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Update Of Emission Factors For Nitrous Oxide From Agricultural Soils On The Basis Of Measurements In The Netherlands
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Book Synopsis Update of Emission Factors for Nitrous Oxide from Agricultural Soils on the Basis of Measurements in the Netherlands by :
Download or read book Update of Emission Factors for Nitrous Oxide from Agricultural Soils on the Basis of Measurements in the Netherlands written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) in the Netherlands are reported to the UNFCCC on the basis of a country specific methodology. In this study we have identified and analysed the values for emission factors in measurement from in the Netherlands in the period 1993 – 2003. The overall averaged emission factor extracted from over 86 series of one year measurements on nitrous oxide emission from agricultural fields in the Netherlands is 1.1% and a weighed average for soil types is 1.01%. The average for mineral soils is 0.88%. The calculated emission factors are lower than the value suggested by the IPCC for EF1 for fertilizer and animal manure of 1.25%. We recommend to use a value of 1.0% for EF1 and to use corrections of EF1 in reporting the use of fertilizers without nitrate (0.5%), for subsurface application of manure (1.5%) and for fertilizer, manure and urine on organic soils (2.0%)
Book Synopsis Update of Emission Factors for Nitrous Oxide from Agricultural Soils on the Basis of Measurements in the Netherlands by : P.J. Kuikman
Download or read book Update of Emission Factors for Nitrous Oxide from Agricultural Soils on the Basis of Measurements in the Netherlands written by P.J. Kuikman and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Calculation of Nitrous Oxide Emission from Agriculture in the Netherlands by : Gerardus Lambertus Velthof
Download or read book Calculation of Nitrous Oxide Emission from Agriculture in the Netherlands written by Gerardus Lambertus Velthof and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Soil Emission of Nitrous Oxide and its Mitigation by : David Ussiri
Download or read book Soil Emission of Nitrous Oxide and its Mitigation written by David Ussiri and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-13 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrous oxide gas is a long-lived relatively active greenhouse gas (GHG) with an atmospheric lifetime of approximately 120 years, and heat trapping effects about 310 times more powerful than carbon dioxide per molecule basis. It contributes about 6% of observed global warming. Nitrous oxide is not only a potent GHG, but it also plays a significant role in the depletion of stratospheric ozone. This book describes the anthropogenic sources of N2O with major emphasis on agricultural activities. It summarizes an overview of global cycling of N and the role of nitrous oxide on global warming and ozone depletion, and then focus on major source, soil borne nitrous oxide emissions. The spatial-temporal variation of soil nitrous oxide fluxes and underlying biogeochemical processes are described, as well as approaches to quantify fluxes of N2O from soils. Mitigation strategies to reduce the emissions, especially from agricultural soils, and fertilizer nitrogen sources are described in detail in the latter part of the book.
Book Synopsis Bridging Among Disciplines by Synthesizing Soil and Plant Processes by : Ole Wendroth
Download or read book Bridging Among Disciplines by Synthesizing Soil and Plant Processes written by Ole Wendroth and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-01-22 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 8th book of Dr. Ahuja’s innovative “Advances in Agricultural Systems Modeling” series, authors give a look into the future of climatesmart agricultural systems, emphasizing the integration of soil, weather, vegetation and management information to predict relevant agro-ecosystem processes. Expansion of data availability, improvement of sensors, and computational power have opened opportunities in modeling and exploration of management impact. Authors give a background on model development and explain soil, plant, and climate processes and their interactions that encompass the wide range of applications of simulation models to address challenges in managing our resources and complex agricultural systems.
Book Synopsis Effect of Manure Application Technique on Nitrous Oxide Emission from Agricultural Soils by : Gerardus Lambertus Velthof
Download or read book Effect of Manure Application Technique on Nitrous Oxide Emission from Agricultural Soils written by Gerardus Lambertus Velthof and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Measures on Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Agriculture by : Willem Vries
Download or read book Effects of Measures on Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Agriculture written by Willem Vries and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Atmospheric Boundary Layer Flows by : J. C. Kaimal
Download or read book Atmospheric Boundary Layer Flows written by J. C. Kaimal and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1994 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text gives a simple view of the structure of the boundary layer, the instruments available for measuring its mean and turbulent properties, how best to make the measurements, and ways to process and analyze the data.
Book Synopsis Direct and Indirect Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Agricultural Soils, 1990-2003. Background Document on the Calculation Method for the Dutch National Inventory Repor by :
Download or read book Direct and Indirect Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Agricultural Soils, 1990-2003. Background Document on the Calculation Method for the Dutch National Inventory Repor written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 2005 the Dutch method to calculate the nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soils has fully complied with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Good Practice Guidelines. In order to meet the commitments of the Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol, nitrous oxide emissions have to be reported annually in the Dutch National Inventory Report (NIR). Countries are encouraged to use country-specific data rather than the default values provided by the IPCC. This report describes the calculation schemes and data sources used for nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soils in the Netherlands. The nitrous oxide emissions, which contribute to the greenhouse effect, occur due to nitrification and denitrification processes. They include direct emissions from agricultural soils due to the application of animal manure and fertilizer nitrogen and the manure production in the meadow. Also included are indirect emissions resulting from the subsequent leaching of nitrate to ground water and surface waters, and from deposition of ammonia that had volatilized as a result of agricultural activities. Before 2005 indirect emissions in the Netherlands were calculated using a method that did not compare well with IPCC definitions and categories. The elaborate explanation here should facilitate reviewing by experts. Finally, the report also presents an overview of the nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soils and the underlying data used in the 1990 - 2003 period.
Book Synopsis Chemical Properties of Organic Amendments Influence Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Agricultural Soils by : Anaïs Charles
Download or read book Chemical Properties of Organic Amendments Influence Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Agricultural Soils written by Anaïs Charles and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Prediction of organic amendment's (OA) potential to emit soil nitrous oxide (POA-N2O) is difficult because of the variable composition of OAs and of complex interactions with soil properties and environmental conditions. The objectives of this thesis were (1) to conduct a meta-analysis of in-field N2O emissions following OA application to agricultural soils to assess the global emission factor (EF) for all organic sources (EForg) and its modulation by environmental and management-related factors; (2) to determine how experimental conditions affect the POA-N2O and select optimal conditions for laboratory-based assessment; (3) to measure the immediate (P1), short- (P2) and medium-term (P3) POA-N2O with the selected laboratory-based incubation method and then, relate P1, P2, and P3 to the physico-chemical characteristics of more than 131 OAs. The meta-analysis conducted on 256 EFs from 43 sites in 12 countries yielded an EForg equal to 0.57 ± 0.30%, which is lower than the IPCC default EF of 1% for synthetic fertilizer (SF). Three groups of OAs with similar EFs were identified: the high-risk group including animal manures, waste waters and biosolids (1.09 ± 0.17%); the medium-risk group including composts with fertilizers and crop residues with fertilizers (0.46 ± 0.22%); and the low-risk group including composts, crop residues, paper mill sludge and pellets (0.25 ± 0.20%). The EF was modulated by the C/N ratio of the OA, soil properties and precipitation. The EFs were on average 2.8 times greater in fine-textured soils than coarse-textured soils. The comparative incubation study showed that O2-limited conditions in headspace of a sealed-jar system increased the magnitude of N2O fluxes by 1.1 to 2.3-fold compared to open-jar systems. Intermittent aerations of a sealed-jar system relying on repeated measurement periods was then selected to assess P1 (48h), P2 (2nd wk), and P3 (3rd wk). In O2-limited conditions created in a Kamouraska clay soil, maximum P1 was reached for crop residues (CR) with C/N ratio
Book Synopsis Ecological Economics of Sustainable Watershed Management by : Jon D. Erickson
Download or read book Ecological Economics of Sustainable Watershed Management written by Jon D. Erickson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-07-18 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in this volume illustrate the power of a scientific approach to ecological economics. Good science is a careful blend of theory and empirical testing. Theory without empirical grounding is of no practical value and random case studies without a theoretical context are not generalizable. The back and forth interplay between theory and evidence is apparent in the modeling exercises, evaluation studies, and policy design described in this book. Watershed management has been chosen as a concrete focus to illuminate the facets of sustainability. It requires both a deep understanding of the natural processes in watersheds and of the societal processes which strongly depend on the natural watershed services. Furthermore, country-specific governance structures need to be considered to fine-tune the design of sustainable watershed policies in order to approach an interaction of society and nature, which ensures a long term use of water resources without adverse effects on society and the environment. This book has accepted the challenge to tackle the complex scientific underpinning of sustainable watershed analysis and management and will reveal basic ecological economic knowledge and methodological approaches in this prominent field of research.
Book Synopsis Nitrogen Fertilization in the Environment by : Peter Bacon
Download or read book Nitrogen Fertilization in the Environment written by Peter Bacon and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-01-23 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the interactions between nitrogen and the ecosystem and discusses nitrogen fertilization practices around the world. Simulation models that play an important role in determining the dynamics of source-sink relationships are presented, helping to pinpoint inefficiencies and develop strategies to synchronize nitrogen supply and demand.
Book Synopsis Developing Revised Emission Factors for Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Agricultural Pasture Treated with Nitrification Inhibitors by :
Download or read book Developing Revised Emission Factors for Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Agricultural Pasture Treated with Nitrification Inhibitors written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nitrogen in the Environment: Sources, Problems and Management by : R.F. Follett
Download or read book Nitrogen in the Environment: Sources, Problems and Management written by R.F. Follett and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2001-12-03 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen in the Environment: Sources, Problems, and Management is the first volume to provide a holistic perspective and comprehensive treatment of nitrogen from field, to ecosystem, to treatment of urban and rural drinking water supplies, while also including a historical overview, human health impacts and policy considerations. It provides a worldwide perspective on nitrogen and agriculture. Nitrogen is one of the most critical elements required in agricultural systems for the production of crops for feed, food and fiber. The ever-increasing world population requires increasing use of nitrogen in agriculture to supply human needs for dietary protein. Worldwide demand for nitrogen will increase as a direct response to increasing population. Strategies and perspectives are considered to improve nitrogen-use efficiency. Issues of nitrogen in crop and human nutrition, and transport and transformations along the continuum from farm field to ground water, watersheds, streams, rivers, and coastal marine environments are discussed. Described are aerial transport of nitrogen from livestock and agricultural systems and the potential for deposition and impacts. The current status of nitrogen in the environment in selected terrestrial and coastal environments and crop and forest ecosystems and development of emerging technologies to minimize nitrogen impacts on the environment are addressed. The nitrogen cycle provides a framework for assessing broad scale or even global strategies to improve nitrogen use efficiency. Growing human populations are the driving force that requires increased nitrogen inputs. These increasing inputs into the food-production system directly result in increased livestock and human-excretory nitrogen contribution into the environment. The scope of this book is diverse, covering a range of topics and issues from furthering our understanding of nitrogen in the environment to policy considerations at both farm and national scales.
Download or read book The Greenhouse Gas Protocol written by and published by World Business Pub.. This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard helps companies and other organizations to identify, calculate, and report GHG emissions. It is designed to set the standard for accurate, complete, consistent, relevant and transparent accounting and reporting of GHG emissions.
Book Synopsis The European Nitrogen Assessment by : Mark A. Sutton
Download or read book The European Nitrogen Assessment written by Mark A. Sutton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-04-14 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting the first continental-scale assessment of reactive nitrogen in the environment, this book sets the related environmental problems in context by providing a multidisciplinary introduction to the nitrogen cycle processes. Issues of upscaling from farm plot and city to national and continental scales are addressed in detail with emphasis on opportunities for better management at local to global levels. The five key societal threats posed by reactive nitrogen are assessed, providing a framework for joined-up management of the nitrogen cycle in Europe, including the first cost-benefit analysis for different reactive nitrogen forms and future scenarios. Incorporating comprehensive maps, a handy technical synopsis and a summary for policy makers, this landmark volume is an essential reference for academic researchers across a wide range of disciplines, as well as stakeholders and policy makers. It is also a valuable tool in communicating the key environmental issues and future challenges to the wider public.
Book Synopsis Effect of mineral N fertilizers – N form, amount and way of application – on nitrous oxide emissions from croplands by : Ulrike Lebender
Download or read book Effect of mineral N fertilizers – N form, amount and way of application – on nitrous oxide emissions from croplands written by Ulrike Lebender and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2014-07-24 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present work evaluated the effect of mineral nitrogen (N) fertilizer application during crop production on the potential risk of gaseous N loss in the form of nitrous oxide (N2O). Nitrous oxide (N2O) is an environmentally important atmospheric trace gas and contributes to the anthropogenic greenhouse effect. In addition, it is a precursor to photochemical nitric oxide (NO) production in the stratosphere which leads to stratospheric ozone depletion. Agriculture is considered to be the main source of anthropogenic N2O, with agricultural soils representing the single largest source due to nitrogen fertilizer applications during crop production. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of mineral N fertilizers (N form, amount, mode of application) on N2O emissions from fertilized croplands in north-west Germany. Therefore several field trials, one greenhouse pot experiment and two incubation experiments were conducted. Nitrous oxide fluxes were measured by means of the closed chamber method. The length of the experimental period varied between experiments from several weeks (42 days) up to one-year measurement campaigns. The amount of N2O emitted during the crop growth period depended on the N form applied as well as on the mode of application, and a linear relationship between cumulative N2O emissions and total N fertilizer amount applied was found.
