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Effects of U.S. Tax Policy on Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309282721
Total Pages : 199 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of U.S. Tax Policy on Greenhouse Gas Emissions by : National Research Council

Download or read book Effects of U.S. Tax Policy on Greenhouse Gas Emissions written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-06-20 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Congress charged the National Academies with conducting a review of the Internal Revenue Code to identify the types of and specific tax provisions that have the largest effects on carbon and other greenhouse gas emissions and to estimate the magnitude of those effects. To address such a broad charge, the National Academies appointed a committee composed of experts in tax policy, energy and environmental modeling, economics, environmental law, climate science, and related areas. For scientific background to produce Effects of U.S. Tax Policy on Greenhouse Gas Emissions, the committee relied on the earlier findings and studies by the National Academies, the U.S. government, and other research organizations. The committee has relied on earlier reports and studies to set the boundaries of the economic, environmental, and regulatory assumptions for the present study. The major economic and environmental assumptions are those developed by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) in its annual reports and modeling. Additionally, the committee has relied upon publicly available data provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, which inventories greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from different sources in the United States. The tax system affects emissions primarily through changes in the prices of inputs and outputs or goods and services. Most of the tax provisions considered in this report relate directly to the production or consumption of different energy sources. However, there is a substantial set of tax expenditures called "broad-based" that favor certain categories of consumption-among them, employer-provided health care, owner-occupied housing, and purchase of new plants and equipment. Effects of U.S. Tax Policy on Greenhouse Gas Emissions examines both tax expenditures and excise taxes that could have a significant impact on GHG emissions.

Implementing a US Carbon Tax

Author : Ian Parry
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317602080
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis Implementing a US Carbon Tax by : Ian Parry

Download or read book Implementing a US Carbon Tax written by Ian Parry and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-02-11 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the future extent and effects of global climate change remain uncertain, the expected damages are not zero, and risks of serious environmental and macroeconomic consequences rise with increasing atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. Despite the uncertainties, reducing emissions now makes sense, and a carbon tax is the simplest, most effective, and least costly way to do this. At the same time, a carbon tax would provide substantial new revenues which may be badly needed, given historically high debt-to-GDP levels, pressures on social security and medical budgets, and calls to reform taxes on personal and corporate income. This book is about the practicalities of introducing a carbon tax, set against the broader fiscal context. It consists of thirteen chapters, written by leading experts, covering the full range of issues policymakers would need to understand, such as the revenue potential of a carbon tax, how the tax can be administered, the advantages of carbon taxes over other mitigation instruments and the environmental and macroeconomic impacts of the tax. A carbon tax can work in the United States. This volume shows how, by laying out sound design principles, opportunities for broader policy reforms, and feasible solutions to specific implementation challenges.

U.S. Investment Since the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017

Author : Emanuel Kopp
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498317049
Total Pages : 37 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)

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Book Synopsis U.S. Investment Since the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 by : Emanuel Kopp

Download or read book U.S. Investment Since the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 written by Emanuel Kopp and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-05-31 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is no consensus on how strongly the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) has stimulated U.S. private fixed investment. Some argue that the business tax provisions spurred investment by cutting the cost of capital. Others see the TCJA primarily as a windfall for shareholders. We find that U.S. business investment since 2017 has grown strongly compared to pre-TCJA forecasts and that the overriding factor driving it has been the strength of expected aggregate demand. Investment has, so far, fallen short of predictions based on the postwar relation with tax cuts. Model simulations and firm-level data suggest that much of this weaker response reflects a lower sensitivity of investment to tax policy changes in the current environment of greater corporate market power. Economic policy uncertainty in 2018 played a relatively small role in dampening investment growth.

Energy Tax Incentives

Author : Molly Sherlock
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781480151598
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis Energy Tax Incentives by : Molly Sherlock

Download or read book Energy Tax Incentives written by Molly Sherlock and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2012-10-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The majority of energy produced in the United States is derived from fossil fuels. In recent years, however, revenue losses associated with tax incentives that benefit renewables have exceeded revenue losses associated with tax incentives benefitting fossil fuels. As Congress evaluates the tax code and various energy tax incentives, there has been interest in understanding how energy tax benefits under the current tax system are distributed across different domestic energy resources. In 2010, fossil fuels accounted for 78.0% of U.S. primary energy production. The remaining primary energy production is attributable to nuclear electric and renewable energy resources, with shares of 11.2% and 10.7%, respectively. Primary energy production using renewable energy resources includes both electricity generated using renewable resources, including hydropower, as well as renewable fuels (e.g., biofuels). The value of federal tax support for the energy sector was estimated to be $19.1 billion in 2010. Of this, roughly one-third ($6.3 billion) was for tax incentives that support renewable fuels. Another $6.7 billion can be attributed to tax-related incentives supporting various renewable energy technologies (e.g., wind and solar). Targeted tax incentives supporting fossil energy resources totaled $2.4 billion. This report provides an analysis of the value of energy tax incentives relative to primary energy production levels. Relative to their share in overall energy production, renewables receive more federal financial support through the tax code than energy produced using fossil energy resources. Within the renewable energy sector, relative to the level of energy produced, biofuels receive the most tax-related financial support. The report also summarizes the results of recently published studies by the Energy Information Administration (EIA) evaluating energy subsidies across various technologies. According to data presented in the EIA reports, the share of direct federal financial support for electricity produced using coal, natural gas and petroleum, and nuclear energy resources was similar in 2007 and 2010. Between 2007 and 2010, however, the share of federal financial support for electricity produced by renewables increased substantially, and federal financial support for refined coal disappeared. Projections of the annual cost of energy-related tax provisions through 2015 show that, under current law, tax-related support for renewable fuels will effectively disappear after 2012. The amount of tax-related support for renewable electricity is also scheduled to decline over time given the recent expiration of the Section 1603 grants in lieu of tax credits program and the scheduled expiration of other tax incentives for renewable electricity, such as the production tax credit (PTC). The value of energy-related tax provisions that benefit fossil fuels is projected to remain relatively constant over time, under current law, as most provisions that benefit fossil fuels are permanent Internal Revenue Code (IRC) provisions.

Tax Policy and the Economy

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Tax Policy and the Economy by :

Download or read book Tax Policy and the Economy written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Estimates of Federal Tax Expenditures

Author : United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Internal Revenue Taxation
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Estimates of Federal Tax Expenditures by : United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Internal Revenue Taxation

Download or read book Estimates of Federal Tax Expenditures written by United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Internal Revenue Taxation and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Progressive Consumption Taxation

Author : Robert Carroll
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 0844743941
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (447 download)

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Book Synopsis Progressive Consumption Taxation by : Robert Carroll

Download or read book Progressive Consumption Taxation written by Robert Carroll and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2012 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors observe that consumption taxation is superior to income taxation because it does not penalize saving and investment and propose that the U.S. income tax system be completely replaced by a progressive consumption tax. They argue that the X tax, developed by the late David Bradford, offers the best form of progressive consumption taxation for the United States and outline concrete proposals for the X tax's treatment of numerous specific economic issues.

Fiscal Policies for Development and Climate Action

Author : Miria A. Pigato
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9781464813580
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Fiscal Policies for Development and Climate Action by : Miria A. Pigato

Download or read book Fiscal Policies for Development and Climate Action written by Miria A. Pigato and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2018-12-31 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides actionable advice on how to design and implement fiscal policies for both development and climate action. Building on more than two decades of research in development and environmental economics, it argues that well-designed environmental tax reforms are especially valuable in developing countries, where they can reduce emissions, increase domestic revenues, and generate positive welfare effects such as cleaner water, safer roads, and improvements in human health. Moreover, these reforms need not harm competitiveness. New empirical evidence from Indonesia and Mexico suggests that under certain conditions, raising fuel prices can actually increase firm productivity. Finally, the report discusses the role of fiscal policy in strengthening resilience to climate change. It provides evidence that preventive public investments and measures to build fiscal buffers can help safeguard stability and growth in the face of rising climate risks. In this way, environmental tax reforms and climate risk-management strategies can lay the much-needed fiscal foundation for development and climate action.

Getting Energy Prices Right

Author : Ian W.H. Parry
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484388577
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis Getting Energy Prices Right by : Ian W.H. Parry

Download or read book Getting Energy Prices Right written by Ian W.H. Parry and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-07-22 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy taxes can produce substantial environmental and revenue benefits and are an important component of countries’ fiscal systems. Although the principle that these taxes should reflect global warming, air pollution, road congestion, and other adverse environmental impacts of energy use is well established, there has been little previous work providing guidance on how countries can put this principle into practice. This book develops a practical methodology, and associated tools, to show how the major environmental damages from energy can be quantified for different countries and used to design the efficient set of energy taxes.

Paying for Pollution

Author : Gilbert E. Metcalf
Publisher : Academic
ISBN 13 : 019069419X
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Paying for Pollution by : Gilbert E. Metcalf

Download or read book Paying for Pollution written by Gilbert E. Metcalf and published by Academic. This book was released on 2019 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows why a carbon tax is the most efficient and fair way to address the major cause of climate change. It explains how a carbon tax reform can help low-income households. And it argues that carbon tax is market based policy that should be supported across the political spectrum.

Behavioral and Distributional Effects of Environmental Policy

Author : Carlo Carraro
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226094804
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (26 download)

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Book Synopsis Behavioral and Distributional Effects of Environmental Policy by : Carlo Carraro

Download or read book Behavioral and Distributional Effects of Environmental Policy written by Carlo Carraro and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-02-15 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most people would agree that it makes sense to tax a company that pollutes in a way that directly reflects the amount of environmental and social damage it has done. Yet in practice, such taxes are fraught with difficulty and have far-reaching implications. A company facing a new tax may lay off workers, for example, exacerbating an unemployment problem. This volume focuses on such external issues and examines in detail the trade-offs involved in designing policies to deal with environmental problems. Reflecting the broad nature of the subject, the contributors include leading economists in the areas of public finance, industrial organization, and trade theory, as well as environmental economists. Integrating both theoretical and empirical methods, they examine environmental policy design as it relates to location decisions, compliance costs, administrative costs, effects on research and development, and international factor movements. Shedding light on an extraordinarily complex and important topic, this collection will be of interest to all those involved in designing effective environmental policy.

Reliable, Affordable, and Environmentally Sound Energy for America's Future

Author : United States. National Energy Policy Development Group
Publisher : Group Publishing (Company)
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (327 download)

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Book Synopsis Reliable, Affordable, and Environmentally Sound Energy for America's Future by : United States. National Energy Policy Development Group

Download or read book Reliable, Affordable, and Environmentally Sound Energy for America's Future written by United States. National Energy Policy Development Group and published by Group Publishing (Company). This book was released on 2001 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Manual for the Economic Evaluation of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Technologies

Author : Walter Short
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781410221056
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (21 download)

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Book Synopsis A Manual for the Economic Evaluation of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Technologies by : Walter Short

Download or read book A Manual for the Economic Evaluation of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Technologies written by Walter Short and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Manual for the Economic Evaluation of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Technologies provides guidance on economic evaluation approaches, metrics, and levels of detail required, while offering a consistent basis on which analysts can perform analyses using standard assumptions and bases. It not only provides information on the primary economic measures used in economic analyses and the fundamentals of finance but also provides guidance focused on the special considerations required in the economic evaluation of energy efficiency and renewable energy systems.

The Case for a Carbon Tax

Author : Shi-Ling Hsu
Publisher : Island Press
ISBN 13 : 1610911784
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis The Case for a Carbon Tax by : Shi-Ling Hsu

Download or read book The Case for a Carbon Tax written by Shi-Ling Hsu and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2012-06-22 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There's a simple, straightforward way to cut carbon emissions and prevent the most disastrous effects of climate change-and we're rejecting it because of irrational political fears. That's the central argument of The Case for a Carbon Tax, a clear-eyed, sophisticated analysis of climate change policy. Shi-Ling Hsu examines the four major approaches to curbing CO2: cap-and-trade; command and control regulation; government subsidies of alternative energy; and carbon taxes. Weighing the economic, social, administrative, and political merits of each, he demonstrates why a tax is currently the most effective policy. Hsu does not claim that a tax is the perfect or only solution-but that unlike the alternatives, it can be implemented immediately and paired effectively with other approaches. In fact, the only real barrier is psychological. While politicians can present subsidies and cap-and-trade as "win-win" solutions, the costs of a tax are immediately apparent. Hsu deftly explores the social and political factors that prevent us from embracing this commonsense approach. And he shows why we must get past our hang-ups if we are to avert a global crisis.

The Power of Renewables

Author : Chinese Academy of Engineering
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309160006
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Power of Renewables by : Chinese Academy of Engineering

Download or read book The Power of Renewables written by Chinese Academy of Engineering and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-01-29 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States and China are the world's top two energy consumers and, as of 2010, the two largest economies. Consequently, they have a decisive role to play in the world's clean energy future. Both countries are also motivated by related goals, namely diversified energy portfolios, job creation, energy security, and pollution reduction, making renewable energy development an important strategy with wide-ranging implications. Given the size of their energy markets, any substantial progress the two countries make in advancing use of renewable energy will provide global benefits, in terms of enhanced technological understanding, reduced costs through expanded deployment, and reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions relative to conventional generation from fossil fuels. Within this context, the U.S. National Academies, in collaboration with the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE), reviewed renewable energy development and deployment in the two countries, to highlight prospects for collaboration across the research to deployment chain and to suggest strategies which would promote more rapid and economical attainment of renewable energy goals. Main findings and concerning renewable resource assessments, technology development, environmental impacts, market infrastructure, among others, are presented. Specific recommendations have been limited to those judged to be most likely to accelerate the pace of deployment, increase cost-competitiveness, or shape the future market for renewable energy. The recommendations presented here are also pragmatic and achievable.

Drawdown

Author : Paul Hawken
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 1524704652
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (247 download)

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Book Synopsis Drawdown by : Paul Hawken

Download or read book Drawdown written by Paul Hawken and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2017-04-18 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: • New York Times bestseller • The 100 most substantive solutions to reverse global warming, based on meticulous research by leading scientists and policymakers around the world “At this point in time, the Drawdown book is exactly what is needed; a credible, conservative solution-by-solution narrative that we can do it. Reading it is an effective inoculation against the widespread perception of doom that humanity cannot and will not solve the climate crisis. Reported by-effects include increased determination and a sense of grounded hope.” —Per Espen Stoknes, Author, What We Think About When We Try Not To Think About Global Warming “There’s been no real way for ordinary people to get an understanding of what they can do and what impact it can have. There remains no single, comprehensive, reliable compendium of carbon-reduction solutions across sectors. At least until now. . . . The public is hungry for this kind of practical wisdom.” —David Roberts, Vox “This is the ideal environmental sciences textbook—only it is too interesting and inspiring to be called a textbook.” —Peter Kareiva, Director of the Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, UCLA In the face of widespread fear and apathy, an international coalition of researchers, professionals, and scientists have come together to offer a set of realistic and bold solutions to climate change. One hundred techniques and practices are described here—some are well known; some you may have never heard of. They range from clean energy to educating girls in lower-income countries to land use practices that pull carbon out of the air. The solutions exist, are economically viable, and communities throughout the world are currently enacting them with skill and determination. If deployed collectively on a global scale over the next thirty years, they represent a credible path forward, not just to slow the earth’s warming but to reach drawdown, that point in time when greenhouse gases in the atmosphere peak and begin to decline. These measures promise cascading benefits to human health, security, prosperity, and well-being—giving us every reason to see this planetary crisis as an opportunity to create a just and livable world.

General Explanations of the Administration's Revenue Proposals

Author : United States Dept of the Treasury
Publisher : Palala Press
ISBN 13 : 9781379035992
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (359 download)

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Book Synopsis General Explanations of the Administration's Revenue Proposals by : United States Dept of the Treasury

Download or read book General Explanations of the Administration's Revenue Proposals written by United States Dept of the Treasury and published by Palala Press. This book was released on 2018-03-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.