Ultraviolet Led Technology For Food Applications

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Ultraviolet LED Technology for Food Applications

Author : Tatiana Koutchma
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128177950
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Ultraviolet LED Technology for Food Applications by : Tatiana Koutchma

Download or read book Ultraviolet LED Technology for Food Applications written by Tatiana Koutchma and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-08-10 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultraviolet LED Technology for Food Applications: From Farms to Kitchens examines the next wave in the LED revolution and its ability to bring numerous advantages of UVC disinfection. As UVC LED-based light fixtures will become the driving force behind wider adoption, with potential use in the treatment of beverages, disinfection of food surfaces, packaging and other food contact and non-contact surfaces, this book presents the latest information, including LEDs unique properties and advantages and the developments and advances made in four areas of application, including produce production and horticulture, post-harvest and post processing storage, safety and point-of-use applications. Alternative opportunities to current practices of food production and processing that are more sophisticated and diverse are being intensively investigated in recent decades, things like Ultraviolet light (UV) irradiation. The effects of UVC LEDs against bacteria, viruses and fungi already have been demonstrated and reported, along with the first applications for disinfection of air, water and surface made for the "point-of-use" integration. Brings unique advantages of LEDs for foods from farm to kitchens Explores applications and advances in LEDs for horticulture, crops production, postharvest reservation and produce storage Investigates UV LEDs in food safety

Ultraviolet Light in Food Technology

Author : Tatiana Koutchma
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420059513
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Ultraviolet Light in Food Technology by : Tatiana Koutchma

Download or read book Ultraviolet Light in Food Technology written by Tatiana Koutchma and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-03-06 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The production of environmentally friendly, sustainable, chemical-free food continues to challenge the food industry, spurring on investigations into alternative food processing techniques that are more sophisticated and diverse than current practices. Exploring one of these emerging solutions, Ultraviolet Light in Food Technology: Principles and Applications incorporates the fundamentals of continuous and pulsed UV light generation and propagation; current food regulations; recommendations for optimal UV reactor design, selection, and validation; information on both commercially available and under-development UV sources; and the outlook for future food applications. After reviewing essential terms, definitions, and current applications, the book emphasizes the need to properly assess the physical and chemical properties in foods that influence the effectiveness of UV treatment and impact inactivation kinetics. It also addresses the effects of UV processing on food quality, before considering the engineering aspects of UV light treatment, such as transport phenomena, process calculations, and continuous-flow reactor geometries. The book then describes the principles of validating UV reactors as well as the principles and applications of UV pulsed light, including microbial inactivation in water, meat, fruits, vegetables, and packaging materials. For anyone working in food research, development, and operations, this resource provides broad, accessible information on the science and applications of UV light technology. It shows how UV light irradiation can be used as a physical preservation method in food processing.

Ultraviolet Light in Food Technology

Author : Tatiana Koutchma
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000649989
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Ultraviolet Light in Food Technology by : Tatiana Koutchma

Download or read book Ultraviolet Light in Food Technology written by Tatiana Koutchma and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-20 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: UV light is one of a number of emerging non-thermal food processing technologies that can be used in a broad range of applications producing food products with longer shelf-life, more safe, and with higher nutritional quality. The new edition of Ultraviolet Light in Food Technology: Principles and Applications will present recent understanding of the fundamentals of UV light along with new applied knowledge that has accumulated during the 7 years since the first edition published in 2009. The new edition of the book will have 11 chapters including 2 new chapters--on chemical destruction with UV light and food plant safety—along with 6 chapters greatly expanded and updated.

Microbial Decontamination in the Food Industry

Author : Ali Demirci
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0857095757
Total Pages : 841 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (57 download)

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Book Synopsis Microbial Decontamination in the Food Industry by : Ali Demirci

Download or read book Microbial Decontamination in the Food Industry written by Ali Demirci and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-06-26 with total page 841 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of creating microbiologically-safe food with an acceptable shelf-life and quality for the consumer is a constant challenge for the food industry. Microbial decontamination in the food industry provides a comprehensive guide to the decontamination problems faced by the industry, and the current and emerging methods being used to solve them.Part one deals with various food commodities such as fresh produce, meats, seafood, nuts, juices and dairy products, and provides background on contamination routes and outbreaks as well as proposed processing methods for each commodity. Part two goes on to review current and emerging non-chemical and non-thermal decontamination methods such as high hydrostatic pressure, pulsed electric fields, irradiation, power ultrasound and non-thermal plasma. Thermal methods such as microwave, radio-frequency and infrared heating and food surface pasteurization are also explored in detail. Chemical decontamination methods with ozone, chlorine dioxide, electrolyzed oxidizing water, organic acids and dense phase CO2 are discussed in part three. Finally, part four focuses on current and emerging packaging technologies and post-packaging decontamination.With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Microbial decontamination in the food industry is an indispensable guide for all food industry professionals involved in the design or use of novel food decontamination techniques, as well as any academics researching or teaching this important subject. Provides a comprehensive guide to the decontamination problems faced by the industry and outlines the current and emerging methods being used to solve them Details backgrounds on contamination routes and outbreaks, as well as proposed processing methods for various commodities including fresh produce, meats, seafood, nuts, juices and dairy products Sections focus on emerging non-chemical and non-thermal decontamination methods, current thermal methods, chemical decontamination methods and current and emerging packaging technologies and post-packaging decontamination

Food Plant Safety

Author : Tatiana Koutchma
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0124166679
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (241 download)

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Book Synopsis Food Plant Safety by : Tatiana Koutchma

Download or read book Food Plant Safety written by Tatiana Koutchma and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-03-11 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food Plant Safety: UV Applications for Food and Non-Food Surfaces discusses the fundamental principles of ultraviolet (UV) light technology, and gives practical recommendations on UV processes and systems design for specific processing operations, as well as how microbial efficacy of UV light can improve the quality of existing product lines. Innovative research of ultraviolet light for food applications has been growing worldwide. With increased consumer demand for fresher, minimally processed but safe foods, comes the need for novel technologies to meet that demand. Ultraviolet technology has been taking its niche in food production as a non-chemical treatment to control and enhance safety of processing plants and storage facilities. This concise resource covers the fundamentals of this promising technology and its applications; it will benefit a broad audience of professionals in food engineering, processing, and product development, as well as graduate level students. Focuses on plant processing operations in the food industry Presents the benefits of UV light technology applications for air quality, and safety of non-food and food contact surfaces Covers the cost benefits and energy and environmental advantages of using UV technologies

Food Physics

Author : Ludger O. Figura
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031273982
Total Pages : 639 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (312 download)

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Book Synopsis Food Physics by : Ludger O. Figura

Download or read book Food Physics written by Ludger O. Figura and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-06 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first textbook in this field of increasing importance for the food and cosmetics industries. It is indispensable for future students of food technology and food chemistry as well as for engineers, technologists and technicians in the food industries. It describes the principles of food physics starting with the very basics – and focuses on the needs of practitioners without omitting important basic principles. It will be indispensable for future students of food technology and food chemistry as well as for engineers, technologists and technicians in the food industries. Food Physics deals with the physical properties of food, food ingredients and their measurement.

Contributions of Chemical Engineering to Sustainability

Author : Juan Gabriel Segovia-Hernández
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031555945
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Contributions of Chemical Engineering to Sustainability by : Juan Gabriel Segovia-Hernández

Download or read book Contributions of Chemical Engineering to Sustainability written by Juan Gabriel Segovia-Hernández and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Ultraviolet Light in Food Technology

Author : Tatiana N. Koutchma
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780429521157
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (211 download)

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Book Synopsis Ultraviolet Light in Food Technology by : Tatiana N. Koutchma

Download or read book Ultraviolet Light in Food Technology written by Tatiana N. Koutchma and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Non-Thermal Processing Technologies for the Dairy Industry

Author : M. Selvamuthukumaran
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000464997
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Non-Thermal Processing Technologies for the Dairy Industry by : M. Selvamuthukumaran

Download or read book Non-Thermal Processing Technologies for the Dairy Industry written by M. Selvamuthukumaran and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-11-09 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dairy industry usually adopts conventional methods of processing various milk-based food products, which can destroy nutrients and minimize organoleptic qualities. An alternative approach for this is the non-conventional method of non-thermal processing techniques. Not only does this enhance the nutritional profile of the various processed products, but increases the consumer acceptability. There are some emerging non-thermal processing techniques such as pulsed light, cold plasma, high pressure processing, ultrasonic, UV pasteurization, or ozone treatments, which can be successfully employed in dairy processing industries to enhance product acceptability, safety, and quality aspects. Non-Thermal Processing Technologies for the Dairy Industry describes several emerging non-thermal processing techniques that can be specially employed for the dairy processing industry. The book narrates the benefits of using pulsed light, cold plasma, high pressure and ultrasonic during processing of various dairy products. Key Features: Addresses techniques used for extraction of functional food components from various dairy products by using super critical CO2 extraction technology. Explains application of ozone and cold plasma technology for treating dairy processing waste waters with efficient recycling aspects. Discusses the importance of using biopreservatives in shelf life extension of several dairy food products. Portrays scope and significant importance of adopting UV pasteurization in processing market milk along with safety and environmental impacts over processing This book solves the issue of waste generation in dairy industries and further advises recovery of such waste for efficient recycling process. In addition to being useful for dairy technologists, it is a great source for academic scholars and students looking to gain knowledge and excel in the non-thermal procesing area.

Enzyme Inactivation in Food Processing

Author : Megh R. Goyal
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000771393
Total Pages : 569 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Enzyme Inactivation in Food Processing by : Megh R. Goyal

Download or read book Enzyme Inactivation in Food Processing written by Megh R. Goyal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-08-04 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enzyme inactivation in fruits and vegetables is of utmost importance regarding food quality during storage. This new volume explores important emerging technologies for the inactivation of enzymes in the design and preservation of food. The book covers the basic concepts and chemical methods and then introduces novel processing technologies for inactivating food enzymes. The new technologies are many: pulsed electric field, ultraviolet and light-emitting diodes, ohmic heating, dense-phased carbon dioxide, cold plasma, ultrasonication, microwave processing, radiofrequency, extraction, and others. The volume also looks at the design of nutraceutical-based functional foods, specific foods for gut-microbiodata, the use of omega-3 fatty acids to fortify food products, and the characteristics of dairy-based dry powders, and characteristics of millet starches. It also considers the role of the bioactive compounds and metal ions for catalases secreted by medicinal plants and mushrooms for enzyme inactivation and biosensing, along with the role of bionanomaterials in nanoencapsulation and catalysis.

Innovative Food Processing Technologies

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128157828
Total Pages : 2482 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Innovative Food Processing Technologies by :

Download or read book Innovative Food Processing Technologies written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-08-18 with total page 2482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food process engineering, a branch of both food science and chemical engineering, has evolved over the years since its inception and still is a rapidly changing discipline. While traditionally the main objective of food process engineering was preservation and stabilization, the focus today has shifted to enhance health aspects, flavour and taste, nutrition, sustainable production, food security and also to ensure more diversity for the increasing demand of consumers. The food industry is becoming increasingly competitive and dynamic, and strives to develop high quality, freshly prepared food products. To achieve this objective, food manufacturers are today presented with a growing array of new technologies that have the potential to improve, or replace, conventional processing technologies, to deliver higher quality and better consumer targeted food products, which meet many, if not all, of the demands of the modern consumer. These new, or innovative, technologies are in various stages of development, including some still at the R&D stage, and others that have been commercialised as alternatives to conventional processing technologies. Food process engineering comprises a series of unit operations traditionally applied in the food industry. One major component of these operations relates to the application of heat, directly or indirectly, to provide foods free from pathogenic microorganisms, but also to enhance or intensify other processes, such as extraction, separation or modification of components. The last three decades have also witnessed the advent and adaptation of several operations, processes, and techniques aimed at producing high quality foods, with minimum alteration of sensory and nutritive properties. Some of these innovative technologies have significantly reduced the thermal component in food processing, offering alternative nonthermal methods. Food Processing Technologies: A Comprehensive Review, Three Volume Set covers the latest advances in innovative and nonthermal processing, such as high pressure, pulsed electric fields, radiofrequency, high intensity pulsed light, ultrasound, irradiation and new hurdle technology. Each section will have an introductory article covering the basic principles and applications of each technology, and in-depth articles covering the currently available equipment (and/or the current state of development), food quality and safety, application to various sectors, food laws and regulations, consumer acceptance, advancements and future scope. It will also contain case studies and examples to illustrate state-of-the-art applications. Each section will serve as an excellent reference to food industry professionals involved in the processing of a wide range of food categories, e.g., meat, seafood, beverage, dairy, eggs, fruits and vegetable products, spices, herbs among others.

Ultraviolet Light in Food Technology

Author : Tatiana Koutchma
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000650448
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Ultraviolet Light in Food Technology by : Tatiana Koutchma

Download or read book Ultraviolet Light in Food Technology written by Tatiana Koutchma and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-20 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: UV light is one of a number of emerging non-thermal food processing technologies that can be used in a broad range of applications producing food products with longer shelf-life, more safe, and with higher nutritional quality. The new edition of Ultraviolet Light in Food Technology: Principles and Applications will present recent understanding of the fundamentals of UV light along with new applied knowledge that has accumulated during the 7 years since the first edition published in 2009. The new edition of the book will have 11 chapters including 2 new chapters--on chemical destruction with UV light and food plant safety—along with 6 chapters greatly expanded and updated.

Nonthermal Processing in Agri-Food-Bio Sciences

Author : Anet Režek Jambrak
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030924157
Total Pages : 780 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Nonthermal Processing in Agri-Food-Bio Sciences by : Anet Režek Jambrak

Download or read book Nonthermal Processing in Agri-Food-Bio Sciences written by Anet Režek Jambrak and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-09-26 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses important questions on the legislation, regulations, sustainability, technology transfer, safety of biomaterials and mechanism of action of nonthermal processing on the molecular level of biomaterials and its impact on health. The chapters take an interdisciplinary approach that is of interest to specialists from engineering, physics, chemistry, agriculture, life sciences and beyond, with a focus on further development of existing and new applications of nonthermal processing and their combination with other methods in the processing of biomaterials, agriculture, biotechnology and the re-use of waste and by-products. Nonthermal Processing in Agri-Food-Bio Sciences: Sustainability and Future Goals aims to boost further developments and applications of nonthermal technologies to develop healthier products, to ensure consumer approval for these innovative technologies and to improve the sustainability of biomaterials production. The industrial application of nonthermal processing has led to an increase in innovative value products and the overall improvement of production capacity. Nonthermal processes use less energy and chemicals, reduce processing times, have less environmental impact, produce less waste, and have the potential for industrial scale-up and a return-on-investment in under 5 years. According to The United Nations and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, 17 goals should be incorporated within development projects, and researchers are starting to use novel techniques to meet them. In covering the fundamental engineering theories underlying nonthermal processing, this book will aid in this mission. The book overviews the advantages and disadvantages of novel technologies, over to sustainability goals to correct steps for the scale-up and return on investment. The book includes the chemistry and physics of nonthermal processing technologies, dedicated to specialists and researchers from a wide range of subject areas. Interdisciplinary scientists and engineers, sustainability experts can use this text to aid in their work in green technologies.

Electromagnetic Technologies in Food Science

Author : Vicente M. Gómez-López
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111975951X
Total Pages : 469 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Electromagnetic Technologies in Food Science by : Vicente M. Gómez-López

Download or read book Electromagnetic Technologies in Food Science written by Vicente M. Gómez-López and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-12-13 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive source of in-depth information provided on existing and emerging food technologies based on the electromagnetic spectrum Electromagnetic Technologies in Food Science examines various methods employed in food applications that are based on the entire electromagnetic (EM) spectrum. Focusing on recent advances and challenges in food science and technology, this is an up-to-date volume that features vital contributions coming from an international panel of experts who have shared both fundamental and advanced knowledge of information on the dosimetry methods, and on potential applications of gamma irradiation, electron beams, X-rays, radio and microwaves, ultraviolet, visible, pulsed light, and more. Organized into four parts, the text begins with an accessible overview of the physics of the electromagnetic spectrum, followed by discussion on the application of the EM spectrum to non-thermal food processing. The physics of infrared radiation, microwaves, and other advanced heating methods are then deliberated in detail—supported by case studies and examples that illustrate a range of both current and potential applications of EM-based methods. The concluding section of the book describes analytical techniques adopted for quality control, such as hyperspectral imaging, infrared and Raman spectroscopy. This authoritative book resource: Covers advanced theoretical knowledge and practical applications on the use of EM spectrum as novel methods in food processing technology Discusses the latest progress in developing quality control methods, thus enabling the control of continuous fast-speed processes Explores future challenges and benefits of employing electromagnetic spectrum in food technology applications Addresses emerging processing technologies related to improving safety, preservation, and overall quality of various food commodities Electromagnetic Technologies in Food Science is an essential reading material for undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, academics, and agri-food professionals working in the area of food preservation, novel food processing techniques and sustainable food production.

Food Safety Engineering

Author : Ali Demirci
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030426602
Total Pages : 754 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Food Safety Engineering by : Ali Demirci

Download or read book Food Safety Engineering written by Ali Demirci and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-28 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food Safety Engineering is the first reference work to provide up-to-date coverage of the advanced technologies and strategies for the engineering of safe foods. Researchers, laboratory staff and food industry professionals with an interest in food engineering safety will find a singular source containing all of the needed information required to understand this rapidly advancing topic. The text lays a solid foundation for solving microbial food safety problems, developing advanced thermal and non-thermal technologies, designing food safety preventive control processes and sustainable operation of the food safety preventive control processes. The first section of chapters presents a comprehensive overview of food microbiology from foodborne pathogens to detection methods. The next section focuses on preventative practices, detailing all of the major manufacturing processes assuring the safety of foods including Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP), Hazard Analysis and Risk-Based Preventive Controls (HARPC), food traceability, and recalls. Further sections provide insights into plant layout and equipment design, and maintenance. Modeling and process design are covered in depth. Conventional and novel preventive controls for food safety include the current and emerging food processing technologies. Further sections focus on such important aspects as aseptic packaging and post-packaging technologies. With its comprehensive scope of up-to-date technologies and manufacturing processes, this is a useful and first-of-its kind text for the next generation food safety engineering professionals.

Food Packaging and Preservation

Author : Amit K. Jaiswal
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0323886205
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (238 download)

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Book Synopsis Food Packaging and Preservation by : Amit K. Jaiswal

Download or read book Food Packaging and Preservation written by Amit K. Jaiswal and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2023-11-24 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food Packaging and Preservation: Antimicrobial Materials and Technologies provides a scaffolded introduction to principles of biological science (food contamination and their effect on human health) as well as nanomaterials, natural antimicrobials and emerging non-thermal processing methods. The book's goal is to help users develop sustainable usage of these materials and technologies. It is designed to help researchers in food technology, materials science, nanoscience, and polymer science, but it will also be ideal for researchers and developers who develop antimicrobial technologies for food industry applications, in particular food packaging and the preservation of food products. Thoroughly explores the application of nanomaterials, nanocomposites, antimicrobial materials from natural sources, and emerging non-thermal processing technologies Covers nanomaterials, natural extracts and their usage in micro and nanoemulsion form Examines non- thermal processing methods and their combinations for food packaging and food preservation

Ultraviolet Light in Human Health, Diseases and Environment

Author : Shamim I. Ahmad
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319560174
Total Pages : 365 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Ultraviolet Light in Human Health, Diseases and Environment by : Shamim I. Ahmad

Download or read book Ultraviolet Light in Human Health, Diseases and Environment written by Shamim I. Ahmad and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-08 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about the roles and importance of Ultraviolet (UV) light from sun and from man-made UV lamps in our daily life, on health and diseases, also its application in sterilization and treatment. The key words are: reactive oxygen species, DNA damage, UV mutagenicity, skin cancers, polymorphous light eruption, Xeroderma pigmentosum, vitiligo, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndromes, cardiovascular diseases, dermatology, photobiology, photodermatosis, vitamin D synthesis, vitamin D efficiency, water sterilization, blood sterilization, phototherapies, skin tanning and UV dosimeter. The book starts with introduction to UV light and the history of development of UV lamps and its applications. It then moves to describing the interaction of this light with biological components and the production of reactive oxygen species, their roles in cell signaling, cellular defense from foreign invaders, in mutagenesis leading to skin diseases including vitiligo, polymorphous light eruption and various forms of skin cancer. Then it presents the synthesis and importance of UV light and diseases, induced due to the deficiency of vitamin D. Roles of UV light in sterilization, disinfection, phototherapies are depicted in the next part and finally use and abuse of UV light in tanning salon and the availability and importance of use of UV dosimeter are highlighted. The three main focuses of this book are: - Damage to biological systems by UV light leading to certain skin diseases; most importantly skin cancers. - Importance of UV light in the in vivo synthesis of vitamin D when human bodies are exposed to it. - Diseases caused due to the deficiency of vitamin D and the use of UV lamps in phototherapy and sterilization processes. The editor has considerable experience in publishing medical books and has used it critically selecting the matters which will attract the readers from many areas of medical and non-medical fields. It is hoped that the materials presented in this book will give great benefit and will stimulate both novice and expert researchers in the field. The book gives excellent overviews of the current status of research and pointers to the future research achievements. Clinicians, medical general practitioners, technicians and staff working in UV related industries and especially those working in tanning salon should benefit from the information presented in safe handling of this light.