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Two Stage Close Coupled Catalytic Liquefaction Of Coal
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Book Synopsis Two-stage, Close Coupled Catalytic Liquefaction of Coal by :
Download or read book Two-stage, Close Coupled Catalytic Liquefaction of Coal written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This quarterly report covers activities of the Two-Stage, Close- Coupled Catalytic Liquefaction of Coal program during the period January 1,--March 31,1992, at Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. in Lawrenceville and Princeton, New Jersey. This DOE contract period is from October 1, 1988 to September 30, 1992. The overall purpose of the program is to achieve higher yields of better quality transportation and turbine fuels and to lower the capital and production costs in order to make the products from direct coal liquefaction competitive with other fossil fuel products. The quarterly report covers work on Laboratory Testing, PDU Activities and Administration.
Book Synopsis Two-stage, Close Coupled Catalytic Liquefaction of Coal. [Catalysts by :
Download or read book Two-stage, Close Coupled Catalytic Liquefaction of Coal. [Catalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall purpose of the program is to achieve higher yields of better quality transportation and turbine fuels and to lower the capital and production costs in order to make the products from direct coal liquefaction competitive with other fossil fuel products.
Book Synopsis Two-stage, Close Coupled Catalytic Liquefaction of Coal. [Catalyst Used by :
Download or read book Two-stage, Close Coupled Catalytic Liquefaction of Coal. [Catalyst Used written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first calendar quarter of 1991 was a productive period with two bench-scale studies, microautoclave support studies, mini-Process Development Unit (PDU) preparations, and process modelling. Several catalyst presulfiding agents and CO2 effects upon liquefaction were evaluated in microautoclave scale tests. Dimethyl disulfide will be used for the PDU scale-up based on the results of these tests and prior data. Carbon dioxide appears to enhance coal conversion; however, gas and water yields are increased indicating possible water gas shift-hydrocarbon synthesis reactions. In the bench-scale studies, the rejuvenation of spent catalyst with acid and carbon burn-off produced catalytic activity akin to fresh and catalyst in a 12 day evaluation. A 14 day study of the addition of high concentrations of CO2 to a sub-bituminous coal liquefaction system demonstrated the occurrence of water gas shift hydrocarbon synthesis reactions and conversely higher coal conversions and distillate yields with high hydrogen consumptions. Preparations for a PDU Demonstration Run on Black Thunder Mine coal are underway. The British Coal Filtration Process will be used for solid separation. The results of microautoclave scale tests on Illinois, Ohio and Black Thunder Mine coals were reviewed and statistically analyzed to provide a sound basis for kinetic interpretation.
Book Synopsis Two-stage, Closed Coupled Catalytic Liquefaction of Coal. Sixteenth Quarterly Report, 1 July 1992-30 September 1992 by :
Download or read book Two-stage, Closed Coupled Catalytic Liquefaction of Coal. Sixteenth Quarterly Report, 1 July 1992-30 September 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Two-stage, Close Coupled Catalytic Liquefaction of Coal. Fourteenth Quarterly Report, 1 January 1992--31 March 1992 by :
Download or read book Two-stage, Close Coupled Catalytic Liquefaction of Coal. Fourteenth Quarterly Report, 1 January 1992--31 March 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This quarterly report covers activities of the Two-Stage, Close- Coupled Catalytic Liquefaction of Coal program during the period January 1,--March 31,1992, at Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. in Lawrenceville and Princeton, New Jersey. This DOE contract period is from October 1, 1988 to September 30, 1992. The overall purpose of the program is to achieve higher yields of better quality transportation and turbine fuels and to lower the capital and production costs in order to make the products from direct coal liquefaction competitive with other fossil fuel products. The quarterly report covers work on Laboratory Testing, PDU Activities and Administration.
Book Synopsis Two-stage, Closed Coupled Catalytic Liquefaction of Coal. Seventeeth Quarterly Report, 1 October 1992--31 December 1992 by :
Download or read book Two-stage, Closed Coupled Catalytic Liquefaction of Coal. Seventeeth Quarterly Report, 1 October 1992--31 December 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall purpose of the program is to achieve higher yields of better quality transportation and turbine fuels and to lower the capital and production costs in order to make the products from direct coal liquefaction competitive with other fossil fuel products. This quarterly report covers work on Laboratory Testing and Bench Scale Studies with Black Thunder and Illinois No. 6 coals. The major activities during this period were preparation and testing of FeOOH-impregnated Black Thunder coal in Bench Scale Run (CC-15) and evaluation of A060 (AKZO) NiMo extrudates with Illinois No. 6 coal (CC-1 6). Using a procedure developed by Pittsburgh Energy Technology Center approximately 1100 lbs. of iron-impregnated coal was prepared. This FEOOH impregnated coal was evaluated in a 14 day Bench Run (CC-15) with and without FeOOH. Results were promising with distillate yields of 60--66 Wt% MAF coal versus 57.4 Wt% without iron catalyst. The process consisted of FEOOH impregnated coal preparation and use of a pretreatment reactor plus a back-mixed first stage followed by a supported catalyst second stage. Since Shell 317 bimodal NiMo catalyst is no longer manufactured, Bench run CC-1 6 was conducted to evaluate A060 AKZO experimental catalyst. This catalyst was prepared in quantity and successfully tested in ebullated beds at Wilsonville. Results show the overall performance to be as good as Shell 317 and that A060 is a good substitute catalyst for future experimentation.
Book Synopsis Close-coupled Catalytic Two-Stage Liquefaction (CTSL{trademark}) Process Bench Studies. Final Report, [October 1, 1988--July 31, 1993]. by :
Download or read book Close-coupled Catalytic Two-Stage Liquefaction (CTSL{trademark}) Process Bench Studies. Final Report, [October 1, 1988--July 31, 1993]. written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the final report of a four year and ten month contract starting on October 1, 1988 to July 31, 1993 with the US Department of Energy to study and improve Close-Coupled Catalytic Two-Stage Direct Liquefaction of coal by producing high yields of distillate with improved quality at lower capital and production costs in comparison to existing technologies. Laboratory, Bench and PDU scale studies on sub-bituminous and bituminous coals are summarized and referenced in this volume. Details are presented in the three topical reports of this contract; CTSL Process Bench Studies and PDU Scale-Up with Sub-Bituminous Coal-DE-88818-TOP-1, CTSL Process Bench Studies with Bituminous Coal-DE-88818-TOP-2, and CTSL Process Laboratory Scale Studies, Modelling and Technical Assessment-DE-88818-TOP-3. Results are summarized on experiments and studies covering several process configurations, cleaned coals, solid separation methods, additives and catalysts both dispersed and supported. Laboratory microautoclave scale experiments, economic analysis and modelling studies are also included along with the PDU-Scale-Up of the CTSL processing of sub-bituminous Black Thunder Mine Wyoming coal. During this DOE/HRI effort, high distillate yields were maintained at higher throughput rates while quality was markedly improved using on-line hydrotreating and cleaned coals. Solid separations options of filtration and delayed coking were evaluated on a Bench-Scale with filtration successfully scaled to a PDU demonstration. Directions for future direct coal liquefaction related work are outlined herein based on the results from this and previous programs.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Two-stage, Close Coupled Catalytic Liquefaction of Coal. Tenth Quarterly Report, 1 January 1991--31 March 1991 by :
Download or read book Two-stage, Close Coupled Catalytic Liquefaction of Coal. Tenth Quarterly Report, 1 January 1991--31 March 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first calendar quarter of 1991 was a productive period with two bench-scale studies, microautoclave support studies, mini-Process Development Unit (PDU) preparations, and process modelling. Several catalyst presulfiding agents and CO2 effects upon liquefaction were evaluated in microautoclave scale tests. Dimethyl disulfide will be used for the PDU scale-up based on the results of these tests and prior data. Carbon dioxide appears to enhance coal conversion; however, gas and water yields are increased indicating possible water gas shift-hydrocarbon synthesis reactions. In the bench-scale studies, the rejuvenation of spent catalyst with acid and carbon burn-off produced catalytic activity akin to fresh and catalyst in a 12 day evaluation. A 14 day study of the addition of high concentrations of CO2 to a sub-bituminous coal liquefaction system demonstrated the occurrence of water gas shift hydrocarbon synthesis reactions and conversely higher coal conversions and distillate yields with high hydrogen consumptions. Preparations for a PDU Demonstration Run on Black Thunder Mine coal are underway. The British Coal Filtration Process will be used for solid separation. The results of microautoclave scale tests on Illinois, Ohio and Black Thunder Mine coals were reviewed and statistically analyzed to provide a sound basis for kinetic interpretation.
Book Synopsis Two-stage, Close Coupled Catalytic Liquefaction of Coal. Eleventh Quarterly Report, 1 April 1991--30 June 1991 by :
Download or read book Two-stage, Close Coupled Catalytic Liquefaction of Coal. Eleventh Quarterly Report, 1 April 1991--30 June 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall purpose of the program is to achieve higher yields of better quality transportation and turbine fuels and to lower the capital and production costs in order to make the products from direct coal liquefaction competitive with other fossil fuel products.
Book Synopsis Catalysts and Process Developments for Two-stage Liquefaction. Final Technical Report, October 1, 1989--September 30, 1992 by :
Download or read book Catalysts and Process Developments for Two-stage Liquefaction. Final Technical Report, October 1, 1989--September 30, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research in this project centered upon developing and evaluating catalysts and process improvements for coal liquefaction in the two-stage, close-coupled catalytic process. The major results are summarized here and they are described in more detail under each Task. In tasks for coal pretreatment and beneficiation, it was shown for coal handling that drying of both lignite or subbituminous coals using warm air, vacuum oven or exposing to air for long time was detrimental to subsequent liquefaction. Both laboratory and bench-scale beneficiations indicated that in order to achieve increased liquefaction yield for Illinois No. 6 bituminous coal, size separation with in sink-float technique should be used. For subbituminous coal, the best beneficiation was aqueous SO2 treatment, which reduced mineral matter. In the case of lignite, the fines should be rejected prior to aqueous SO2 treatment and sink-float gravity separation. In liquefying coals with supported catalysts in both first and second stages, coal conversion was highest (93%) with Illinois No. 6 coal, which also had the highest total liquid yield of 80%, however, the product contained unacceptably high level of resid (30%). Both low rank coals gave lower conversion (85--87%) and liquid yields (57--59%), but lighter products (no resid). The analysis of spent first stage catalysts indicated significant sodium and calcium deposits causing severe deactivation. The second stage catalysts were in better condition showing high surface areas and low coke and metal deposits. The use of dispersed catalyst in the first stage would combat the severe deactivation.
Book Synopsis Energy Resources and Systems by : Tushar Ghosh
Download or read book Energy Resources and Systems written by Tushar Ghosh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-06-17 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the lifetimes of the authors, the world and especially the United States have received three significant “wake-up calls” on energy production and consumption. The first of these occurred on October 15, 1973 when the Yom Kippur War began with an attack by Syria and Egypt on Israel. The United States and many western countries supported Israel. Because of the western support of Israel, several Arab oil exporting nations imposed an oil embargo on the west. These nations withheld five million barrels of oil per day. Other countries made up about one million barrels of oil per day but the net loss of four million barrels of oil production per day extended through March of 1974. This represented 7% of the free world’s (i. e. , excluding the USSR) oil production. In 1972 the price of crude oil was about $3. 00 per barrel and by the end of 1974 the price of oil had risen by a factor of 4 to over $12. 00. This resulted in one of the worst recessions in the post World War II era. As a result, there was a movement in the United States to become energy independent. At that time the United States imported about one third of its oil (about five million barrels per day). After the embargo was lifted, the world chose to ignore the “wake-up call” and went on with business as usual.
Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies by : Sunggyu Lee
Download or read book Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies written by Sunggyu Lee and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While strides are being made in the research and development of environmentally acceptable and more sustainable alternative fuels-including efforts to reduce emissions of air pollutants associated with combustion processes from electric power generation and vehicular transportation-fossil fuel resources are limited and may soon be on the verge of d
Download or read book Alternative Fuels written by Sunggyu Lee and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-01-13 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmentally acceptable alternative fuels are in demand. This book dicusses the energy resources that are directly tied to the alleviation of petroleum dependence, and the science and technology in the area of alternative fuels. Various process treatments leading to cleaner and better use of existing fuel resources are discussed. This comprehensive reference book is consistent and is helpful for students and researchers.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Energy Research and Development Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :612 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Fiscal Year 1989 Department of Energy Authorization by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Energy Research and Development
Download or read book Fiscal Year 1989 Department of Energy Authorization written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Energy Research and Development and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ullmann's Energy written by Wiley-VCH and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-06-02 with total page 2189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This three-volume handbook contains a wealth of information on energy sources, energy generation and storage, fossil and renewable fuels as well as the associated processing technology. Fossil as well as renewable fuels, nuclear technology, power generation and storage technologies are treated side by side, providing a unique overview of the entire global energy industry. The result is an in-depth survey of industrial-scale energy technology. Your personal ULLMANN’S: A carefully selected "best of" compilation of topical articles brings the vast knowledge of the Ullmann’s encyclopedia to the desks of energy and process engineers Chemical and physical characteristics, production processes and production figures, main applications, toxicology and safety information are all found here in one single resource New or updated articles include classical topics such as coal technologies, oil and gas as well as cutting-edge technologies like biogas, thermoelectricty and solar technology 3 Volumes
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