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Updating Flood Maps Efficiently
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Book Synopsis Updating Flood Maps Efficiently Using Existing Hydraulic Models, Very-high-accuracy Elevation Data, and a Geographic Information System by : Joseph L. Jones
Download or read book Updating Flood Maps Efficiently Using Existing Hydraulic Models, Very-high-accuracy Elevation Data, and a Geographic Information System written by Joseph L. Jones and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mapping the Zone by : National Research Council
Download or read book Mapping the Zone written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-05-15 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Maps portray the height and extent to which flooding is expected to occur, and they form the basis for setting flood insurance premiums and regulating development in the floodplain. As such, they are an important tool for individuals, businesses, communities, and government agencies to understand and deal with flood hazard and flood risk. Improving map accuracy is therefore not an academic question-better maps help everyone. Making and maintaining an accurate flood map is neither simple nor inexpensive. Even after an investment of more than $1 billion to take flood maps into the digital world, only 21 percent of the population has maps that meet or exceed national flood hazard data quality thresholds. Even when floodplains are mapped with high accuracy, land development and natural changes to the landscape or hydrologic systems create the need for continuous map maintenance and updates. Mapping the Zone examines the factors that affect flood map accuracy, assesses the benefits and costs of more accurate flood maps, and recommends ways to improve flood mapping, communication, and management of flood-related data.
Book Synopsis Updating Flood Maps Efficiently by :
Download or read book Updating Flood Maps Efficiently written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Updating Flood Maps Efficiently Using Existing Hydraulic Models, Very-high-accuracy Elevation Data, and a Geographic Information System by : Joseph L. Jones
Download or read book Updating Flood Maps Efficiently Using Existing Hydraulic Models, Very-high-accuracy Elevation Data, and a Geographic Information System written by Joseph L. Jones and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Elevation Data for Floodplain Mapping by : National Research Council
Download or read book Elevation Data for Floodplain Mapping written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-08-16 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Floodplain maps serve as the basis for determining whether homes or buildings require flood insurance under the National Flood Insurance Program run by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Approximately $650 billion in insured assets are now covered under the program. FEMA is modernizing floodplain maps to better serve the program. However, concerns have been raised as to the adequacy of the base map information available to support floodplain map modernization. Elevation Data for Floodplain Mapping shows that there is sufficient two-dimensional base map imagery to meet FEMA's flood map modernization goals, but that the three-dimensional base elevation data that are needed to determine whether a building should have flood insurance are not adequate. This book makes recommendations for a new national digital elevation data collection program to redress the inadequacy. Policy makers; property insurance professionals; federal, local, and state governments; and others concerned with natural disaster prevention and preparedness will find this book of interest.
Book Synopsis Updating Flood Maps Effeiciently: Building on Existing Hydraulic Information and Modern Elevation Data with a Gis Jones, Joseph L., Et Al by :
Download or read book Updating Flood Maps Effeiciently: Building on Existing Hydraulic Information and Modern Elevation Data with a Gis Jones, Joseph L., Et Al written by and published by . This book was released on 1999* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Elevation Data for Floodplain Mapping by : National Research Council
Download or read book Elevation Data for Floodplain Mapping written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-09-16 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Floodplain maps serve as the basis for determining whether homes or buildings require flood insurance under the National Flood Insurance Program run by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Approximately $650 billion in insured assets are now covered under the program. FEMA is modernizing floodplain maps to better serve the program. However, concerns have been raised as to the adequacy of the base map information available to support floodplain map modernization. Elevation Data for Floodplain Mapping shows that there is sufficient two-dimensional base map imagery to meet FEMA's flood map modernization goals, but that the three-dimensional base elevation data that are needed to determine whether a building should have flood insurance are not adequate. This book makes recommendations for a new national digital elevation data collection program to redress the inadequacy. Policy makers; property insurance professionals; federal, local, and state governments; and others concerned with natural disaster prevention and preparedness will find this book of interest.
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. Ad Hoc Subcommittee on Disaster Recovery Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :144 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (318 download)
Book Synopsis Flood Preparedness and Mitigation by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. Ad Hoc Subcommittee on Disaster Recovery
Download or read book Flood Preparedness and Mitigation written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. Ad Hoc Subcommittee on Disaster Recovery and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis FEMA's Flood Hazard Map Modernization Initiative by : Wayne A. Morrissey
Download or read book FEMA's Flood Hazard Map Modernization Initiative written by Wayne A. Morrissey and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1968, Congress created the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). This program called for the federal government to help cover costs of flood damages, creating a structure that assigned the financial responsibility to individuals and entities particularly at risk for flooding. Congress amended NFIP in 1973, requiring the Flood Insurance Administration in the Department of Housing and Urban Development to produce countywide "Flood Insurance Rate Maps," or FIRMs, to set federal flood insurance premiums based on flood risk. In 1979, the newly created Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) became responsible for producing FIRMs. By 1994, FEMA had developed a prototype FIRM as a digital file, or DFIRM, that could be displayed on a computer. The agency announced that for flood data management and map production efficiency it intended to expand its DFIRM inventory. In 1997, when DFIRM production was becoming operational, FEMA's director delivered a strategic plan for a "Flood Map Modernization Initiative (FMMI)" to Congress, whereby all new flood maps would be produced as DFIRMs and 100,000 FIRMs would be converted to digital file format. In 1999, FEMA reported that FMMI would be completed by 2007. FEMA's goal now is 2008. Congress appropriated an initial $5 million to establish the FMMI in FY2000. After that initial step a debate developed concerning future funding for the program. The White House and Congress had differences of opinion about how the program should be funded, by an agency's internal fee-levying and spending authority or by appropriations. At times, the House and Senate debated about whether to fund the program at all. The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States led to the creation of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) by the Bush Administration and Congress in December 2002 (P.L. 108-5). FEMA was brought under DHS authority in March 2003 and continues to operate the flood mapping program. In FY2004, FEMA's budget authority was transferred to DHS appropriation subcommittees. DFIRMs are developed from U.S. Geological Survey digital maps depicting visible land-surface features such as waterways, terrain, and regional infrastructure. Local or regional infrastructure and environmental data provided by local officials are also incorporated to identify where flood hazards may affect human settlements. Although some local data have become available as digital maps, local paper maps are still prevalent and are produced at geographical scales different from what USGS uses. In 1997, when FEMA unveiled the FMMI strategic plan, some regional and local authorities became concerned about FEMA's new requirement that they provide local data and maps as digital files to aid in DFIRM production. At the time, FEMA made this a condition for remaining in the NFIP and retaining federal flood insurance coverage. However, by 1999, FEMA realized that it would need to provide grants to some state/tribal governments and direct funding to economically challenged local jurisdictions to attain FMMI goals. FEMA has since contracted for professional mapping assistance in converting paper flood maps to digital files for uniform DFIRM input. Recognition of flood hazard studies needed after Hurricane Katrina, executing timely regular updates of DFIRMs, and the fate of the FMMI under DHS are some of FEMA's recent concerns. The report will be updated as warranted
Book Synopsis Scoping of Flood Hazard Mapping Needs for Belknap County, New Hampshire by : Robert H. Flynn
Download or read book Scoping of Flood Hazard Mapping Needs for Belknap County, New Hampshire written by Robert H. Flynn and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Flood map modernization program strategy shows promise, but challenges remain : report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Housing and Community Opportunity, Committee on Financial Services, House of Representatives. by :
Download or read book Flood map modernization program strategy shows promise, but challenges remain : report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Housing and Community Opportunity, Committee on Financial Services, House of Representatives. written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Financial Services. Subcommittee on Housing and Community Opportunity Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :196 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Flood Map Modernization and the Future of the National Flood Insurance Program by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Financial Services. Subcommittee on Housing and Community Opportunity
Download or read book Flood Map Modernization and the Future of the National Flood Insurance Program written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Financial Services. Subcommittee on Housing and Community Opportunity and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Updating Flood Inundation Maps Efficiently by : Martha L. Erwin
Download or read book Updating Flood Inundation Maps Efficiently written by Martha L. Erwin and published by . This book was released on with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scoping of Flood Hazard Mapping Needs for Coos County, New Hampshire by : Robert H. Flynn
Download or read book Scoping of Flood Hazard Mapping Needs for Coos County, New Hampshire written by Robert H. Flynn and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guide to Flood Maps written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Water-resources Investigations Report by :
Download or read book Water-resources Investigations Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Improving Topography Data for Flood Modeling by : Apoorva Ramesh Shastry
Download or read book Improving Topography Data for Flood Modeling written by Apoorva Ramesh Shastry and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flood models predict inundation extents, and can be an important source of information for flood risk studies. Accurate flood models require high resolution and high accuracy digital elevation models (DEM); current global DEMs do not capture the topographic details in floodplains, and this often leads to inaccurate prediction of flood extents by flood models. Flood extents obtained from remotely sensed data provide indirect information about topography. Here, we attempt to use this information along with model predictions to produce better floodplain topography. To illustrate the importance of accurate DEMs, we build a hydraulic model of the Logone Floodplain in Cameroon. We use LISFLOOD-FP, a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model, to build our floodplain model, and incorporate the effects of small-scale, local features like man-made fish canals, fishnets and depressions. Fish canals and depressions are represented as sub-grid elements connected to the river channel, and the fishnet structure as a combination of weir and mesh screens. The Logone Floodplain model is calibrated manually by adjusting the DEM. Flood inundation predictions from the model are compared with classified Landsat images, and the DEM is adjusted accordingly. Manual calibration was performed during one year (2006) and validation over five years (2001 2005, 2007). The Logone model accurately predicts the measured discharge downstream of the floodplain, with NashSutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) of 0.95, indicating that the channel to floodplain flow was modeled accurately. The spatial pattern of inundation is captured with a mean hit rate of 54% and mean critical success (CSI) index of 36% before manual adjustment of the DEM, and 63% and 43% after DEM adjustment. We then develop an algorithm to systematically update DEMs, and eliminate the manual calibration step. We use a data assimilation-style scheme where predictions from an ensemble of particle DEMs are merged with satellite derived observations of flood extents. The algorithm we describe is a two-step process: first, we reduce the noise along the observed flood boundaries for all particle DEMs. Then, the model predictions from these modified DEMs are assimilated with observations using a particle batch smoother. We first implemented the algorithm for a synthetic test case, and explored the sensitivity of the algorithm to errors of various magnitude. We observed a significant improvement in accuracy in terms of RMSE, bias and standard deviation. Flood inundation maps produced from the final estimate DEMs also improved on its prior. We then adapt this algorithm and implement it to a real-world case in the Logone Floodplain. The main difference in the algorithm is that in addition to constraining the ground elevations along the flood boundary, we also constrain them within the inundated regions for the ensemble of particle DEMs. We find that the updated DEM from the algorithm produced flood maps that had higher values for hit rate and CSI, with a mean hit rate of 72% and CSI of 44%. When evaluated during a validation period not used in data assimilation, we find a mean hit rate of 66% and a mean CSI of 45%. We find that modifying the DEM significantly improved the inundation prediction capability of the model. The algorithm produces promising results, and this type of analysis can be performed in data-poor floodplains to obtain better DEMs where high resolution DEMs do not exist.
