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Validated Prediction Of Pressurant Gas Requirements In Cryogenic Run Tanks At Subcritical And Supercritical Pressures
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Book Synopsis Validated Prediction of Pressurant Gas Requirements in Cryogenic Run Tanks at Subcritical and Supercritical Pressures by : Laurence De Quay
Download or read book Validated Prediction of Pressurant Gas Requirements in Cryogenic Run Tanks at Subcritical and Supercritical Pressures written by Laurence De Quay and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development, testing, and use of liquid propellant and hybrid rocket propulsion systems for spacecraft and their launch vehicles routinely involves the use of cryogenic propellants. These propellants provide high energy densities that enable high propulsive efficiency and high engine thrust to vehicle weight ratios. However, use of cryogenic propellants also introduces technical problems not associated with other types of propellants. One of the major technical problems is the phenomenon of propellant tank pressurant and ullage gas collapse. This collapse is mainly caused by heat transfer from most of the ullage gas to tank walls and interfacing propellant, which are both at temperatures well below those of this gas. Pressurant gas is supplied into cryogenic propellant tanks in order to initially pressurize these tanks and then to maintain required pressures as propellant is expelled from these tanks. The cryogenic propellants expelled from the tanks feed rocket engine assemblies, subassemblies, and components at required interface pressures and mass flow rates. The net effect of pressurant and ullage gas collapse is increased total mass and mass flow rate requirements of pressurant gases. For flight vehicles this leads to significant and undesirable weight penalties. For rocket engine component and subassembly ground test facilities this results in high construction and operational cost impacts. Accurate predictions of pressurant gas mass transfer and flow rate requirements are essential to the proper design of systems used to supply these gases to cryogenic propellant tanks. While much work has been done in the past for predicting these gas requirements at low subcritical tank pressures, very little has been done at supercritical tank pressure conditions and there are selected cases where errors of analytical predictions are high. The objectives of this study are to develop a new generalized and improved computer program to determine pressurant gas requirements at both subcritical and supercritical tank pressure conditions, and then evaluate and validate the consistent accuracy of this program over a wide range of conditions by comparison of program results to empirical data.
Book Synopsis VALIDATED PREDICTION OF PRESSURANT GAS REQUIREMENTS IN CRYOGENIC RUN TANKS AT SUBCRITICAL AND SUPERCRITICAL PRESSURES. by :
Download or read book VALIDATED PREDICTION OF PRESSURANT GAS REQUIREMENTS IN CRYOGENIC RUN TANKS AT SUBCRITICAL AND SUPERCRITICAL PRESSURES. written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modern Engineering for Design of Liquid-Propellant Rocket Engines by : Dieter K. Huzel
Download or read book Modern Engineering for Design of Liquid-Propellant Rocket Engines written by Dieter K. Huzel and published by AIAA. This book was released on 1992 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Frederick J. Edeskuty Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :1489903070 Total Pages :239 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (899 download)
Book Synopsis Safety in the Handling of Cryogenic Fluids by : Frederick J. Edeskuty
Download or read book Safety in the Handling of Cryogenic Fluids written by Frederick J. Edeskuty and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-22 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of safety in any scientific endeavor is never in question. However, when cryogenic temperatures are involved, safety is especially important. In addition to observing the normal precautions, one must also take into account the variations of physical properties that occur at low temperatures. At these tempera tures, some properties not only exhibit large differences from their normal values but also can vary widely over a small temperature range. Before any cryogenic project is started, a thorough knowledge of the possible hazards is necessary. Only in this way can the safest operation be attained. Over the hundred-year history of cryogenic research, this has been shown to be the case. Keeping this requirement in mind is an essential ingredient in the quest for accident-free work. The past four or five decades have seen a great expansion of cryogenic technology. Cryogenic liquids, such as oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, and helium, have become commonly used in a number of different applications and are easily available in any part of the United States and, indeed, almost anywhere in the world. Not only are these liquids available, they have become less expensive and also available in ever larger quantities. As quantities increase, so also do the conse quences of mishaps. The future seems to hold promise of ever larger and more widespread use of the common cryogens. Thus, the importance of safety also increases as time progresses.
Book Synopsis Liquid Acquisition Devices for Advanced In-Space Cryogenic Propulsion Systems by : Jason William Hartwig
Download or read book Liquid Acquisition Devices for Advanced In-Space Cryogenic Propulsion Systems written by Jason William Hartwig and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-11-21 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liquid Acquisition Devices for Advanced In-Space Cryogenic Propulsion Systems discusses the importance of reliable cryogenic systems, a pivotal part of everything from engine propulsion to fuel deposits. As some of the most efficient systems involve advanced cryogenic fluid management systems that present challenging issues, the book tackles issues such as the difficulty in obtaining data, the lack of quality data and models, and the complexity in trying to model these systems. The book presents models and experimental data based on rare and hard-to-obtain cryogenic data. Through clear descriptions of practical data and models, readers will explore the development of robust and flexible liquid acquisition devices (LAD) through component-level and full-scale ground experiments, as well as analytical tools. This book presents new and rare experimental data, as well as analytical models, in a fundamental area to the aerospace and space-flight communities. With this data, the reader can consider new and improved ways to design, analyze, and build expensive flight systems. Presents a definitive reference for design ideas, analysis tools, and performance data on cryogenic liquid acquisition devices Provides historical perspectives to present fundamental design models and performance data, which are applied to two practical examples throughout the book Describes a series of models to optimize liquid acquisition device performance, which are confirmed through a variety of parametric component level tests Includes video clips of experiments on a companion website
Book Synopsis Pre-test Predictions by : T.E. Sicking
Download or read book Pre-test Predictions written by T.E. Sicking and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics by :
Download or read book Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics written by and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Propulsion Fundamentals by : James F. Connors
Download or read book Propulsion Fundamentals written by James F. Connors and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Standard Handbook for Aerospace Engineers, Second Edition by : Brij N. Agrawal
Download or read book Standard Handbook for Aerospace Engineers, Second Edition written by Brij N. Agrawal and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2018-02-26 with total page 1393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. A single source of essential information for aerospace engineers This fully revised resource presents theories and practices from more than 50 specialists in the many sub-disciplines of aeronautical and astronautical engineering—all under one cover. The Standard Handbook for Aerospace Engineers, Second Edition, contains complete details on classic designs as well as the latest techniques, materials, and processes used in aviation, defense, and space systems. You will get insightful, practical coverage of the gamut of aerospace engineering technologies along with hundreds of informative diagrams, charts, and graphs. Standard Handbook for Aerospace Engineers, Second Edition covers: •Futures of aerospace •Aircraft systems •Aerodynamics, aeroelasticity, and acoustics •Aircraft performance •Aircraft flight mechanics, stability, and control •Avionics and air traffic management systems •Aeronautical design •Spacecraft design •Astrodynamics •Rockets and launch vehicles •Earth’s environment and space •Attitude dynamics and control
Book Synopsis Karl Fischer Titration by : Eugen Scholz
Download or read book Karl Fischer Titration written by Eugen Scholz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Karl Fischer titration is used in many different ways following its publication in 1935 and further applications are continually being explored. At the present time we are experiencing another phase of expansion, as shown by the development of new titration equipment and new reagents. KF equipment increasingly incorporates microprocessors which enable the course of a titration to be programmed thus sim plifying the titration. Coulometric titrators allow water determinations in the micro gram-range: the KF titration has become a micro-method. The new pyridine-free re agents make its application significantly more pleasant and open up further possibili ties on account of their accuracy. To make the approach to Karl Fischer titrations easier, we have summarized the present knowledge in this monograph and we have complemented it with our own studies and practical experience. As this book should remain "readable", we have tried to keep the fundamentals to a minimum. Historical developments are only mentioned if they seem to be necessary for understanding the KF reaction. The ap plications are described more fully. Specific details which may interest a particular reader can be found in the original publications cited. The referenced literature is in chronological order as the year of publication may also prove informative. Thus, [6902] for example denotes 69 for 1969 being the year of publication and 02 is a non-recurring progressive number. The referenced litera ture includes summaries which we hope will be of help to find the "right" publica tion easily.
Book Synopsis Hydrodynamic Aspects of Boiling Heat Transfer by : N. Zuber
Download or read book Hydrodynamic Aspects of Boiling Heat Transfer written by N. Zuber and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Formulas for Stress, Strain, and Structural Matrices by : Walter D. Pilkey
Download or read book Formulas for Stress, Strain, and Structural Matrices written by Walter D. Pilkey and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005 with total page 1544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description
Book Synopsis Experimental Evaluation of Several Ablative Materials as Nozzle Sections of a Storable-propellant Rocket Engine by : Donald A. Peterson
Download or read book Experimental Evaluation of Several Ablative Materials as Nozzle Sections of a Storable-propellant Rocket Engine written by Donald A. Peterson and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report evaluates twenty-two ablative-material samples as nozzle sections of a storable-propellant (nitrogen textroxide and a 50-50 percent blend of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine with hydrazine) rocket engine to determine general trends among the material variables and to enable comparison of such trends with those observed from similar tests with a hydrogen-oxygen rocket engine reported in NASA TN D-3258.
Book Synopsis Cryogenic Foam Insulation by : Frank R. Williamson
Download or read book Cryogenic Foam Insulation written by Frank R. Williamson and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cryogenic Process Engineering by : Klaus D. Timmerhaus
Download or read book Cryogenic Process Engineering written by Klaus D. Timmerhaus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cryogenics, a term commonly used to refer to very low temperatures, had its beginning in the latter half of the last century when man learned, for the first time, how to cool objects to a temperature lower than had ever existed na tu rally on the face of the earth. The air we breathe was first liquefied in 1883 by a Polish scientist named Olszewski. Ten years later he and a British scientist, Sir James Dewar, liquefied hydrogen. Helium, the last of the so-caBed permanent gases, was finally liquefied by the Dutch physicist Kamerlingh Onnes in 1908. Thus, by the beginning of the twentieth century the door had been opened to astrange new world of experimentation in which aB substances, except liquid helium, are solids and where the absolute temperature is only a few microdegrees away. However, the point on the temperature scale at which refrigeration in the ordinary sense of the term ends and cryogenics begins has ne ver been weB defined. Most workers in the field have chosen to restrict cryogenics to a tem perature range below -150°C (123 K). This is a reasonable dividing line since the normal boiling points of the more permanent gases, such as helium, hydrogen, neon, nitrogen, oxygen, and air, lie below this temperature, while the more common refrigerants have boiling points that are above this temperature. Cryogenic engineering is concerned with the design and development of low-temperature systems and components.
Book Synopsis Boiling Heat Transfer for Cryogenics by : J. D. Seader
Download or read book Boiling Heat Transfer for Cryogenics written by J. D. Seader and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An extensive survey of available information from the literature on heat transfer to boiling hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen is presented. Included are a bibliography of available experimental data, a summary of boiling theory, graphical comparisons of the experimental data, and compilations of pertinent physical properties for each of the three cryogenic fluids. Based upon the results of the survey, recommendations are made for a test program to provide critical information there data are lacking.
