Victorian Scientific Naturalism

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Victorian Scientific Naturalism

Author : Gowan Dawson
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022610964X
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis Victorian Scientific Naturalism by : Gowan Dawson

Download or read book Victorian Scientific Naturalism written by Gowan Dawson and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2014-04-28 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Victorian Scientific Naturalism examines the secular creeds of the generation of intellectuals who, in the wake of The Origin of Species, wrested cultural authority from the old Anglican establishment while installing themselves as a new professional scientific elite. These scientific naturalists—led by biologists, physicists, and mathematicians such as William Kingdon Clifford, Joseph Dalton Hooker, Thomas Henry Huxley, and John Tyndall—sought to persuade both the state and the public that scientists, not theologians, should be granted cultural authority, since their expertise gave them special insight into society, politics, and even ethics. In Victorian Scientific Naturalism, Gowan Dawson and Bernard Lightman bring together new essays by leading historians of science and literary critics that recall these scientific naturalists, in light of recent scholarship that has tended to sideline them, and that reevaluate their place in the broader landscape of nineteenth-century Britain. Ranging in topic from daring climbing expeditions in the Alps to the maintenance of aristocratic protocols of conduct at Kew Gardens, these essays offer a series of new perspectives on Victorian scientific naturalism—as well as its subsequent incarnations in the early twentieth century—that together provide an innovative understanding of the movement centering on the issues of community, identity, and continuity.

Between Science and Religion

Author : Frank Miller Turner
Publisher : New Haven : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780300016789
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (167 download)

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Book Synopsis Between Science and Religion by : Frank Miller Turner

Download or read book Between Science and Religion written by Frank Miller Turner and published by New Haven : Yale University Press. This book was released on 1974-01-01 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Age of Scientific Naturalism

Author : Bernard Lightman
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN 13 : 0822981645
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (229 download)

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Book Synopsis The Age of Scientific Naturalism by : Bernard Lightman

Download or read book The Age of Scientific Naturalism written by Bernard Lightman and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 2016-02-19 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physicist John Tyndall and his contemporaries were at the forefront of developing the cosmology of scientific naturalism during the Victorian period. They rejected all but physical laws as having any impact on the operations of human life and the universe. Contributors focus on the way Tyndall and his correspondents developed their ideas through letters, periodicals and scientific journals and challenge previously held assumptions about who gained authority, and how they attained and defended their position within the scientific community.

The Constitution of Man Considered in Relation to External Objects

Author : George Combe
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 476 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Constitution of Man Considered in Relation to External Objects by : George Combe

Download or read book The Constitution of Man Considered in Relation to External Objects written by George Combe and published by . This book was released on 1899 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Huxley's Church and Maxwell's Demon

Author : Matthew Stanley
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022616487X
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis Huxley's Church and Maxwell's Demon by : Matthew Stanley

Download or read book Huxley's Church and Maxwell's Demon written by Matthew Stanley and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2015 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the Victorian period science shifted from being practiced in a theistic context (integrating religious considerations and ideas) to a naturalistic context (explicitly forbidding religious matters). This book examines the foundations of that change. While it is generally thought that the transformation was due to the methodological superiority of naturalistic science, Matthew Stanley shows that most of the methodological values underlying scientific practice were virtually identical between the theists and the naturalists. Each agreed on the importance of the uniformity of natural laws, the use of hypothesis and theory, the moral value of science, and intellectual freedom. This was despite the claims by both groups that those fundamentals were intrinsic to their worldview, and completely incompatible with that of their opponents. Stanley goes on to argue that the victory of the scientific naturalists came from deliberate strategies executed over a generation to gain control of the institutions of scientific education and to re-imagine the history of their discipline. Rather than a sudden revolution, the similarity between theistic and naturalistic science allowed for a relatively smooth transition in practice from the old guard to the new. "Huxley's Church and Maxwell's Demon" explores this shift through a parallel study of two major scientific figures: James Clerk Maxwell, a devout Christian physicist, and Thomas Henry Huxley, the iconoclast biologist who coined the word agnostic. Both were deeply engaged in the methodological, institutional, and political issues that were crucial to the theistic-naturalistic transformation. The author s astute examination of the ascendance of scientific naturalism sheds new light on the controversies over science and religion in modern America. "

The X Club

Author : Ruth Barton
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022655175X
Total Pages : 617 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (265 download)

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Book Synopsis The X Club by : Ruth Barton

Download or read book The X Club written by Ruth Barton and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2018-11-21 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1864, amid headline-grabbing heresy trials, members of the British Association for the Advancement of Science were asked to sign a declaration affirming that science and scripture were in agreement. Many criticized the new test of orthodoxy; nine decided that collaborative action was required. The X Club tells their story. These six ambitious professionals and three wealthy amateurs—J. D. Hooker, T. H. Huxley, John Tyndall, John Lubbock, William Spottiswoode, Edward Frankland, George Busk, T. A. Hirst, and Herbert Spencer—wanted to guide the development of science and public opinion on issues where science impinged on daily life, religious belief, and politics. They formed a private dining club, which they named the X Club, to discuss and further their plans. As Ruth Barton shows, they had a clear objective: they wanted to promote “scientific habits of mind,” which they sought to do through lectures, journalism, and science education. They devoted enormous effort to the expansion of science education, with real, but mixed, success. For twenty years, the X Club was the most powerful network in Victorian science—the men succeeded each other in the presidency of the Royal Society for a dozen years. Barton’s group biography traces the roots of their success and the lasting effects of their championing of science against those who attempted to limit or control it, along the way shedding light on the social organization of science, the interactions of science and the state, and the places of science and scientific men in elite culture in the Victorian era.

Contesting Cultural Authority

Author : Frank M. Turner
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521372572
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (725 download)

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Book Synopsis Contesting Cultural Authority by : Frank M. Turner

Download or read book Contesting Cultural Authority written by Frank M. Turner and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993-04-08 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A volume of essays which constitutes a major overview of the Victorian intellectual enterprise.

Science Without God?

Author : Peter Harrison
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192571559
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Science Without God? by : Peter Harrison

Download or read book Science Without God? written by Peter Harrison and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-11-29 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can scientific explanation ever make reference to God or the supernatural? The present consensus is no; indeed, a naturalistic stance is usually taken to be a distinguishing feature of modern science. Some would go further still, maintaining that the success of scientific explanation actually provides compelling evidence that there are no supernatural entities, and that true science, from the very beginning, was opposed to religious thinking. Science without God? Rethinking the History of Scientific Naturalism shows that the history of Western science presents us with a more nuanced picture. Beginning with the naturalists of ancient Greece, and proceeding through the middle ages, the scientific revolution, and into the nineteenth century, the contributors examine past ideas about 'nature' and 'the supernatural'. Ranging over different scientific disciplines and historical periods, they show how past thinkers often relied upon theological ideas and presuppositions in their systematic investigations of the world. In addition to providing material that contributes to a history of 'nature' and naturalism, this collection challenges a number of widely held misconceptions about the history of scientific naturalism.

The "creed of Science" in Victorian England

Author : Roy M. MacLeod
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The "creed of Science" in Victorian England by : Roy M. MacLeod

Download or read book The "creed of Science" in Victorian England written by Roy M. MacLeod and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2000 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nineteenth century, which saw the triumph of the idea of progress and improvement, saw also the triumph of science as a political and cultural force. In England, as science and its methods claimed privilege and space, its language acquired the vocabulary of religion. The new 'creed' of science embraced what John Tyndall called the 'scientific movement'; it was, in the language of T.H. Huxley, a militant creed. The 'march' of invention, the discoveries of chemistry, and the wonders of steam and electricity culminated in a crusade against ignorance and unbelief. It was a creed that looked to its own apostolic succession from Copernicus, Galileo and the martyrs of the 'scientific revolution'. Yet, it was a creed whose doctrines were divisive, and whose convictions resisted. Alongside arguments for materialism, utility, positivism, and evolutionary naturalism, persisted reservations about the nature of man, the role of ethics, and the limits of scientific method. These essays discuss leading strategists in the scientific movement of late-Victorian England. At the same time, they show how 'science established' served not only the scientific community, but also the interests of imperial and colonial powers.

Moral Authority, Men of Science, and the Victorian Novel

Author : Anne DeWitt
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107036178
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Authority, Men of Science, and the Victorian Novel by : Anne DeWitt

Download or read book Moral Authority, Men of Science, and the Victorian Novel written by Anne DeWitt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anne DeWitt examines how Victorian novelists challenged the claims of men of science to align scientific practice with moral excellence.

The Major Prose of Thomas Henry Huxley

Author : Thomas Henry Huxley
Publisher : University of Georgia Press
ISBN 13 : 9780820318646
Total Pages : 398 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (186 download)

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Book Synopsis The Major Prose of Thomas Henry Huxley by : Thomas Henry Huxley

Download or read book The Major Prose of Thomas Henry Huxley written by Thomas Henry Huxley and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thomas Henry Huxley (1825-1895) was one of the intellectual giants of Victorian England. A surgeon by training, he became the principal exponent of Darwinism and popularizer of "scientific naturalism." Huxley was a prolific essayist, and his writings put him at the center of intellectual debate in England during the later half of the nineteenth century. The Major Prose of Thomas Henry Huxley fills a very real and pressing chasm in history of science books, bringing together almost all of Huxley's major nontechnical prose, including Man's Place in Nature and both "Evolution in Ethics" and its "Prolegomena."

Physics and Psychics

Author : Richard Noakes
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107188547
Total Pages : 421 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Physics and Psychics by : Richard Noakes

Download or read book Physics and Psychics written by Richard Noakes and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-17 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Noakes' revelatory analysis of Victorian scientists' fascination with psychic phenomena connects science, the occult and religion in intriguing new ways.

The Prayer-gauge Debate

Author : John Tyndall
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.L/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Prayer-gauge Debate by : John Tyndall

Download or read book The Prayer-gauge Debate written by John Tyndall and published by . This book was released on 1876 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Ideology and Evolution in Nineteenth Century Britain

Author : Evelleen Richards
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429883447
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (298 download)

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Book Synopsis Ideology and Evolution in Nineteenth Century Britain by : Evelleen Richards

Download or read book Ideology and Evolution in Nineteenth Century Britain written by Evelleen Richards and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-05-20 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written over several decades and collected together for the first time, these richly detailed contextual studies by a leading historian of science examine the diverse ways in which cultural values and political and professional considerations impinged upon the construction, acceptance and applications of nineteenth century evolutionary theory. They include a number of interrelated analyses of the highly politicised roles of embryos and monsters in pre- and post- Darwinian evolutionary theorizing, including Darwin’s; several studies of the intersection of Darwinian science and its practitioners with issues of gender, race and sexuality, featuring a pioneering contextual analysis of Darwin’s theory of sexual selection; and explorations of responses to Darwinian science by notable Victorian women intellectuals, including the crusading anti-feminist and ardent Darwinian, Eliza Lynn Linton, the feminist and leading anti-vivisectionist Frances Power Cobbe, and Annie Besant, the bible-bashing, birth-control advocate who confronted Darwin’s opposition to contraception at the notorious Knowlton Trial.

A Companion to the History of Science

Author : Bernard Lightman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119121140
Total Pages : 629 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis A Companion to the History of Science by : Bernard Lightman

Download or read book A Companion to the History of Science written by Bernard Lightman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-11-11 with total page 629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Wiley Blackwell Companion to the History of Science is a single volume companion that discusses the history of science as it is done today, providing a survey of the debates and issues that dominate current scholarly discussion, with contributions from leading international scholars. Provides a single-volume overview of current scholarship in the history of science edited by one of the leading figures in the field Features forty essays by leading international scholars providing an overview of the key debates and developments in the history of science Reflects the shift towards deeper historical contextualization within the field Helps communicate and integrate perspectives from the history of science with other areas of historical inquiry Includes discussion of non-Western themes which are integrated throughout the chapters Divided into four sections based on key analytic categories that reflect new approaches in the field

Evolutionary Naturalism

Author : Michael Ruse
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134877625
Total Pages : 275 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolutionary Naturalism by : Michael Ruse

Download or read book Evolutionary Naturalism written by Michael Ruse and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1995-02-02 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a collection of essays on the history and philosophy of evolutionary biology by the well-known Canadian scholar, Michael Ruse. Much has been written newly for the collection, as the author explores themes of evolutionary naturalism, putting the theory of knowledge and of moral behaviour on a philosophical basis informed by contemporary evolutionary biology. Divided into three parts, the first set of essays considers issues in the history of science - Darwin, population biology, and the new paleontological theory of `punctuated equilibria' - attempting to find a path between the crude objectivity espoused by many working scientists, and the rank relativism of post-modernist critiques of science. The second set of essays turns directly to the theory of knowledge (epistemology), arguing that the fact that we are evolved beings rather than objects of special creation, must and does inform our thinking about the external world. The third set of essays, the most controversial, turns to questions of morality, arguing that ethical systems are ultimately no more than collective illusions put in place by our biology, because humans are essentially social animals. Written in a clear and non-technical fashion, this collection carries forward debate on a number of controversial issues, showing that the time has now come to take philosophy from the hands of academic theorists and to embrace fully the findings and consequences of modern science.

The Science of Character

Author : S. Pearl Brilmyer
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226815781
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (268 download)

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Book Synopsis The Science of Character by : S. Pearl Brilmyer

Download or read book The Science of Character written by S. Pearl Brilmyer and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2022-01-11 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In 1843, the Victorian political theorist John Stuart Mill outlined a new science, "the science of the formation of character." Although Mill's proposal failed as scientific practice, S. Pearl Brilmyer shows that it survived in the work of Victorian novelists, who cultivated a narrative science of human nature. Brilmyer explores this characterological project in the work of such novelists as George Eliot, Thomas Hardy, and Olive Schreiner. Bringing to life Mill's unrealized dream of a science of character, Victorian realists used fiction to investigate the nature of embodied experience, how traits and behaviors in human and nonhuman organisms emerge and develop, and how aesthetic features-shapes, colors, and gestures-come to take on cultural meaning through certain categories, such as race and sex. In the hands of these authors, Brilmyer argues, literature became a science, not in the sense that its claims were falsifiable or even systematically articulated, but in its commitment to uncovering, through a fictional staging of realistic events, the universal laws governing human life. The Science of Character offers brilliant insights into important novels of the period, including Eliot's Middlemarch, and a fuller picture of English realism during the crucial span between 1870 and 1920"--