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Uncertainties In Fatal Cancer Risk Estimates Used In Radiation Protection
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Author :National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements Publisher :National Council on Radiation Protection & Measurements ISBN 13 : Total Pages :130 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (6 download)
Book Synopsis Uncertainties in Fatal Cancer Risk Estimates Used in Radiation Protection by : National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
Download or read book Uncertainties in Fatal Cancer Risk Estimates Used in Radiation Protection written by National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements and published by National Council on Radiation Protection & Measurements. This book was released on 1997 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Estimating uncertainties in radiogenic cancer risk review of the Office of Radiation and Indoor Air's draft document Estimating radiogenic cancer risks draft addendum, uncertainty analysis, by the Radiation Advisory Committee. by :
Download or read book Estimating uncertainties in radiogenic cancer risk review of the Office of Radiation and Indoor Air's draft document Estimating radiogenic cancer risks draft addendum, uncertainty analysis, by the Radiation Advisory Committee. written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements Publisher :National Council on Radiation ISBN 13 :9780983545019 Total Pages :418 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (45 download)
Book Synopsis Uncertainties in the Estimation of Radiation Risks and Probability of Disease Causation by : National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
Download or read book Uncertainties in the Estimation of Radiation Risks and Probability of Disease Causation written by National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements and published by National Council on Radiation. This book was released on 2012 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forlagets beskrivelse: NCRP Report No. 171, Uncertainties in the Estimation of Radiation Risks and Probability of Disease Causation, considers the types and magnitude of the several uncertainties that are a component of the risk assessment process for cancer, heritable and noncancer effects following radiation exposure. These uncertainties can result from the nature of the input data as well as from the specific analysis and models used for developing the risk estimates. Topics addressed in this Report include: (a) uncertainties associated with extrapolation of dose-response relationships observed in primary epidemiological studies to estimate the risk per unit dose (i.e., organ dose or whole-body dose) in the U.S. population and other exposed populations; (b) applications of meta-analyses or pooled analyses to increase the statistical power in evaluating uncertainties in dose-response relationships for exposed human populations; (c) uncertainties associated with extrapolation of dose-response relationships observed for populations exposed to acute doses of high-energy gamma rays to estimate the risk per unit dose in populations exposed to fractionated or low-dose rate chronic exposures; (d) uncertainties associated with extrapolation of the dose-response relationships observed for populations exposed to high-energy gamma rays to estimate the risk per unit dose in populations exposed to low-energy photons, low-energy electrons, alpha particles, and neutrons with various energies; (e) comparison of uncertainties associated with risk estimated for individual tissue or organ sites with the uncertainties associated with estimating risk of all tumors combined due to whole-body exposure; (f) evaluation of opportunities for using additional epidemiological and laboratory-based biological information to modify estimates of uncertainty in risk estimation for cancer, noncancer effects, and severe heritable disorders; (f) procedures for accounting for dose uncertainty in epidemiological dose-response analyses; and (g) evaluation of the combined effect of uncertainty in dose estimation with the uncertainty in estimation of risk per unit dose in estimating the overall risk. This Report also provides a comprehensive analysis of uncertainties on the estimation of probability of radiation-induced disease, including: (1) application of organ doses and associated uncertainties in estimation of probability of disease causation; (2) evaluation of inherent uncertainties in calculating the probability of disease causation (in an individual), or assigned share of excess relative risk for various types of cancer attributable to radiation exposure; and (3) methods of improving existing procedures for estimating disease probability based on input organ doses and their uncertainties. The issue of uncertainty in estimation of radiation-induced risks of cancer, noncancer diseases, and heritable genetic effects analyzed in this Report is of great importance in evaluating the effects of ionizing radiation on human health, in decisions involving the safe use of ionizing radiation and in addressing public controversy. Uncertainty analyses should become increasingly important in the future as the sophisticated methodologies continue to develop and become more available.
Author :Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309133343 Total Pages :422 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation by : Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation
Download or read book Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation written by Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-03-23 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the seventh in a series of titles from the National Research Council that addresses the effects of exposure to low dose LET (Linear Energy Transfer) ionizing radiation and human health. Updating information previously presented in the 1990 publication, Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation: BEIR V, this book draws upon new data in both epidemiologic and experimental research. Ionizing radiation arises from both natural and man-made sources and at very high doses can produce damaging effects in human tissue that can be evident within days after exposure. However, it is the low-dose exposures that are the focus of this book. So-called “late” effects, such as cancer, are produced many years after the initial exposure. This book is among the first of its kind to include detailed risk estimates for cancer incidence in addition to cancer mortality. BEIR VII offers a full review of the available biological, biophysical, and epidemiological literature since the last BEIR report on the subject and develops the most up-to-date and comprehensive risk estimates for cancer and other health effects from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation.
Book Synopsis Space Radiation Cancer Risk Projections for Exploration Missions: Uncertainty Reduction and Mitigation by :
Download or read book Space Radiation Cancer Risk Projections for Exploration Missions: Uncertainty Reduction and Mitigation written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis How to be Quantitative about Radiation Risk Estimates by : Seymour Jablon
Download or read book How to be Quantitative about Radiation Risk Estimates written by Seymour Jablon and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Analysis of Cancer Risks in Populations Near Nuclear Facilities by : National Research Council
Download or read book Analysis of Cancer Risks in Populations Near Nuclear Facilities written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-06-29 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late 1980s, the National Cancer Institute initiated an investigation of cancer risks in populations near 52 commercial nuclear power plants and 10 Department of Energy nuclear facilities (including research and nuclear weapons production facilities and one reprocessing plant) in the United States. The results of the NCI investigation were used a primary resource for communicating with the public about the cancer risks near the nuclear facilities. However, this study is now over 20 years old. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission requested that the National Academy of Sciences provide an updated assessment of cancer risks in populations near USNRC-licensed nuclear facilities that utilize or process uranium for the production of electricity. Analysis of Cancer Risks in Populations near Nuclear Facilities: Phase 1 focuses on identifying scientifically sound approaches for carrying out an assessment of cancer risks associated with living near a nuclear facility, judgments about the strengths and weaknesses of various statistical power, ability to assess potential confounding factors, possible biases, and required effort. The results from this Phase 1 study will be used to inform the design of cancer risk assessment, which will be carried out in Phase 2. This report is beneficial for the general public, communities near nuclear facilities, stakeholders, healthcare providers, policy makers, state and local officials, community leaders, and the media.
Book Synopsis Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation by : National Research Council
Download or read book Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation written by National Research Council and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1990-02-01 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reevaluates the health risks of ionizing radiation in light of data that have become available since the 1980 report on this subject was published. The data include new, much more reliable dose estimates for the A-bomb survivors, the results of an additional 14 years of follow-up of the survivors for cancer mortality, recent results of follow-up studies of persons irradiated for medical purposes, and results of relevant experiments with laboratory animals and cultured cells. It analyzes the data in terms of risk estimates for specific organs in relation to dose and time after exposure, and compares radiation effects between Japanese and Western populations.
Book Synopsis Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment by : National Research Council
Download or read book Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The public depends on competent risk assessment from the federal government and the scientific community to grapple with the threat of pollution. When risk reports turn out to be overblownâ€"or when risks are overlookedâ€"public skepticism abounds. This comprehensive and readable book explores how the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) can improve its risk assessment practices, with a focus on implementation of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. With a wealth of detailed information, pertinent examples, and revealing analysis, the volume explores the "default option" and other basic concepts. It offers two views of EPA operations: The first examines how EPA currently assesses exposure to hazardous air pollutants, evaluates the toxicity of a substance, and characterizes the risk to the public. The second, more holistic, view explores how EPA can improve in several critical areas of risk assessment by focusing on cross-cutting themes and incorporating more scientific judgment. This comprehensive volume will be important to the EPA and other agencies, risk managers, environmental advocates, scientists, faculty, students, and concerned individuals.
Book Synopsis Reducing Environmental Cancer Risk by : Suzanne H. Reuben
Download or read book Reducing Environmental Cancer Risk written by Suzanne H. Reuben and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Though overall cancer incidence and mortality have continued to decline in recent years, cancer continues to devastate the lives of far too many Americans. In 2009 alone, 1.5 million American men, women, and children were diagnosed with cancer, and 562,000 died from the disease. There is a growing body of evidence linking environmental exposures to cancer. The Pres. Cancer Panel dedicated its 2008¿2009 activities to examining the impact of environmental factors on cancer risk. The Panel considered industrial, occupational, and agricultural exposures as well as exposures related to medical practice, military activities, modern lifestyles, and natural sources. This report presents the Panel¿s recommend. to mitigate or eliminate these barriers. Illus.
Author :Advisory Group on Ionising Radiation. Subgroup on Tritium Internal Dosimetry Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :112 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Review of Risks from Tritium by : Advisory Group on Ionising Radiation. Subgroup on Tritium Internal Dosimetry
Download or read book Review of Risks from Tritium written by Advisory Group on Ionising Radiation. Subgroup on Tritium Internal Dosimetry and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Science and Decisions by : National Research Council
Download or read book Science and Decisions written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-03-24 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk assessment has become a dominant public policy tool for making choices, based on limited resources, to protect public health and the environment. It has been instrumental to the mission of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as well as other federal agencies in evaluating public health concerns, informing regulatory and technological decisions, prioritizing research needs and funding, and in developing approaches for cost-benefit analysis. However, risk assessment is at a crossroads. Despite advances in the field, risk assessment faces a number of significant challenges including lengthy delays in making complex decisions; lack of data leading to significant uncertainty in risk assessments; and many chemicals in the marketplace that have not been evaluated and emerging agents requiring assessment. Science and Decisions makes practical scientific and technical recommendations to address these challenges. This book is a complement to the widely used 1983 National Academies book, Risk Assessment in the Federal Government (also known as the Red Book). The earlier book established a framework for the concepts and conduct of risk assessment that has been adopted by numerous expert committees, regulatory agencies, and public health institutions. The new book embeds these concepts within a broader framework for risk-based decision-making. Together, these are essential references for those working in the regulatory and public health fields.
Book Synopsis An Evaluation of Radiation Exposure Guidance for Military Operations by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book An Evaluation of Radiation Exposure Guidance for Military Operations written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-10-28 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cancer Risk Assessment by : Peter G. Shields
Download or read book Cancer Risk Assessment written by Peter G. Shields and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-05-24 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The assessment of cancer risk is a complex process that requires the examination of etiological agents, real-world environments, and individual rates of exposure. This reference offers practical approaches to determine cancer risk in individuals, groups of exposed persons, and the general public in relation to individual genetic and acquired suscep
Book Synopsis Health Risks of Radon and Other Internally Deposited Alpha-Emitters by : National Research Council
Download or read book Health Risks of Radon and Other Internally Deposited Alpha-Emitters written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-02-01 with total page 623 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes hazards from radon progeny and other alpha-emitters that humans may inhale or ingest from their environment. In their analysis, the authors summarize in one document clinical and epidemiological evidence, the results of animal studies, research on alpha-particle damage at the cellular level, metabolic pathways for internal alpha-emitters, dosimetry and microdosimetry of radionuclides deposited in specific tissues, and the chemical toxicity of some low-specific-activity alpha-emitters. Techniques for estimating the risks to humans posed by radon and other internally deposited alpha-emitters are offered, along with a discussion of formulas, models, methods, and the level of uncertainty inherent in the risk estimates.
Book Synopsis Space Radiation Cancer Risk Projections for Exploration Missions: Uncertainty Reduction and Mitigation by :
Download or read book Space Radiation Cancer Risk Projections for Exploration Missions: Uncertainty Reduction and Mitigation written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Radiation Risks in Perspective by : Kenneth L. Mossman
Download or read book Radiation Risks in Perspective written by Kenneth L. Mossman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-10-20 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public misperception of radiological risk consistently directs limited resources toward managing minimal or even phantom risks at great cost to government and industry with no measurable benefit to overall public health. The public's inability to comprehend small theoretical risks arrived at through inherently uncertain formulae, coupled with an ir
