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Two Historians In Technology And War
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Book Synopsis Two Historians in Technology and War by : Michael Eliot Howard
Download or read book Two Historians in Technology and War written by Michael Eliot Howard and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In April 1994, the Army War College's Strategic Studies Institute held its annual Strategy Conference. The theme for this year's conference was 'The Revolution in Military Affairs: Defining an Army for the 21st Century. New technology is one of the most compelling aspects of the current Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA). Technological advanced has offered advantages to one side or another at various times since the dawn of history and the advent of armed conflict. The Army must understand this revolution in all of its parts. Just as importantly, professional soldiers must retain their professional perspective and avoid becoming enchanted with technology. While technologically sophisticated weapons can help secure victory, technology in and of itself cannot win wars. Ultimately, wars are won or lost in the minds of soldiers and their leaders. Soldiers can learn about warfare from either personal experience or from studying history. The study of the history of warfare provides the student with an opportunity to examine critical aspects of warmaking without the risk. Fortunately for those who study the reasons for, and results of, conflict, this year's Strategy Conference began with a keynote address by one of the world's foremost military historians, Sir Michael Howard. His address was followed, in the first formal session, by a paper presented by Dr. John F. Guilmartin, Jr. who analyzed the technological limits of strategy.
Book Synopsis Two Historians in Technology and War by :
Download or read book Two Historians in Technology and War written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Two Historians in Technology and War by : Michael Howard (Guilmartin, John F.)
Download or read book Two Historians in Technology and War written by Michael Howard (Guilmartin, John F.) and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis TWO HISTORIANS IN TECHNOLOGY AND WAR. by : Michael Howard
Download or read book TWO HISTORIANS IN TECHNOLOGY AND WAR. written by Michael Howard and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Two Historians in Technology and War by : Sir Michael Howard
Download or read book Two Historians in Technology and War written by Sir Michael Howard and published by . This book was released on 1994-07-20 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a tendency among military professionals, particularly in the United States, to look to history for "lessons." This is not wise. It has been well said the words, "All History Teaches..." are usually followed by bad history and worse logic. History is simply what historians write, and what they write is often determined by their prejudices. The best that even the best historians can do, on the basis of their knowledge about the past, is to pose questions and issue warnings about the future. The answer to the question posed by the title of this essay is obviously, "Quite a lot." The essence of war, however, remains the same no matter how one defines that essence. Carl von Clausewitz's definition of war as "an act of force to compel our enemy to do our will" is as valid today as it was two hundred years ago.1 Violence is what turns a conflict into a war. Trade wars and tariff wars may involve conflicting interests, but unless there is an element of organized, sanctioned and purposeful violence, these are not war. I shall therefore work pragmatically on the assumption that, whatever changes brought about by social and technological transformation, the essence of "war" remains. Clausewitz likened it to a chameleon that takes the color of its surroundings. While warfare may seem to change, it remains as Clausewitz defined it, just as the chameleon, whatever color it adopts, remains the same animal still.2 All historians do agree, however, that a systemic change in the conduct, if not in the nature, of war was brought about during the 19th century by the technical transformations of the industrial age. So long as society depended upon manpower, waterpower, windpower, and animal power for its energy sources, warfare had consisted basically of battles or sieges conducted by armies whose size was narrowly constricted by logistical limitations. In consequence, there was little systemic difference between the campaigns of Julius Caesar and Scipio Africanus on the one hand, and those of Marlborough or Frederick the Great on the other. The study of the "Great Captains" of antiquity was, with good reason, regarded as being still the best preparation for the conduct of war in 18th century Europe. Technical innovations had indeed made incremental changes. The stirrup made cavalry a controllable instrument for organized battles as well as for sporadic raiding. Mobile heavy artillery transformed siege warfare as it had been conducted from antiquity until the end of the Middle Ages. The combination of the ring bayonet with the flintlock provided a force-multiplier for infantry, making every soldier his own musketeer as well as pikeman. The same kind of force-multiplying effect was gained when Jean Baptiste de Gribeauval's French army reforms resulted in a new generation of more mobile and accurate field guns in the mid 18th century. Clausewitz held that battle is as essential to warfare as cash transaction is to business. Throughout the agrarian age war consisted, if not of battle, then of the search for battle. And battle consisted, or was seen to consist, in corps-a-corps fighting with "cold steel"--the arme blanche. All developments in fire power were perceived as ancillary to this. Artillery was developed to make it possible for infantry to close with the enemy, not to make it unnecessary. Infantry volley-fire 2 was always preliminary to a charge. Around this perceived necessity for the decisive corps-a-corps encounter, a whole military culture developed. In this social hierarchy those who delivered the "shock" in battle, the cavalry and elite infantry, were at the top. All ancillaries, including artillery, took their places lower down the pecking order. Napoleon Bonaparte became an artillery officer because he did not have the social standing to get into the infantry or cavalry.
Book Synopsis Two Historians in Technology and War by : Sir Michael Howard
Download or read book Two Historians in Technology and War written by Sir Michael Howard and published by . This book was released on 2013-01-27 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In April 1994, the Army War College's Strategic Studies Institute held its annual Strategy Conference. The theme for this year's conference was "The Revolution in Military Affairs: Defining an Army for the 21st Century." Sir Michael and Professor Guilmartin are historians who have experienced warfare; indeed, have distinguished themselves in combat. Sir Michael Howard served in the Coldstream Guards in Italy in the Second World War. Dr. Guilmartin served two tours as a U.S. Air Force rescue helicopter pilot in Vietnam. Their personal experience with warfare is expressed eloquently in the following pages as they make the point that war is, as Carl von Clausewitz defined it nearly 200 years ago, a distinctly human endeavor. Because the Revolution in Military Affairs makes warfare all the more complex and changeable, one would be well advised to heed another of Clausewitz's admonitions, "The use of force is in no way incompatible with the simultaneous use of the intellect."
Book Synopsis War and Technology: A Very Short Introduction by : Alex Roland
Download or read book War and Technology: A Very Short Introduction written by Alex Roland and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-09-01 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The war instinct is part of human nature, but the means to fight war depend on technology. Alex Roland traces the co-evolution of technology and warfare from the Stone Age to the age of cyberwar, describing the inventions that changed the direction of warfare throughout history: from fortified walls, the chariot, battleships, and the gunpowder revolution to bombers, rockets, improvised explosive devices (IEDs), and nuclear weapons. In the twenty-first century, new technologies continue to push warfare in unexpected directions, while warfare stimulates stunning new technological advances. Yet even now, the newest and best technology cannot guarantee victory. Brimming with dramatic narratives of battles and deep insights into military psychology, this book shows that although military technologies keep changing at great speed, the principles and patterns behind them abide.
Book Synopsis War In World History: Society, Technology, and War from Ancient Times to the Present, Volume 2 by : Paul Lococo
Download or read book War In World History: Society, Technology, and War from Ancient Times to the Present, Volume 2 written by Paul Lococo and published by McGraw-Hill Education. This book was released on 2008-08-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed for use at the college level as a textbook for military history courses or supplemental reading for world history courses, this text offers an introduction and original synthesis of global military history. Each chapter traces key developments in military institutions and practices set in three crucial contexts: politics and institutions; social structures and economics; and cultures. Primary sources throughout the text give students a look at the writings historians use to draw conclusions, while Issue Boxes raise and explore historiographical controversies in military history. A two-volume format follows the usual division of world and western civilization courses and allows a standard semester split of military history survey courses. Volume One covers 2000 BC through 1500 AD. Volume Two covers the dawn of global warfare in 1500 through the present.
Book Synopsis Warfare in World History by : Michael S. Neiberg
Download or read book Warfare in World History written by Michael S. Neiberg and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering the major periods of military history, Neiberg details the evolution of technology in weaponry as well as the social, political, and cultural forces at the heart of these key conflicts. From the pre-gunpowder era to the wars of liberation fought across the Third World, this ... survey focuses not only on the famous and heroic, but also on the countless millions who have fought for these causes throughout history.
Download or read book World War II written by Ryan Jenkins and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2014-09-11 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Look around our world today, and take special note of the technology and medicine that is a part of it. From the marvelous advances in health care prescriptions to flying vehicles like helicopters to weapons like missile launchers and guns, many of the things we use every day can be traced back to the advances made during World War II. This eBook is the perfect historical account of these technologies, giving you a detailed background of some of these important components of the modern world.Discover the great advancements in warfare made during the Second World War by reading about weapons such as the Norden Bomb-sight and the Sturmgewehr 44 gun. Marvel at the surprisingly futuristic advent of radar that was discovered during this period, as well as the development of what we know as the helicopterBe amazed at the impact that World War II had on modern medicine, with research that yielded the highly beneficial Penicillin. You will also gain knowledge of the evolution of rations for our armed forces, from hardtack to rations packs.From the avid historian to the WWII hobbyist, this book is an informative rundown on the far-reaching impact of discoveries and inventions from the period that still have an impact on us today. Order your copy now to learn more!Comments From Other Readers“History has always fascinated me, especially where the Second World War is concerned. It is always amazing to be reminded of how much this time period paved the way for many of the things we see every day. I was especially fascinated at the medical aspect of it; Penicillin was such a powerful discovery. A fine job by the author in hitting the highlights!” – Randy S. (Miami, USA)“The impact of WWII was obviously a worldwide one, but it was more than just the negative impacts of warfare. The discoveries and innovations that came forth because of the war were undoubtedly positive. Where would we be today without radar or helicopters? The medical accomplishments are also a highly beneficial advent that was derived from this time. Penicillin saved many lives, and discovering more sanitary practices in the operating room and in field hospitals forever changed how treatment worked. Thanks to the author, I can certainly appreciate how this war affected us in a new light.” – Thom O. (Wales, UK)“What a great, detailed book! This covers a lot of information without reading like a textbook. From helicopters to guns, to medicine, right down to things as simple as soldiers' rations, it's a wonder how much developed during the War, and at such a fast pace! I found this book to be very informative and enriching, and hope to read more about it in the future.” – Sue R. (Branson, USA)Tags: World War II, WWII, World War II technology, helicopter, rations, WWII medicine, Penicillin,
Download or read book War Machines written by Timothy Moy and published by Texas A&M University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the interwar years, from 1920 to 1940, leaders from the Army Air Corps and the Marine Corps recreated their agencies based on visions of new military technologies. In War Machines, Timothy Moy examines these recreations and explores how factors such as bureaucratic pressure, institutional culture, and America's technological enthusiasm shaped these leaders' choices. ". . . The clarity of (Moy's) presentation and thesis make this book an easy and valuable experience."--Journal of American History "This book's topic is particularly timely. War Machines offers insights about how institutional behavior molds technology selection that should be of value to today's strategists and force planners."--Air Power History "Moy provides the student of American military history with a cogent, articulate, astute, scholarly, and compelling analysis that will prove a greatly appreciated contribution as both a personal study and an academic reference."--The Midwest Book Review
Book Synopsis A Global History of Warfare and Technology by : Kaushik Roy
Download or read book A Global History of Warfare and Technology written by Kaushik Roy and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the global history of technology, warfare and state formation from the Stone Age to the Information Age. Using a combination of top-down and bottom-up methodologies, it examines both interstate and intrastate conflicts with a focus on Eurasian technology and warfare. It shows how human agency and structural factors have intertwined, creating a complex web of technology and warfare. It also explores the interplay between technological and non-technological factors to chart the evolution of warfare from its origins to the present day, arguing that the interactions between civilian and military sectors have shaped the use of technology in warfare. Given its scope and depth, it is a valuable resource for researchers in fields such as world history, history of science and technology, history of warfare and imperialism and international relations.
Book Synopsis Technology in Postwar America by : Carroll W. Pursell
Download or read book Technology in Postwar America written by Carroll W. Pursell and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carroll Pursell tells the story of the evolution of American technology since World War II. His fascinating and surprising history links pop culture icons with landmarks in technological innovation and shows how postwar politics left their mark on everything from television, automobiles, and genetically engineered crops to contraceptives, Tupperware, and the Veg-O-Matic. Just as America's domestic and international policies became inextricably linked during the Cold War, so did the nation's public and private technologies. The spread of the suburbs fed into demands for an interstate highway system, which itself became implicated in urban renewal projects. Fear of slipping into a postwar economic depression was offset by the creation of "a consumers' republic" in which buying and using consumer goods became the ultimate act of citizenship and a symbol of an "American Way of Life." Pursell begins with the events of World War II and the increasing belief that technological progress and the science that supported it held the key to a stronger, richer, and happier America. He looks at the effect of returning American servicemen and servicewomen and the Marshall Plan, which sought to integrate Western Europe into America's economic, business, and technological structure. He considers the accumulating "problems" associated with American technological supremacy, which, by the end of the 1960s, led to a crisis of confidence. Pursell concludes with an analysis of how consumer technologies create a cultural understanding that makes political technologies acceptable and even seem inevitable, while those same political technologies provide both form and content for the technologies found at home and at work. By understanding this history, Pursell hopes to advance a better understanding of the postwar American self.
Download or read book War Made New written by Max Boot and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2006-10-19 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A monumental, groundbreaking work, now in paperback, that shows how technological and strategic revolutions have transformed the battlefield Combining gripping narrative history with wide-ranging analysis, War Made New focuses on four "revolutions" in military affairs and describes how inventions ranging from gunpowder to GPS-guided air strikes have remade the field of battle—and shaped the rise and fall of empires. War Made New begins with the Gunpowder Revolution and explains warfare's evolution from ritualistic, drawn-out engagements to much deadlier events, precipitating the rise of the modern nation-state. He next explores the triumph of steel and steam during the Industrial Revolution, showing how it powered the spread of European colonial empires. Moving into the twentieth century and the Second Industrial Revolution, Boot examines three critical clashes of World War II to illustrate how new technology such as the tank, radio, and airplane ushered in terrifying new forms of warfare and the rise of centralized, and even totalitarian, world powers. Finally, Boot focuses on the Gulf War, the invasion of Afghanistan, and the Iraq War—arguing that even as cutting-edge technologies have made America the greatest military power in world history, advanced communications systems have allowed decentralized, "irregular" forces to become an increasingly significant threat.
Book Synopsis Engineering Victory by : Thomas F. Army Jr.
Download or read book Engineering Victory written by Thomas F. Army Jr. and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2016-06-01 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Superior engineering skills among Union soldiers helped ensure victory in the Civil War. Engineering Victory brings a fresh approach to the question of why the North prevailed in the Civil War. Historian Thomas F. Army, Jr., identifies strength in engineering—not superior military strategy or industrial advantage—as the critical determining factor in the war’s outcome. Army finds that Union soldiers were able to apply scientific ingenuity and innovation to complex problems in a way that Confederate soldiers simply could not match. Skilled Free State engineers who were trained during the antebellum period benefited from basic educational reforms, the spread of informal educational practices, and a culture that encouraged learning and innovation. During the war, their rapid construction and repair of roads, railways, and bridges allowed Northern troops to pass quickly through the forbidding terrain of the South as retreating and maneuvering Confederates struggled to cut supply lines and stop the Yankees from pressing any advantage. By presenting detailed case studies from both theaters of the war, Army clearly demonstrates how the soldiers’ education, training, and talents spelled the difference between success and failure, victory and defeat. He also reveals massive logistical operations as critical in determining the war’s outcome.
Book Synopsis Fire and Fortitude by : John C. McManus
Download or read book Fire and Fortitude written by John C. McManus and published by Dutton Caliber. This book was released on 2019 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "John C. McManus, one of our most highly-acclaimed historians of World War II, takes readers from Pearl Harbor--a rude awakening for a ragtag militia woefully unprepared for war--to Makin, a sliver of coral reef where the Army was tested against the increasingly-desperate Japanese. In between were nearly two years of punishing combat as the Army transformed, at times unsteadily, from an undertrained garrison force into an unstoppable juggernaut, and America evolved from an inward-looking nation into a global superpower."--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Moment of Battle written by James Lacey and published by Bantam. This book was released on 2013-05-21 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two modern masters of military history make their case for the twenty most pivotal battles of all time, in a riveting trip through the ages to those moments when the fate of the world hung in the balance. In the grand tradition of Edward Creasy’s classic Fifteen Decisive Battles of the World, James Lacey and Williamson Murray spotlight only those engagements that changed the course of civilization. In gripping narrative accounts they bring these conflicts and eras to vivid life, detailing the cultural imperatives that led inexorably to the battlefield, the experiences of the common soldiers who fought and died, and the legendary commanders and statesmen who matched wits, will, and nerve for the highest possible stakes. From the great clashes of antiquity to the high-tech wars of the twenty-first century, here are the stories of the twenty most consequential battles ever fought, including • Marathon, where Greece’s “greatest generation” repelled Persian forces three times their numbers—and saved Western civilization in its infancy • Adrianople, the death blow to a disintegrating Roman Empire • Trafalgar, the epic naval victory that cemented a century of British supremacy over the globe • Saratoga, the first truly American victory, won by united colonial militias, which ensured the ultimate triumph of the Revolution • Midway, the ferocious World War II sea battle that broke the back of the Japanese navy • Dien Bien Phu, the climactic confrontation between French imperial troops and Viet Minh rebels that led to American intervention in Vietnam and marked the rise of a new era of insurgent warfare • Operation Peach, the perilous 2003 mission to secure a vital bridge over the Euphrates River that would open the way to Baghdad Historians and armchair generals will argue forever about which battles have had the most direct impact on history. But there can be no doubt that these twenty are among those that set mankind on new trajectories. Each of these epochal campaigns is examined in its full historical, strategic, and tactical context—complete with edge-of-your-seat you-are-there battle re-creations. With an eye for the small detail as well as the bigger picture, Lacey and Murray identify the elements that bind these battles together: the key decisions, critical mistakes, and moments of crisis on which the fates of entire civilizations depended. Some battles merely leave a field littered with the bodies of the fallen. Others transform the map of the entire world. Moment of Battle is history written with the immediacy of today’s news, a magisterial tour d’horizon that refreshes our understanding of those essential turning points where the future was decided. A MAIN SELECTION OF THE HISTORY BOOK CLUB AND THE MILITARY BOOK CLUB “Two world-class historians present, eloquently and persuasively, twenty battles that fundamentally changed the course of history. Moment of Battle is a must acquisition for anyone seeking to understand the nature of human development—and its turning points.”—Dennis E. Showalter, professor of history, Colorado College, author of Armor and Blood “In a single volume, James Lacey and Williamson Murray have distilled a lifetime of learning and insight into the most influential battles in world history. This is a readable and compelling primer and a feast for the student of military history.”—James D. Hornfischer, author of Neptune’s Inferno: The U.S. Navy at Guadalcanal
