Vertical Evaporative Assembly And Double Replication Of Unary And Binary Silica Colloidal Crystal Films

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Vertical Evaporative Assembly and Double Replication of Unary and Binary Silica Colloidal Crystal Films

Author : Jennifer Russell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Vertical Evaporative Assembly and Double Replication of Unary and Binary Silica Colloidal Crystal Films by : Jennifer Russell

Download or read book Vertical Evaporative Assembly and Double Replication of Unary and Binary Silica Colloidal Crystal Films written by Jennifer Russell and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the field of nanomaterials expands, the pursuit of smaller dimensions necessitates the ability to both synthesize nanoscale building blocks and also control their spatial arrangements. In a size regime where dimensions and structure may dictate material properties, colloidal nanoparticles are versatile nanoscale building blocks with the ability to order into diverse periodic arrangements, called colloidal crystals. There have been tremendous advancements in the area of colloidal crystal fabrication over the past few decades, but new syntheses and assembly techniques continue to develop in order to unite scale and desired material structure. In this dissertation, I describe my work from three different projects: silica binary colloidal crystal assembly, the use of colloidal crystal films in template replication synthesis, and silica nanoparticle morphological changes during assembly. In Chapter 1, I introduce colloidal crystals and review synthetic methods for silica colloid synthesis and techniques for their assembly into colloidal crystals. I also discuss template replication synthesis and provide an overview of the projects detailed in the remaining chapters. I will discuss my first project in Chapter 2, in which the phase behavior of 36 nm and 22 nm silica binary colloidal crystal films was mapped over a range of compositions and temperatures in order to optimize AB2-type binary colloidal crystal film growth. While thermodynamic phase diagrams can serve as a guide in selecting binary systems based on size ratios and what phases are energetically favorable, they do not account for the intricacies of experimental non-equilibrium conditions. Therefore, this systematic experimental approach to determining growth conditions was employed. We found that low temperature (30-35C) film growth and a range of excess 22 nm silica produced the largest, most widespread AB2 domains in film samples. I present the phase mapping results and discuss the possible reasons for the deposition conditions-dependent phase behavior and how it might extend to future binary colloidal crystal film studies. In Chapter 3, I describe double replication of silica colloidal crystal films with the use of contracting polymers. I quantify the lattice contraction of several polymer inverse replicates of the silica colloidal crystal films through the extensive use of electron microscopy. I discuss lattice contraction as a function of colloidal template size and also polymer elastic moduli using AFM nanoindentation. It was discovered in this project that polymer inverse opal lattices re-expand upon filling with inorganic oxide sol gels. This finding negates the use of double replication for shrinking periodic structures with these contracting polymers; but the results are still interesting for double replication methodology and presented evidence of the role of surface energy in the polymer contraction/expansion process. Finally, I extended the method to double replication of binary colloidal crystal film templates of silica nanoparticles

Colloidal Silica Synthesis and Evaporative Assembly of Binary Nanocrystal Films

Author : Grace Noel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Colloidal Silica Synthesis and Evaporative Assembly of Binary Nanocrystal Films by : Grace Noel

Download or read book Colloidal Silica Synthesis and Evaporative Assembly of Binary Nanocrystal Films written by Grace Noel and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Binary crystal films of silica nanoparticles can be deposited using evaporative assembly. In this method, the energy of the system depends on the molecules interactions with each other, the thermodynamics of the system, as well as the kinetics of diffusion and evaporation-driven dispersion of the particles. While systems of single-sized particles have been studied and are generally understood, systems of particles of two different sizes introduce additional complexities. By changing the number ratio (ratio of the number of smaller particles to the number of the larger particles) and the evaporation rate, both the thermodynamics and kinetics of the experiment are altered and the resulting patterns change. Experiments have been conducted to form these films under different conditions in order to achieve repeatability in the crystalline patterns of the resulting films. Once the films are dried, the patterns are determined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging. The results indicate that the kinetics play an important role in this method as the patterns change with both temperature and number ratio. At a lower temperature, deposition occurs more slowly, resulting in ordered crystals. Depending on the number ratio, this order can be face-centered cubic (fcc) A, fcc B, or AB2. Using this information, a map was created to illustrate the trends of the different patterns influenced by deposition temperature and number ratio. Overall, the kinetics of the evaporative assembly method compete with the thermodynamics of the system to produce repeatable film patterns at specific temperatures and number ratios.

Nanoparticulate Materials

Author : Kathy Lu
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118408950
Total Pages : 379 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (184 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanoparticulate Materials by : Kathy Lu

Download or read book Nanoparticulate Materials written by Kathy Lu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-09-25 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Serving as the only systematic and comprehensive treatment on the topic of nanoparticle-based materials, this book covers synthesis, characterization, assembly, shaping and sintering of all types of nanoparticles including metals, ceramics, and semiconductors. A single-authored work, it is suitable as a graduate-level text in nanomaterials courses.

Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials 2019

Author : Bowen Li
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030057496
Total Pages : 804 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials 2019 by : Bowen Li

Download or read book Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials 2019 written by Bowen Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-13 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection gives broad and up-to-date results in the research and development of materials characterization and processing. Topics covered include characterization methods, ferrous materials, non-ferrous materials, minerals, ceramics, polymer and composites, powders, extraction, microstructure, mechanical behavior, processing, corrosion, welding, solidification, magnetic, electronic, environmental, nano-materials, and advanced materials The book explores scientific processes to characterize materials using modern technologies, and focuses on the interrelationships and interdependence among processing, structure, properties, and performance of materials.

Melanins and Melanogenesis

Author : Giuseppe Prota
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0323139396
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)

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Book Synopsis Melanins and Melanogenesis by : Giuseppe Prota

Download or read book Melanins and Melanogenesis written by Giuseppe Prota and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers all aspects of melanin pigmentation, providing a concise, comprehensive picture of new knowledge gained at the frontiers of research. It draws heavily on the author's 30-year activity in the field and his continuing work with specialists of widely diverse disciplines. The core of the volume deals with the structure, physicochemical properties, and biosynthesis of the major classes of melanin pigments, including neuromelanins. Further discussions include the biology of the various types of pigment-producing cells, the structure and mode of action of tyrosinase, and the chemistry of urinary melanogens and their biomedical applications as metabolic markers of melanocyte activity, especially for the follow-up of malignant melanoma. Finally, the volume considers progress in the photobiology and photochemistry of melanins, with special emphasis on the controversial role of these pigments in skin photoprotection. Melanins and Melanogenesis is ideally suited as a basic guide for newcomers, and a handy source of specific information for practitioners in academic, medical, and industrial settings.

Karst Management

Author : Philip E. van Beynen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400712073
Total Pages : 490 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Karst Management by : Philip E. van Beynen

Download or read book Karst Management written by Philip E. van Beynen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-21 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing specifically on the management of karst environments, this volume draws together the world’s leading karst experts to provide a vital source for the study and management of this unique physical setting. Although karst landscapes cover 12% of the Earth’s terrain and provide 25% of the world’s drinking water, the resource management of karst environments has only previously received indirect attention. Through a comprehensive approach, Karst Management focuses on engineering issues associated with surface karst such as quarries, dams, and agriculture, subsurface topics such as the management of groundwater, show caves, cave biota, and geo-archaeology projects. Chapters that focus on karst as an integrated system look at IUCN World Heritage sites, national parks, policy and regulation, measuring systematic disturbance, information management, and public environmental education. The text incorporates the most up-to-date research from leading karst scientists. This volume provides important perspectives for university students, educators, geoengineers, resource managers, and planners who are interested in or work with this unique physical landscape.

Ceramics Are More Than Clay Alone

Author : P. Bormans
Publisher : Cambridge International Science Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781898326779
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (267 download)

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Book Synopsis Ceramics Are More Than Clay Alone by : P. Bormans

Download or read book Ceramics Are More Than Clay Alone written by P. Bormans and published by Cambridge International Science Publishing. This book was released on 2003-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book deals with many aspects of ceramics from 25,000BC till today at a level for the interested lay person and students of secondary vocational schools. In addition, other sciences which are involved in ceramics are described to a level that is necessary to understand ceramics, for example chemistry, colloid chemistry, crystallography, etc. Ceramics are so placed in the middle of the 'spiders web' of natural sciences.

NASA Glenn Coefficients for Calculating Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Species

Author : Bonnie J. McBride
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)

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Book Synopsis NASA Glenn Coefficients for Calculating Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Species by : Bonnie J. McBride

Download or read book NASA Glenn Coefficients for Calculating Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Species written by Bonnie J. McBride and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Nucleation Theory

Author : V.I. Kalikmanov
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9048136431
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)

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Book Synopsis Nucleation Theory by : V.I. Kalikmanov

Download or read book Nucleation Theory written by V.I. Kalikmanov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-11-28 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most striking phenomena in condensed matter physics is the occurrence of abrupt transitions in the structure of a substance at certain temperatures or pressures. These are first order phase transitions, and examples such as the freezing of water are familiar in everyday life. The conditions at which the transformation takes place can sometimes vary. For example, the freezing point of water is not always 0°C, but the liquid can be supercooled considerably if it is pure enough and treated carefully. The reason for this phenomenon is nucleation. This monograph covers all major available routes of theoretical research of nucleation phenomena (phenomenological models, semi-phenomenological theories, density functional theories, microscopic and semi-microscopic approaches), with emphasis on the formation of liquid droplets from a metastable vapor. Also, it illustrates the application of these various approaches to experimentally relevant problems. In spite of the familiarity of the involved phenomena, it is still impossible to calculate nucleation accurately, as the properties and the kinetics of the daughter phase are insufficiently well known. Existing theories based upon classical nucleation theory have on the whole explained the trends in behavior correctly. However they often fail spectacularly to account for new data, in particular in the case of binary or, more generally, multi-component nucleation. The current challenge of this book is to go beyond such classical models and provide a more satisfactory theory by using density functional theory and microscopic computer simulations in order to describe the properties of small clusters. Also, semi-phenomenological models are proposed, which attempt to relate the properties of small clusters to known properties of the bulk phases. This monograph is an introduction as well as a compendium to researchers in soft condensed matter physics and chemical physics, graduate and post-graduate students in physics and chemistry starting on research in the area of nucleation, and to experimentalists wishing to gain a better understanding of the efforts being made to account for their data.

Emerging Trends in Mechanical Engineering

Author : L. Vijayaraghavan
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9813299312
Total Pages : 634 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (132 download)

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Book Synopsis Emerging Trends in Mechanical Engineering by : L. Vijayaraghavan

Download or read book Emerging Trends in Mechanical Engineering written by L. Vijayaraghavan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-11 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises select proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Mechanical Engineering (ICETME 2018). The book covers various topics of mechanical engineering like computational fluid dynamics, heat transfer, machine dynamics, tribology, and composite materials. In addition, relevant studies in the allied fields of manufacturing, industrial and production engineering are also covered. The applications of latest tools and techniques in the context of mechanical engineering problems are discussed in this book. The contents of this book will be useful for students, researchers as well as industry professionals.

Nitrate Esters Chemistry and Technology

Author : Jiping Liu
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811366470
Total Pages : 684 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Nitrate Esters Chemistry and Technology by : Jiping Liu

Download or read book Nitrate Esters Chemistry and Technology written by Jiping Liu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-06 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of this book is to present the up-to-date research results on Nitrate Esters as explosive materials. It covers many aspects including the material structures, nitrating agent, chemical synthesis devices, preparation technology, and applications etc. In particular, this work sheds light on the comprehensive utilization and thorough destruction of the used Nitrate Easters which is crucial for preventing repeated pollution. This is a highly informative and instructive book providing insight for the researchers working on nitrating theory, energetic materials and chemical equipments.

Gas Separation Membranes

Author : Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319010956
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Gas Separation Membranes by : Ahmad Fauzi Ismail

Download or read book Gas Separation Membranes written by Ahmad Fauzi Ismail and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-28 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the tremendous progress that has been made in the development of gas separation membranes based both on inorganic and polymeric materials. Materials discussed include polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs), metal organic frameworks (MOFs), carbon based materials, zeolites, as well as other materials, and mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) in which the above novel materials are incorporated. This broad survey of gas membranes covers material, theory, modeling, preparation, characterization (for example, by AFM, IR, XRD, ESR, Positron annihilation spectroscopy), tailoring of membranes, membrane module and system design, and applications. The book is concluded with some perspectives about the future direction of the field.

Advances in Air Conditioning and Refrigeration

Author : Maddali Ramgopal
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811563608
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Air Conditioning and Refrigeration by : Maddali Ramgopal

Download or read book Advances in Air Conditioning and Refrigeration written by Maddali Ramgopal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-10 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents selected peer-reviewed papers from the International Conference on Recent Advancements in Air Conditioning and Refrigeration (RAAR) 2019. The focus is on current research in a very topical area of HVAC technology, which has wide-ranging applications. The topics covered include modern air conditioning and refrigeration practices, environment-friendly refrigerants, high-performance components, computer-assisted design, manufacture, operations and data management, energy-efficient buildings, and application of solar energy to heating and air conditioning. This book is useful for researchers and industry professionals working in the field of heating, air conditioning and refrigeration.

Supercritical Fluids

Author : E. Kiran
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401139296
Total Pages : 602 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Supercritical Fluids by : E. Kiran

Download or read book Supercritical Fluids written by E. Kiran and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supercritical fluids are neither gas nor liquid, but can be compressed gradually from low to high density and they are therefore interesting and important as tunable solvents and reaction media in the chemical process industry. By adjusting the density the properties of these fluids can be customised and manipulated for a given process - physical or chemical transformation. Separation and processing using supercritical solvents such as CO2 are currently on-line commercially in the food, essential oils and polymer industries. Many agencies and industries are considering the use of supercritical water for waste remediation. Supercritical fluid chromatography represents another, major analytical application. Significant advances have recently been made in materials processing, ranging from particle formation to the creation of porous materials. The chapters in this book provide tutorial accounts of topical areas centred around: (1) phase equilibria, thermodynamics and equations of state; (2) critical behaviour, crossover effects; (3) transport and interfacial properties; (4) molecular modelling, computer simulation; (5) reactions, spectroscopy; (6) phase separation kinetics; (7) extractions; (8) applications to polymers, pharmaceuticals, natural materials and chromatography; (9) process scale-up.

Thorium—Energy for the Future

Author : A.K. Nayak
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811326584
Total Pages : 546 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Thorium—Energy for the Future by : A.K. Nayak

Download or read book Thorium—Energy for the Future written by A.K. Nayak and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-30 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises selected proceedings of the ThEC15 conference. The book presents research findings on various facets of thorium energy, including exploration and mining, thermo-physical and chemical properties of fuels, reactor physics, challenges in fuel fabrication, thorium fuel cycles, thermal hydraulics and safety, material challenges, irradiation experiences, and issues and challenges for the design of advanced thorium fueled reactors. Thorium is more abundant than uranium and has the potential to provide energy to the world for centuries if used in a closed fuel cycle. As such, technologies for using thorium for power generation in nuclear reactors are being developed worldwide. Since there is a strong global thrust towards designing nuclear reactors with thorium-based fuel, this book will be of particular interest to nuclear scientists, reactor designers, regulators, academics and policymakers.

Inorganic Materials Synthesis and Fabrication

Author : John N. Lalena
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470191562
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Inorganic Materials Synthesis and Fabrication by : John N. Lalena

Download or read book Inorganic Materials Synthesis and Fabrication written by John N. Lalena and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-01-09 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This up-to-date, single-source reference on the preparation of single-phase inorganic materials covers the most important methods and techniques in solid-state synthesis and materials fabrication. Presenting both fundamental background and advanced methodologies, it describes the principles of crystallography, thermodynamics, and kinetics required, addresses crystallographic and microstructural considerations, and describes various kinds of reactions. This is an excellent text for materials science and engineering, chemistry, and physics students, as well as a practical, hands-on reference for working professionals.

Combinatorial Materials Synthesis

Author : Xiao-Dong Xiang
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780824741198
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis Combinatorial Materials Synthesis by : Xiao-Dong Xiang

Download or read book Combinatorial Materials Synthesis written by Xiao-Dong Xiang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-08-19 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pioneered by the pharmaceutical industry and adapted for the purposes of materials science and engineering, the combinatorial method is now widely considered a watershed in the accelerated discovery, development, and optimization of new materials. Combinatorial Materials Synthesis reveals the gears behind combinatorial materials chemistry and thin-film technology, and discusses the prime techniques involved in synthesis and property determination for experimentation with a variety of materials. Funneling historic innovations into one source, the book explores core approaches to synthesis and rapid characterization techniques for work with combinatorial materials libraries.