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Universalism Relativism And Intercultural Philosophy
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Author :Joseph A. Agbakoba Publisher :Council for Research in Values and Philosophy ISBN 13 :9781565183162 Total Pages : pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (831 download)
Book Synopsis Universalism, Relativism, and Intercultural Philosophy by : Joseph A. Agbakoba
Download or read book Universalism, Relativism, and Intercultural Philosophy written by Joseph A. Agbakoba and published by Council for Research in Values and Philosophy. This book was released on 2016-05-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Relativism and Human Rights by : Claudio Corradetti
Download or read book Relativism and Human Rights written by Claudio Corradetti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-15 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When he nished writing, he raised his eyes and looked at me. From that day I have thought about Doktor Pannwitz many times and in many ways. I have asked myself how he really functioned as a man; how he lled his time, outside of the Polymerization and the Indo- Germanic conscience; above all when I was once more a free man, I wanted to meet him again, not from a spirit of revenge, but merely from a personal curiosity about the human soul. Because that look was not one between two men; and if I had known how completely to explain the nature of that look, which came as if across the glass window of an aquarium between two beings who live in different worlds, I would also have explained the essence of the great insanity of the third Germany. PRIMO LEVI [If this is a man, pp. 111–112, in, If this is a man and The truce, trans. S. Woolf, Abacus, London, 1987] If all propositions, even the contingent ones, are resolved into identical propositions, are they not all necessary? My answer is: certainly not. For even if it is certain that what is more perfect is what will exist, the less perfect is nevertheless still possible. In propositions of fact, existence is involved. LEIBNIZ [Samtlic ̈ he schriften und briefe vol VI pt 4 Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1449A VI 4] We live in a rule-constrained world.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Comparative and Intercultural Philosophy by : Lin Ma
Download or read book Fundamentals of Comparative and Intercultural Philosophy written by Lin Ma and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 2016-03-25 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the conditions of possibility for intercultural and comparative philosophy, and for crosscultural communication at large. This innovative book explores the preconditions necessary for intercultural and comparative philosophy. Philosophical practices that involve at least two different traditions with no common heritage and whose languages have very different grammatical structure, such as Indo-Germanic languages and classical Chinese, are a particular focus. Lin Ma and Jaap van Brakel look at the necessary and not-so-necessary conditions of possibility of interpretation, comparison, and other forms of interaction and how we can speak of similarities and differences in this context. The authors posit that it is necessary to dissolve the question of universalism versus relativism by replacing the ideal language paradigm with a paradigm of family resemblances and that it is not necessary to share a common language to engage in comparison. Numerous case studies are presented, including many comparisons of Western and Chinese concepts.
Book Synopsis Ethical Relativism and Universalism by : Saral Jhingran
Download or read book Ethical Relativism and Universalism written by Saral Jhingran and published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishe. This book was released on 2001 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present work addresses itself to one of the most hotly debated issues in contemporary ethics-relativism. Relativism has become a formidable argument in Western socio-moral thought under the impact of postmodern writings. The author presents a detailed critique of various relativist and postmodernist theses, without rejecting some of their empirically justified observations. She underscores the fact that the intercultural communication which has been going on since time immemorial puts a question mark to the postmodernist theories of indeterminacy of translation, incommensurability of various conceptual frameworks etc. The author supports cognitivism in ethics according to which the moral properties of the object of moral judgement do in some way determine or `cause` that judgment. This view is not to be confused with any realist ontological commitment. She asserts that universalizability is the necessary condition of all rational judgments, including the moral ones. The author also discusses the relationship between self and others; and in this context she draws upon the insights of ancient Indian thinkers. She proposes that minimum moral principles and maxims can be agreed upon through reasoning and intercultural discourse.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Comparative and in P by : Lin Ma
Download or read book Fundamentals of Comparative and in P written by Lin Ma and published by SUNY Series in Chinese Philoso. This book was released on 2017-01-02 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This innovative book explores the preconditions necessary for intercultural and comparative philosophy. Philosophical practices that involve at least two different traditions with no common heritage and whose languages have very different grammatical structure, such as Indo-Germanic languages and classical Chinese, are a particular focus. Lin Ma and Jaap van Brakel look at the necessary and not-so-necessary conditions of possibility of interpretation, comparison, and other forms of interaction and how we can speak of similarities and differences in this context. The authors posit that it is necessary to dissolve the question of universalism versus relativism by replacing the ideal language paradigm with a paradigm of family resemblances and that it is not necessary to share a common language to engage in comparison. Numerous case studies are presented, including many comparisons of Western and Chinese concepts.
Book Synopsis Intercultural Management Between Universalism and Relativism by : Horst Steinmann
Download or read book Intercultural Management Between Universalism and Relativism written by Horst Steinmann and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper we discuss the ethical challenges of Multinational Corporations operating in various cultures with different social expectations and ethical values. We analyse the various responses of political institutions, religious organizations, and business practice to this challenge. Next we review the contribution of management literature to the resolution of this problem. In particular, we analyse the Integrative Social Contracts Theory of Donaldson and Dunfee. We discuss the philosophical problems of universalism and relativism of ethical standards and develop a culturalist perspective based on the constructivist approach of recent German philosophy. Finally, we outline the implications for management research and practice.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Comparative and Intercultural Philosophy by : Lin Ma
Download or read book Fundamentals of Comparative and Intercultural Philosophy written by Lin Ma and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2016-03-25 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This innovative book explores the preconditions necessary for intercultural and comparative philosophy. Philosophical practices that involve at least two different traditions with no common heritage and whose languages have very different grammatical structure, such as Indo-Germanic languages and classical Chinese, are a particular focus. Lin Ma and Jaap van Brakel look at the necessary and not-so-necessary conditions of possibility of interpretation, comparison, and other forms of interaction and how we can speak of similarities and differences in this context. The authors posit that it is necessary to dissolve the question of universalism versus relativism by replacing the ideal language paradigm with a paradigm of family resemblances and that it is not necessary to share a common language to engage in comparison. Numerous case studies are presented, including many comparisons of Western and Chinese concepts.
Book Synopsis Beyond Universalism and Relativism by : Andreas Georg Scherer
Download or read book Beyond Universalism and Relativism written by Andreas Georg Scherer and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this paper is to analyze Jürgen Habermas's contribution to the philosophical debate on universalism and relativism, and to consider its implications for organization studies and organizations operating in an intercultural environment. What is at issue in these discussions is whether and in what way a universal justification of reason and rationality can be achieved in the light of the pluralism of existing norms, values, and life-styles in the social world. Proponents of a universalistic perspective argue in the tradition of Kant and the Enlightenment, stressing the idea of a unity of practical reason. In contrast, proponents of a relativistic perspective are sceptical of this idea of a universal conception of reason and advocate a pluralism of cultures and forms of social life. Hence the label “relativism” stands for the understanding that concepts of reason and rationality are historically and culturally contingent, and cannot be justified transculturally or applied to radically different cultures (see Habermas, 1994: 135 ff.). The critics of a universalistic perspective formulate two reservations: (1) the advancement of a universal concept of reason represents an act of domination of a particular perspective and leads to an unjustifiable suppression of the pluralism of cultures and forms of life (e.g. Foucault, 1980). (2) The validity and acceptability of a theoretical or philosophical claim can only be judged within the particular set of rules of the culture and form of life in which it is embedded (e.g. Lyotard, 1984; Lyotard, 1992; Rorty, 1989; Rorty, 1990). In the following we will describe the critique of a universal concept of reason that has been forwarded by sceptical and postmodern philosophers. As a response to this we will both outline the contribution of discourse ethics and analyze the theories of Karl-Otto Apel and Jürgen Habermas. Habermas and his Frankfurt colleague Apel developed an interesting alternative to the relativistic position. We will analyze the justification of discourse ethics and will also point out some problems in its argumentative logic. In the light of this critique, we will outline some characteristics of an intercultural ethics that is based on constructivist philosophy and point to some encouraging prospects on the consolidation of the debate between relativistic and universalistic philosophers.
Book Synopsis Return from the Natives by : Peter Mandler
Download or read book Return from the Natives written by Peter Mandler and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2013-05-07 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part intellectual biography, part cultural history and part history of human sciences, this fascinating volume follows renowned anthropologist Margaret Mead and her colleagues as they showed that anthropology could tackle the psychology of the most complex, modern societies in ways useful for waging the Second World War.
Book Synopsis Cultural Universals and Particulars by : Kwasi Wiredu
Download or read book Cultural Universals and Particulars written by Kwasi Wiredu and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Wiredu's discussion of culturally defined values and concepts, as well as his attention to such timely issues as human rights, makes this book invaluable interdisciplinary reading." —D. A. Masolo Ghanaian philosopher Kwasi Wiredu confronts the paradox that while Western cultures recoil from claims of universality, previously colonized peoples, seeking to redefine their identities, insist on cultural particularities. Wiredu asserts that universals, rightly conceived on the basis of our common biological identity, are not incompatible with cultural particularities and, in fact, are what make intercultural communication possible. Drawing on aspects of Akan thought that appear to diverge from Western conceptions in the areas of ethics and metaphysics, Wiredu calls for a just reappraisal of these disparities, free of thought patterns corrupted by a colonial mentality. Wiredu's exposition of the principles of African traditional philosophy is not purely theoretical; he shows how certain aspects of African political thought may be applied to the practical resolution of some of Africa's most pressing problems.
Book Synopsis To Re-Enchant the World by : Richard Grigg
Download or read book To Re-Enchant the World written by Richard Grigg and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2004-12-20 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the seventeenth century, Western culture has been undergoing what historians and sociologists call secularization, the process via which religious institutions lose more and more of their power in society. Whereas Western society was once held together by the Christian Church, it is now held together by the rational procedures dictated by modern capitalism. But the rules of capitalism, whether ultimately helpful or harmful to our society’s development, are not values or spiritual principles. Instead, they are simply technical dicta about the most efficient means to an economic end. One visible aspect of the process of secularization is the weakening, and perhaps eventual withering away, of traditional religious institutions. This process is already fully visible in Western Europe, and is evident, on a more subterranean level, in American society as well. Secularization threatens to “disenchant” the world (Max Weber), to cut us off from the sense of the sacred and of Mystery. But the withering of the old religious institutions does not mean that religion and spirituality themselves will simply disappear. Rather, they can take on new forms, as is evident in the New Age movement in American society. Yet, there is a difficulty with New Age sorts of spiritualities when compared with the old-time religion: these new spiritualities tend to be very individualistic, if not idiosyncratic. Sociologists point out that our spiritual practices will never appear fully real to us unless they have inter-subjective validity, unless they are supported by a social “plausibility structure” (Peter Berger). That is, my view of the world has the aura of reality as long as most of the people around me acknowledge that view and reinforce it. But individualistic New Age pieties seem to have no such social reinforcement underpinning them. Hence the central argument of To Re-Enchant the World: the Unitarian Universalist community accomplishes the unique task of re-enchanting the world by bringing a host of individual spiritualities into a single community where all of them are affirmed and thus granted social plausibility. The U.U. community, then, is a particularly powerful site for the re-enchantment of the world: it puts us back in touch with the sacred and with what the book labels the Mysterious Depth of reality. While Unitarian Universalists can bring many different spiritual ways into the U.U. community, five are analyzed in depth in the book, namely, humanism, a focus on nature, engagement with the arts, commitment to social justice, and devotion to a Source/Creative Abyss of the universe. The book also considers rituals common to the U.U. community and the experience of sacred space, sacred time, and sacred word in that community. Finally, To Re-Enchant the World makes some predictions about the future of Unitarian Universalism and even touches on the delicate issue of U.U. proselytizing. The book as a whole attempts to present a philosophical analysis of Unitarian Universalism that draws upon the most important intellectual currents in contemporary Western culture. The book operates with the conviction that while other American religious denominations can have their “systematic theologies,” there is no reason why Unitarian Universalists cannot have philosophies of U.U. pluralism.
Book Synopsis Methods and Assessment in Culture and Psychology by : Michael Bender
Download or read book Methods and Assessment in Culture and Psychology written by Michael Bender and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-18 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cross-cultural studies require sound methodology and psychometrics. This book outlines advances in assessment from many expert perspectives.
Book Synopsis Chinese and Buddhist Philosophy in Early Twentieth-Century German Thought by : Eric S. Nelson
Download or read book Chinese and Buddhist Philosophy in Early Twentieth-Century German Thought written by Eric S. Nelson and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-08-24 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting a comprehensive portrayal of the reading of Chinese and Buddhist philosophy in early twentieth-century German thought, Chinese and Buddhist Philosophy in Early Twentieth-Century German Thought examines the implications of these readings for contemporary issues in comparative and intercultural philosophy. Through a series of case studies from the late 19th-century and early 20th-century, Eric Nelson focuses on the reception and uses of Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism in German philosophy, covering figures as diverse as Buber, Heidegger, and Misch. He argues that the growing intertextuality between traditions cannot be appropriately interpreted through notions of exclusive identities, closed horizons, or unitary traditions. Providing an account of the context, motivations, and hermeneutical strategies of early twentieth-century European thinkers' interpretation of Asian philosophy, Nelson also throws new light on the question of the relation between Heidegger and Asian philosophy. Reflecting the growing interest in the possibility of intercultural and global philosophy, Chinese and Buddhist Philosophy in Early Twentieth-Century German Thought opens up the possibility of a more inclusive intercultural conception of philosophy.
Book Synopsis The Elements of Moral Philosophy 7e by : James Rachels
Download or read book The Elements of Moral Philosophy 7e written by James Rachels and published by McGraw Hill. This book was released on 2012-03-16 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Firmly established as the standard text for undergraduate courses in ethics, James Rachels and Stuart Rachels’ The Elements of Moral Philosophy introduces readers to major moral concepts and theories through eloquent explanations and compelling, thought-provoking discussions.
Book Synopsis Human Rights with Modesty: The Problem of Universalism by : András Sajó
Download or read book Human Rights with Modesty: The Problem of Universalism written by András Sajó and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-11 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume considers the problem of legal universals at the level of the rule of law and human rights, which have fundamentally different pedigrees, and attempts to come to terms with the new unease arising from the universal application of human rights. Given the juridicization of human rights, rule of law and human rights expectations have become significantly intertwined: human rights are enforced with the instruments of the rule of law and are thus limited by the restricted reach thereof. The first section of this volume considers the difficulties of universalistic claims and offers a number of possible solutions for adapting universal expectations to specific contexts. The second section considers problems of human rights politics; sections three and four present empirical studies about the appearance and disappearance of the rule of law and fundamental rights in Western and non-Western societies. Special attention is paid to the problems of developing countries, with a specific focus on past and present developments in Iran. These empirical studies indicate that the acceptance of human rights and the rule of law is historically contingent and cannot simply be considered as a matter of culture.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Critical Psychology by : Thomas Teo
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Critical Psychology written by Thomas Teo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-01-31 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encyclopedia of Critical Psychology is a comprehensive reference work and is the first reference work in English that comprehensively looks at psychological topics from critical as well as international points of view. Thus, it will appeal to all committed to a critical approach across the Encyclopedia of Critical Psychology, for alternative analyses of psychological events, processes, and practices. The Encyclopedia of Critical Psychology provides commentary from expert critical psychologists from around the globe who will compose the entries. The Encyclopedia of Critical Psychology will feature approximately 1,000 invited entries, organized in an easy to use A-Z format. The encyclopedia will be compiled under the direction of the editor who has published widely in the field of critical psychology and due to his international involvements is knowledgeable about the status of critical psychology around the world. The expert contributors will summarize current critical-psychological knowledge and discuss significant topics from a global perspective.
Book Synopsis Kyoto in Davos. Intercultural Readings of the Cassirer-Heidegger Debate by :
Download or read book Kyoto in Davos. Intercultural Readings of the Cassirer-Heidegger Debate written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-12-28 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What does it mean to be human? We invite the reader to discuss this most fundamental issue in philosophy and to do so in an intercultural framework. The question of the human was the starting point for a legendary discussion between two German philosophers who met in Davos in 1929. We return to this historical event and re-imagine the debate between Martin Heidegger and Ernst Cassirer from a global perspective. Generating twenty papers from elaborate discussions, our authors contribute to the thought experiment by inviting the Japanese philosopher Nishida Kitarō from Kyoto and other Japanese thinkers into the debate to overcome the challenge of Eurocentrism inherent to these historic days in Davos.
