Universalismus Der Menschenrechte Und Kultureller Relativismus Islam

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Universalismus der Menschenrechte und kultureller Relativismus: Islam

Author : Tobias Senzig
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638312445
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (383 download)

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Book Synopsis Universalismus der Menschenrechte und kultureller Relativismus: Islam by : Tobias Senzig

Download or read book Universalismus der Menschenrechte und kultureller Relativismus: Islam written by Tobias Senzig and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2004-10-07 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2004 im Fachbereich Politik - Thema: Völkerrecht und Menschenrechte, Note: 2,3, Universität Trier, Veranstaltung: Proseminar "Politische Theorie und Ideengeschichte: Menschenrechte", Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Man hat sich einander mehrfach bekriegt, größtes Leid in beiden Reihen gesät, die Länder des Anderen ausgebeutet, und man kann das derzeitige Verhältnis zueinander wohl mit Fug und Recht als angespannt bezeichnen. Vor mehr als eintausend Jahren haben sich christlich-europäische und islamisch- orientalische Kultur zum ersten mal berührt und sind heute vielleicht weiter voneinander entfernt denn je. Die Nachrichten, die Europa aus der islamischen Welt erreichen, sind fast durchgehend schlechter Natur. Angefangen mit Selbstmordanschlägen in Israel über grausamsten Scharia- Strafvollzug im Sudan und den menschenverachtenden Gottesregime im ehemaligen Afghanistan der Taliban, setzte der 11. September 2001 nur den traurigen Höhepunkt. Die Idee der universalen Menschenrechte ist eine, die in einem westlichen Kulturkreis gewachsen ist. Und blickt der westliche Mensch oberflächig auf die islamischen Länder, so wird es ihm schwerfallen, diese seinen universalen Menschrechte durchgesetzt zu sehen. Nichtsdestotrotz waren viele islamische Länder in der Vergangenheit nicht nur bereit, die Allgemeine Menschenrechtserklärung der Vereinten Nationen zu ratifizieren, sie haben sogar eigene Ansätze kreiert und auf diesem Wege versucht, die Menschenrechte in ihre Kultur einzubinden. Das Ziel dieser theoretischen Arbeit ist es nun, herauszufinden, warum sich die Implementierung der Menschenrechte, die für einen großen Teil der Menschheit eine Selbstverständlichkeit darstellen, gerade in der islamischen Welt so schwer gestaltet, und wie es möglich ist, ihre Durchsetzung zu beschleunigen. Angefangen mit einer allgemeinen Einführung in die kulturrelativistische Debatte dieses Thema betreffend, wird anschließend die Geschichte und Ethik des Islams offengelegt, um schlußendlich die offensichtliche Problematik anhand der aktuellen Situation des Islams, seiner Politik und seiner Bedeutung einzugrenzen. Auf wirtschaftliche Faktoren, wie die zunehmende Globalisierung oder das für die arabische Großregion enorm wichtige Erdöl, wird weitestgehend nicht eingegangen, da sie den Rahmen dieser Arbeit sprengen würden.

Islamische Menschenrechte zwischen Universalismus und Relativismus. Ein gordischer Knoten?

Author : Dennis Giebeler
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656766266
Total Pages : 31 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (567 download)

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Book Synopsis Islamische Menschenrechte zwischen Universalismus und Relativismus. Ein gordischer Knoten? by : Dennis Giebeler

Download or read book Islamische Menschenrechte zwischen Universalismus und Relativismus. Ein gordischer Knoten? written by Dennis Giebeler and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2014-10-10 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2014 im Fachbereich Politik - Thema: Völkerrecht und Menschenrechte, Note: 1,3, Technische Universität Darmstadt (Politikwissenschaft), Veranstaltung: Menschenrechte und Demokratie, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Mit der Allgemeinen Erklärung der Menschenrechte von 1948 setzte sich ein Veränderungsprozess in Gang, der die Menschenrechtspolitik auf globaler und nationaler Ebene nachhaltig prägte. Unter dem Eindruck zweier Weltkriege wurden über die Vereinten Nationen (VN) die Basis für eine weltweit gültige Menschenrechtskonzeption geschaffen. Zwar wurden Menschenrechte schon weit vorher als gültig betrachtet – so beispielsweise in der amerikanischen Unabhängigkeitserklärung: „We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights“. Zusammen mit der Charta der VN von 1945 wurde durch die Allgemeine Erklärung der Menschenrechte jedoch der Startschuss für eine Verbreitung dieser Rechte gegeben, der vorangehende Ansätze deutlich übertraf. In den nachfolgenden Jahrzehnten wurden Menschenrechte auf globaler Ebene genauer definiert, weitere Erklärungen wurden abgegeben, Verträge wurden geschlossen, Sanktionsmechanismen wurden geschaffen und der Menschenrechtsbegriff erfuhr langfristig einen enormen Bedeutungsaufschwung in der internationalen Politik. Diese Entwicklungen wurden und werden von medialen Prozessen begleitet, in denen Menschenrechtsverletzungen weltweit aufgedeckt werden und die Kritik daran innerhalb kürzester Zeit über staatliche Grenzen hinweg Verbreitung finden kann. Gestützt wird diese Anprangerung der Verletzungen von global agierenden NGOs („Non-governmental Organizations“) wie Amnesty International. Es scheint – zumindest in der westlichen Hemisphäre – außer Frage zu ste-hen, dass die Menschenrechte unabhängig von Ort, Zeit, Trägern der Rechte und dessen Zugehörigkeit zu sozialen Gruppen oder Staatsgebilden Gültigkeit beanspruchen können. Die bereits geschilderte breite Beteiligung an Bestrebungen zum Schutz dieser Rechte auf globaler Ebene könnte als Indiz für diese Universalität gelten. Ein genauerer Blick aus empirischer Warte offenbart jedoch, dass die Bewertung von Menschenrechten auf internationaler Ebene deutlich komplexer ist. Die universalistische Konzeption sieht sich einer enormen Heterogenität entgegengestellt: Sie muss sich die Zustimmung verschiedener staatlicher Vertreter, Kulturen, Religionen, Zweckgemeinschaften und Individuen erarbeiten. Angesichts dieser Vielfalt erscheint ein Universalismus der Menschenrechte utopisch und es stellt sich die Frage, worauf dieser begründet sein könnte.

Islam and Human Rights

Author : Muhammad Zafrulla Khan
Publisher : Al-Shirkatul Islamiyyah the London Mosque
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Islam and Human Rights by : Muhammad Zafrulla Khan

Download or read book Islam and Human Rights written by Muhammad Zafrulla Khan and published by Al-Shirkatul Islamiyyah the London Mosque. This book was released on 1970 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Islam and Human Rights

Author : Ann Elizabeth Mayer
Publisher : Pinter Publishers
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Islam and Human Rights by : Ann Elizabeth Mayer

Download or read book Islam and Human Rights written by Ann Elizabeth Mayer and published by Pinter Publishers. This book was released on 1995 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contesting stereotypes about a supposedly monolithic Islam inherently incompatible with human rights, Mayer dissects the political motives behind the selective use of elements of the Islamic tradition by conservative groups opposed to democracy and human rights.

Islam, Liberalism and Human Rights

Author : Katerina Dalacoura
Publisher : I.B. Tauris
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Islam, Liberalism and Human Rights by : Katerina Dalacoura

Download or read book Islam, Liberalism and Human Rights written by Katerina Dalacoura and published by I.B. Tauris. This book was released on 1998-12-31 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are human rights universal or are they a Western value and therefore inappropriate and irrelevant for other cultures? With this volume, Katerina Dalacoura addresses the question of human rights in an international context.

Zwischen den Kulturen

Author : Wolfdietrich Schmied-Kowarzik
Publisher : kassel university press GmbH
ISBN 13 : 3899585925
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis Zwischen den Kulturen by : Wolfdietrich Schmied-Kowarzik

Download or read book Zwischen den Kulturen written by Wolfdietrich Schmied-Kowarzik and published by kassel university press GmbH. This book was released on 2012 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Ethics, Society, Politics

Author : Hajo Greif
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110336391
Total Pages : 602 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethics, Society, Politics by : Hajo Greif

Download or read book Ethics, Society, Politics written by Hajo Greif and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-10-30 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A real book on ethics, as Wittgenstein had it, if one could conceive it in the first place, would be the book to destroy all other books. Yet there is an increasing number of real-world discourses in which ethical values are mobilized as justifications for socio-political action while, in turn, moral problems are becoming a topic of political negotiation. Although it will be difficult to find systematic accounts of an absolute good or of absolute values in these debates, it is equally difficult to imagine them not being deeply informed by such considerations. Rather than merely adding to the corpus of applied ethics on the one hand or remaining in seemingly Wittgensteinian silence about ethics on the other, many contributions to this volume explore the reach of what can be said in ethical terms, while others provide critical discussions of what is being said in various fields of applied ethics and political philosophy under real-world power relations. This volume collects invited contributions from the 35th International Wittgenstein Symposium 2012 in Kirchberg am Wechsel, Austria. Authors include: Alice Crary, Peter Dabrock, Rom Harré, Agnes Heller, Jaakko Hintikka, Peter Koller, Anton Leist, Chantal Mouffe, Julian Nida-Rümelin, Hans Sluga, David Stern, Gianni Vattimo.

Human Rights and Relative Universalism

Author : Marie-Luisa Frick
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 303010785X
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Rights and Relative Universalism by : Marie-Luisa Frick

Download or read book Human Rights and Relative Universalism written by Marie-Luisa Frick and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-31 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book argues that human rights cannot go global without going local. This important lesson from the winding debates on universalism and particularism raises intricate questions: what are human rights after all, given the dissent surrounding their foundations, content, and scope? What are legitimate deviances from classical human rights (law) and where should we draw “red lines”? Making a case for balancing conceptual openness and distinctness, this book addresses the key human rights issues of our time and opens up novel spaces for deliberation. It engages philosophical reasoning with law, politics, and religion and demonstrates that a meaningful relativist account of human rights is not only possible, but a sorely needed antidote to dogmatism and polarization.

On Dialogue

Author : David Bohm
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134750501
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (347 download)

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Book Synopsis On Dialogue by : David Bohm

Download or read book On Dialogue written by David Bohm and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Never before has there been a greater need for deeper listening and more open communication to cope with the complex problems facing our organizations, businesses and societies. Renowned scientist David Bohm believed there was a better way for humanity to discover meaning and to achieve harmony. He identified creative dialogue, a sharing of assumptions and understanding, as a means by which the individual, and society as a whole, can learn more about themselves and others, and achieve a renewed sense of purpose.

From Globalization to World Society

Author : Boris Holzer
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317679997
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis From Globalization to World Society by : Boris Holzer

Download or read book From Globalization to World Society written by Boris Holzer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-08-01 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1970s, various sociological approaches have tried to understand and conceptualize "the global," yet few of them have systematically addressed the full spectrum of social relationships. Prominent exponents of the global approach - such as world systems analysis - instead have focused on particular domains such as politics or the economy. Under the label of "world society," however, some authors have suggested alternatives to the predominant equivocation of society and the nation-state. The contributions to this volume share that objective and take their point of departure from the two most ambitious projects of a theory of world society: world polity research and systems theory, mapping out the common ground and assessing their potential to inform empirical analyses of globalization.

The Persistent Power of Human Rights

Author : Thomas Risse
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107028930
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis The Persistent Power of Human Rights by : Thomas Risse

Download or read book The Persistent Power of Human Rights written by Thomas Risse and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a unique combination of quantitative and qualitative research arguing for the persistent power of human rights norms.

Decolonization and the Evolution of International Human Rights

Author : Roland Burke
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812205324
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Decolonization and the Evolution of International Human Rights by : Roland Burke

Download or read book Decolonization and the Evolution of International Human Rights written by Roland Burke and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2011-06-06 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the decades following the triumphant proclamation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, the UN General Assembly was transformed by the arrival of newly independent states from Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. This diverse constellation of states introduced new ideas, methods, and priorities to the human rights program. Their influence was magnified by the highly effective nature of Asian, Arab, and African diplomacy in the UN human rights bodies and the sheer numerical superiority of the so-called Afro-Asian bloc. Owing to the nature of General Assembly procedure, the Third World states dominated the human rights agenda, and enthusiastic support for universal human rights was replaced by decades of authoritarianism and an increasingly strident rejection of the ideas laid out in the Universal Declaration. In Decolonization and the Evolution of International Human Rights, Roland Burke explores the changing impact of decolonization on the UN human rights program. By recovering the contributions of those Asian, African, and Arab voices that joined the global rights debate, Burke demonstrates the central importance of Third World influence across the most pivotal battles in the United Nations, from those that secured the principle of universality, to the passage of the first binding human rights treaties, to the flawed but radical step of studying individual pleas for help. The very presence of so many independent voices from outside the West, and the often defensive nature of Western interventions, complicates the common presumption that the postwar human rights project was driven by Europe and the United States. Drawing on UN transcripts, archives, and the personal papers of key historical actors, this book challenges the notion that the international rights order was imposed on an unwilling and marginalized Third World. Far from being excluded, Asian, African, and Middle Eastern diplomats were powerful agents in both advancing and later obstructing the promotion of human rights.

Making Human Rights a Reality

Author : Emilie M. Hafner-Burton
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400846285
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Making Human Rights a Reality by : Emilie M. Hafner-Burton

Download or read book Making Human Rights a Reality written by Emilie M. Hafner-Burton and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2013-03-21 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last six decades, one of the most striking developments in international law is the emergence of a massive body of legal norms and procedures aimed at protecting human rights. In many countries, though, there is little relationship between international law and the actual protection of human rights on the ground. Making Human Rights a Reality takes a fresh look at why it's been so hard for international law to have much impact in parts of the world where human rights are most at risk. Emilie Hafner-Burton argues that more progress is possible if human rights promoters work strategically with the group of states that have dedicated resources to human rights protection. These human rights "stewards" can focus their resources on places where the tangible benefits to human rights are greatest. Success will require setting priorities as well as engaging local stakeholders such as nongovernmental organizations and national human rights institutions. To date, promoters of international human rights law have relied too heavily on setting universal goals and procedures and not enough on assessing what actually works and setting priorities. Hafner-Burton illustrates how, with a different strategy, human rights stewards can make international law more effective and also safeguard human rights for more of the world population.

Island Rivers

Author : John R. Wagner
Publisher : ANU Press
ISBN 13 : 1760462179
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Island Rivers by : John R. Wagner

Download or read book Island Rivers written by John R. Wagner and published by ANU Press. This book was released on 2018-06-19 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anthropologists have written a great deal about the coastal adaptations and seafaring traditions of Pacific Islanders, but have had much less to say about the significance of rivers for Pacific island culture, livelihood and identity. The authors of this collection seek to fill that gap in the ethnographic record by drawing attention to the deep historical attachments of island communities to rivers, and the ways in which those attachments are changing in response to various forms of economic development and social change. In addition to making a unique contribution to Pacific island ethnography, the authors of this volume speak to a global set of issues of immense importance to a world in which water scarcity, conflict, pollution and the degradation of riparian environments afflict growing numbers of people. Several authors take a political ecology approach to their topic, but the emphasis here is less on hydro-politics than on the cultural meaning of rivers to the communities we describe. How has the cultural significance of rivers shifted as a result of colonisation, development and nation-building? How do people whose identities are fundamentally rooted in their relationship to a particular river renegotiate that relationship when the river is dammed to generate hydro-power or polluted by mining activities? How do blockages in the flow of rivers and underground springs interrupt the intergenerational transmission of local ecological knowledge and hence the ability of local communities to construct collective identities rooted in a sense of place?

Present-Day Spiritualities

Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004260064
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Present-Day Spiritualities by :

Download or read book Present-Day Spiritualities written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2013-10-10 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many forms of present-day Western spirituality contribute to people’s well-being, whereas others have raised criticism. The study of these different forms is, however, complicated by their continuously diverging practices and ideas. By bringing to bear a multidisciplinary approach, the ten specialists of this volume are able to analyze diverse new instances of spirituality, e.g. in religious contexts (Buddhism, Christianity), popular use, organizations and enterprises, (alternative) health service, and works of art. Most contributions also discuss methods and theories. In their editorial chapters, Elisabeth Hense, Frans Jespers and Peter Nissen show the remarkable overlaps in the approaches, definitions and evaluations of the contributions in this volume and provide a theoretical framework. Both the fresh analyses and the theoretical reflections in this volume point the way to new approaches in this field of study. Contributors include: Jerry Biberman, Mark Elliott, Miguel Farias, Johan Goud, Paul Heelas, Elisabeth Hense, Frans Jespers, Hubert Knoblauch, Peter Nissen, Paul van der Velde

The Ambivalence of Good

Author : Jan Eckel
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191086118
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ambivalence of Good by : Jan Eckel

Download or read book The Ambivalence of Good written by Jan Eckel and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-04-11 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ambivalence of Good examines the genesis and evolution of international human rights politics since the 1940s. Focusing on key developments such as the shaping of the UN human rights system, decolonization, the rise of Amnesty International, the campaigns against the Pinochet dictatorship, the moral politics of Western governments, or dissidence in Eastern Europe, the book traces how human rights profoundly, if subtly, transformed global affairs. Moving beyond monocausal explanations and narratives prioritizing one particular decade, such as the 1940s or the 1970s, The Ambivalence of Good argues that we need a complex and nuanced interpretation if we want to understand the truly global reach of human rights, and account for the hopes, conflicts, and interventions to which this idea gave rise. Thus, it portrays the story of human rights as polycentric, demonstrating how actors in various locales imbued them with widely different meanings, arguing that the political field evolved in a fitful and discontinuous process. This process was shaped by consequential shifts that emerged from the search for a new world order during the Second World War, decolonization, the desire to introduce a new political morality into world affairs during the 1970s, and the visions of a peaceful international order after the end of the Cold War. Finally, the book stresses that the projects pursued in the name of human rights nonetheless proved highly ambivalent. Self-interest was as strong a driving force as was the desire to help people in need, and while international campaigns often improved the fate of the persecuted, they were equally likely to have counterproductive effects. The Ambivalence of Good provides the first research-based synopsis of the topic and one of the first synthetic studies of a transnational political field (such as population, health, or the environment) during the twentieth century. Based on archival research in six countries, it breaks new empirical ground concerning the history of human rights in the United Nations, of human rights NGOs, of far-flung mobilizations, and of the uses of human rights in state foreign policy.

Charting Transnational Fields

Author : Christian Schmidt-Wellenburg
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000040674
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Charting Transnational Fields by : Christian Schmidt-Wellenburg

Download or read book Charting Transnational Fields written by Christian Schmidt-Wellenburg and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-02-25 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume provides a field-analytical methodology for researching knowledge-based sociopolitical processes of transnationalization. Drawing on seminal work by Pierre Bourdieu, we apply concepts of practice, habitus, and field to phenomena such as cross-national social trajectories, international procedures of evaluation, standardization, and certification, or supranational political structures. These transnational phenomena form part of general political struggles that legitimate social relationships in and beyond the nation-state. Part 1 on methodological foundations discusses the consequences of Bourdieu’s epistemology and methodology for theorizing and investigating transnational phenomena. The contributions show the importance of field-theoretical concepts for post-national insights. Part 2 on investigating political fields presents exemplary case studies in diverse research areas such as colonial imperialism, international academic rankings, European policy fields, and local school policy. While focusing on their research objects, the contributions also give an insight into the mechanisms involved in processes of transnationalization. The volume is an invitation for sociologists, political scientists, and scholars in adjacent research areas to engage with reflexive and relational research practice and to further develop field-theoretical thought.