Underlying Representations

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Underlying Representations

Author : Martin Krämer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139560166
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (395 download)

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Book Synopsis Underlying Representations by : Martin Krämer

Download or read book Underlying Representations written by Martin Krämer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-16 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the heart of generative phonology lies the assumption that the sounds of every language have abstract underlying representations, which undergo various changes in order to generate the 'surface' representations; that is, the sounds we actually pronounce. The existence, status and form of underlying representations have been hotly debated in phonological research since the introduction of the phoneme in the nineteenth century. This book provides a comprehensive overview of theories of the mental representation of the sounds of language. How does the mind store and process phonological representations? Krämer surveys the development of the concept of underlying representation over the last 100 years or so within the field of generative phonology. He considers phonological patterns, psycholinguistic experiments, statistical generalisations over data corpora and phenomena such as hypercorrection. The book offers a new understanding of contrastive features and proposes a modification of the optimality-theoretic approach to the generation of underlying representations.

Underlying Representations

Author : Martin Krämer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521192773
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (211 download)

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Book Synopsis Underlying Representations by : Martin Krämer

Download or read book Underlying Representations written by Martin Krämer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-16 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of theories of the mental representation of the sounds of language.

Emergent phonology

Author : Diana Archangeli
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 3961103356
Total Pages : 207 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis Emergent phonology by : Diana Archangeli

Download or read book Emergent phonology written by Diana Archangeli and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To what extent do complex phonological patterns require the postulation of universal mechanisms specific to language? In this volume, we explore the Emergent Hypothesis, that the innate language-specific faculty driving the shape of adult grammars is minimal, with grammar development relying instead on cognitive capacities of a general nature. Generalisations about sounds, and about the way sounds are organised into meaningful units, are constructed in a bottom-up fashion: As such, phonology is emergent. We present arguments for considering the Emergent Hypothesis, both conceptually and by working through an extended example in order to demonstrate how an adult grammar might emerge from the input encountered by a learner. Developing a concrete, data-driven approach, we argue that the conventional, abstract notion of unique underlying representations is unmotivated; such underlying representations would require some innate principle to ensure their postulation by a learner. We review the history of the concept and show that such postulated forms result in undesirable phonological consequences. We work through several case studies to illustrate how various types of phonological patterns might be accounted for in the proposed framework. The case studies illustrate patterns of allophony, of productive and unproductive patterns of alternation, and cases where the surface manifestation of a feature does not seem to correspond to its morphological source. We consider cases where a phonetic distinction that is binary seems to manifest itself in a way that is morphologically ternary, and we consider cases where underlying representations of considerable abstractness have been posited in previous frameworks. We also consider cases of opacity, where observed phonological properties do not neatly map onto the phonological generalisations governing patterns of alternation.

The Mechanisms Underlying the Human Minimal Self

Author : Verena V. Hafner
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889766608
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis The Mechanisms Underlying the Human Minimal Self by : Verena V. Hafner

Download or read book The Mechanisms Underlying the Human Minimal Self written by Verena V. Hafner and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-07-29 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Lexical Representation

Author : Gareth Gaskell
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110224933
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Lexical Representation by : Gareth Gaskell

Download or read book Lexical Representation written by Gareth Gaskell and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-05-26 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes the work of experts from a wide range of backgrounds who share the desire to understand how the human brain represents words. The focus of the volume is on the nature and structure of word forms and morphemes, the processes operating on the speech input to gain access to lexical representations, the modeling and acquisition of these processes, and on the neural underpinnings of lexical representation and process.

Tone in Yongning~Na

Author : Alexis Michaud
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 3946234860
Total Pages : 613 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (462 download)

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Book Synopsis Tone in Yongning~Na by : Alexis Michaud

Download or read book Tone in Yongning~Na written by Alexis Michaud and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2017-04-26 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Yongning Na, also known as Mosuo, is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken in Southwest China. This book provides a description and analysis of its tone system, progressing from lexical tones towards morphotonology. Tonal changes permeate numerous aspects of the morphosyntax of Yongning Na; they are not the product of a small set of phonological rules, but of a host of rules that are restricted to specific morphosyntactic contexts. Rich morphotonological systems have been reported in this area of Sino-Tibetan, but book-length descriptions remain few. This study of an endangered language contributes to a better understanding of the diversity of prosodic systems in East Asia. The analysis is based on original fieldwork data (made available online), collected over the course of ten years, commencing in 2006.

Accent and Syllable Structure in Passamaquoddy

Author : Philip S. LeSourd
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 9780815302131
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (21 download)

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Book Synopsis Accent and Syllable Structure in Passamaquoddy by : Philip S. LeSourd

Download or read book Accent and Syllable Structure in Passamaquoddy written by Philip S. LeSourd and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1993 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1993. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Phonology for Communication Disorders

Author : Martin J. Ball
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317716833
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Phonology for Communication Disorders by : Martin J. Ball

Download or read book Phonology for Communication Disorders written by Martin J. Ball and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-02-25 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook describes the approaches to phonology that are most relevant to communication disorders. It examines schools of thought in theoretical phonology, and their relevance to description, explanation and remediation in the clinical context. A recurring theme throughout the book is the distinction between phonological theories that attempt elegant, parsimonious descriptions of phonological data, and those that attempt to provide a psycholinguistic model of speech production and perception. This book introduces all the relevant areas of phonology to the students and practitioners of speech-language pathology and is a companion volume to the authors’ Phonetics for Communication Disorders.

Principles of Clinical Phonology

Author : Martin J. Ball
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317368762
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Clinical Phonology by : Martin J. Ball

Download or read book Principles of Clinical Phonology written by Martin J. Ball and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2015-10-08 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Those working on the description of disordered speech are bound to be also involved with clinical phonology to some extent. This is because interpreting the speech signal is only the first step to an analysis. Describing the organization and function of a speech system is the next step. However, it is here that phonologists differ in their descriptions, as there are many current approaches in modern linguistics to undertaking phonological analyses of both normal and disordered speech. Much of the work in theoretical phonology of the last fifty years or so is of little use in either describing disordered speech or explaining it. This is because the dominant theoretical approach in linguists as a whole attempts elegant descriptions of linguistic data, not a psycholinguistic model of what speakers do when they speak. The latter is what is needed in clinical phonology. In this text, Martin J. Ball addresses these issues in an investigation of what principles should underlie a clinical phonology. This is not, however, simply another manual on how to do phonological analyses of disordered speech data, though examples of the application of various models of phonology to such data are provided. Nor is this a guide on how to do therapy, though a chapter on applications is included. Rather, this is an exploration of what theoretical underpinnings are best suited to describing, classifying, and treating the wide range of developmental and acquired speech disorders encountered in the speech-language pathology clinic.

The Cambridge Handbook of Romance Linguistics

Author : Adam Ledgeway
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108602797
Total Pages : 1169 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Romance Linguistics by : Adam Ledgeway

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Romance Linguistics written by Adam Ledgeway and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-07-07 with total page 1169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Romance languages and dialects constitute a treasure trove of linguistic data of profound interest and significance. Data from the Romance languages have contributed extensively to our current empirical and theoretical understanding of phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, sociolinguistics, and historical linguistics. Written by a team of world-renowned scholars, this Handbook explores what we can learn about linguistics from the study of Romance languages, and how the body of comparative and historical data taken from them can be applied to linguistic study. It also offers insights into the diatopic and diachronic variation exhibited by the Romance family of languages, of a kind unparalleled for any other Western languages. By asking what Romance languages can do for linguistics, this Handbook is essential reading for all linguists interested in the insights that a knowledge of the Romance evidence can provide for general issues in linguistic theory.

Introduction to English Derivational Morphology

Author : Theodore M. Lightner
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 902728041X
Total Pages : 575 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to English Derivational Morphology by : Theodore M. Lightner

Download or read book Introduction to English Derivational Morphology written by Theodore M. Lightner and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1983-01-01 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to give an indication of the extent of derivational morphology in English; of how much immanent, internal structure must be presumed for words -- even apparently simplex ones. This is done by showing that three (morpho-)phonological processes which tend to hide surface sound-meaning relationships must be taken into account when constructing a synchronic grammar of Modern English: ablaut, obstruent shift, and vowel shift.

Foundations of Reading Acquisition and Dyslexia

Author : Benita A. Blachman
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135689520
Total Pages : 471 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Foundations of Reading Acquisition and Dyslexia by : Benita A. Blachman

Download or read book Foundations of Reading Acquisition and Dyslexia written by Benita A. Blachman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chapters in this volume are based on presentations made at a recent conference on cognitive and linguistic foundations of reading acquisition. The researchers who participated have all made contributions to the theoretical and empirical understanding of how children learn to read. They were asked to address not only what they have learned from their research, but also to discuss unsolved problems. This dialogue prompted numerous questions of both a theoretical and applied nature, generated heated debate, and fueled optimism about the important gains that have been made in the scientific understanding of the reading process, especially of the critical role played by phonological abilities.

Experienced Cognition

Author : Richard A. Carlson
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135693099
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Experienced Cognition by : Richard A. Carlson

Download or read book Experienced Cognition written by Richard A. Carlson and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1997-09-01 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a theoretical framework for understanding consciousness and learning. Drawing on work in cognitive psychology and philosophy, this framework begins with the observation that to be conscious is literally to have a point of view. From this starting point, the book develops a descriptive scheme that allows perceptual, symbolic, and emotional awareness to be discussed in common theoretical terms, compatible with a computational view of the mind. A central theme is our experience of ourselves as agents, consciously controlling activities situated in environments. In contrast to previous theories of consciousness, the experienced cognition framework emphasizes the changes in conscious control as individuals acquire skills. The book is divided into four parts. The first introduces the central themes and places them in the context of information-processing theory and empirical research on cognitive skill. The second develops the theoretical framework, emphasizing the unity of perceptual, symbolic, and emotional awareness and the relation of conscious to nonconscious processes. The third applies the experienced cognition framework to a variety of topics in cognitive psychology, including working memory, problem solving, and reasoning. It also includes discussions of everyday action, skill, and expertise, focusing on changes in conscious control with increasing fluency. The last concludes the book by evaluating the recent debate on the "cognitive unconscious" and implicit cognition from the perspective of experienced cognition, and considering the prospects for a cognitive psychology focused on persons. This book addresses many of the issues raised in philosophical treatments of consciousness from the point of view of empirical cognitive psychology. For example, the structure of conscious mental states is addressed by considering how to describe them in terms of variables suitable for information-processing theory. Understanding conscious states in this way also provides a basis for developing empirical hypotheses, for example, about the relation of emotion and cognition, about the apparent "mindlessness" of skilled activity, and about the nature and role of goals in guiding activity. Criticisms of the computational view of mind are addressed by showing that the role of first-person perspectives in cognition can be described and investigated in theoretical terms compatible with a broadly-conceived information-processing theory of cognition.

Phonology

Author : Mary Louise Edwards
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Phonology by : Mary Louise Edwards

Download or read book Phonology written by Mary Louise Edwards and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Syntax and Semantics Volume 1

Author : John. P. Kimball
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004372989
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Syntax and Semantics Volume 1 by : John. P. Kimball

Download or read book Syntax and Semantics Volume 1 written by John. P. Kimball and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-12-16 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preliminary Material /John P. Kimball --Possible and Must /Lauri Karttunen --The Modality of Conditionals-A Discussion of “Possible and Must” /John P. Kimball --Forward Implications, Backward Presuppositions, and the Time Axis of Verbs /Talmy Givón --Temporally Restrictive Adjectives /David Dowty --Cyclic and Linear Grammars /John P. Kimball --On the Cycle in Syntax /John Grinder --Discussion /George Lakoff --Action and Result: Two Aspects of Predication in English /Michael B. Kac --Three Reasons for Not Deriving 'Kill' from 'Cause to Die' in Japanese /Masayoshi Shibatani --Kac and Shibatani on the Grammar of Killing /James D. Mc Cawley --Reply to McCawley /Michael B. Kac --Doubl-ing /John Robert Ross --Where Do Relative Clauses Come From? /Judith Aissen --On the Nonexistence of Mirror Image Rules in Syntax /Jorge Hankamer --The VP-Constituent of SVO Languages /Arthur Schwartz --Lahu Nominalization, Relativization, and Genitivization /James A. Matisoff --Navaho Object Markers and the Great Chain of Being /Nancy Frishberg --The Crossover Constraint and Ozark English /Suzette Haden Elgin --Author Index /John P. Kimball --Subject Index /John P. Kimball.

Theory and Applications of Models of Computation

Author : Jin-Yi Cai
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540725040
Total Pages : 772 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Theory and Applications of Models of Computation by : Jin-Yi Cai

Download or read book Theory and Applications of Models of Computation written by Jin-Yi Cai and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-07-23 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Theory and Applications of Models of Computation, TAMC 2007, held in Shanghai, China in May 2007. It addresses all major areas in computer science; mathematics, especially logic; and the physical sciences, particularly with regard to computation and computability theory. The papers particularly focus on algorithms, complexity and computability theory.

Phonological Investigations

Author : Jacek Fisiak
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027277362
Total Pages : 519 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Phonological Investigations by : Jacek Fisiak

Download or read book Phonological Investigations written by Jacek Fisiak and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1992-06-18 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in this volume deal with subjects ranging from sound change and general phonological issues to analyses of specific problems in Polish and English, while some papers are of a crosslinguistic/contrastive nature. No single phonological paradigm has been followed, and this diversity of theoretical approaches, from natural phonology to non-linear phonology, reflects recent developments in Europe and the U.S.