with a flexible architecture. This flexible architecture allows the incorporation of multimodal beliefs without requiring a complex mechanism for real-time hypothesis generation and culling, and it allows the real-time incorporation of multiple types of external information as they become available in situ into the overall navigation solution.
Book Synopsis Autonomous Underwater Vehicles by : Jing Yan
Download or read book Autonomous Underwater Vehicles written by Jing Yan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-01 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are emerging as a promising solution to help us explore and understand the ocean. The global market for AUVs is predicted to grow from 638 million dollars in 2020 to 1,638 million dollars by 2025 – a compound annual growth rate of 20.8 percent. To make AUVs suitable for a wider range of application-specific missions, it is necessary to deploy multiple AUVs to cooperatively perform the localization, tracking and formation tasks. However, weak underwater acoustic communication and the model uncertainty of AUVs make achieving this challenging. This book presents cutting-edge results regarding localization, tracking and formation for AUVs, highlighting the latest research on commonly encountered AUV systems. It also showcases several joint localization and tracking solutions for AUVs. Lastly, it discusses future research directions and provides guidance on the design of future localization, tracking and formation schemes for AUVs. Representing a substantial contribution to nonlinear system theory, robotic control theory, and underwater acoustic communication system, this book will appeal to university researchers, scientists, engineers, and graduate students in control theory and control engineering who wish to learn about the core principles, methods, algorithms, and applications of AUVs. Moreover, the practical localization, tracking and formation schemes presented provide guidance on exploring the ocean. The book is intended for those with an understanding of nonlinear system theory, robotic control theory, and underwater acoustic communication systems.
Book Synopsis Navigation and Target Localization Performance of the AUV Remote Environmental Measuring UnitS by : Christopher John Cassidy
Download or read book Navigation and Target Localization Performance of the AUV Remote Environmental Measuring UnitS written by Christopher John Cassidy and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hybrid Baseline Localization for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles by : Bryce T. Gill
Download or read book Hybrid Baseline Localization for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles written by Bryce T. Gill and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HBL navigation is designed as a hybrid application of independent floating transponders and moving short baseline navigation, in which acoustic ranging transponders are mounted on a moving source vessel. The AUV utilizes an extended Kalman filter (EKF) to estimate its own position, and two additional EKFs to estimate the positions of the objective ship and a nearby floating buoy. Using synchronous timing, the AUV communicates acoustically with the two surface vehicles. These communications provide the AUV with state measurements of the surface vehicles and acoustic range measurements of its own position.
Book Synopsis Designing an Ultrashort Baseline Navigation System for an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle by : David Joel Chen
Download or read book Designing an Ultrashort Baseline Navigation System for an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle written by David Joel Chen and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Control Systems Architecture, Navigation, and Communication Research Using the NPS Phoenix Underwater Vehicle by :
Download or read book Control Systems Architecture, Navigation, and Communication Research Using the NPS Phoenix Underwater Vehicle written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While there has always been a need to determine the global position of an underwater vehicle, in some missions involving search, mapping, and intervention with objects, navigation to local area landmarks is more appropriate and precise. All aspects of autonomous search have been of interest to us for some time now, and we have recently developed and extended our robot control system architecture using Prolog as a rule based mission specification language to drive vehicle missions involving motion around targets of interest. In particular, we have studied the use of onboard scanning sonar to perform local area navigation. Additionally, we have installed a new low cost short / long baseline acoustic communications / navigation system called DiveTracker, and are developing filtering software that would combine inputs from several sources having different update rates and levels of precision to produce high update rate navigational information with the precision afforded by the low update rate reference. Also, the DiveTracker system affords a low cost acoustic communications system that can be used for low rate message sending and retrieval from autonomous vehicles.
