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Two And Three Dimensional Measurements In Flames
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Book Synopsis Two- and Three-Dimensional Measurements in Flames by : Marshall B. Long
Download or read book Two- and Three-Dimensional Measurements in Flames written by Marshall B. Long and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three-scalar measurements were made in a turbulent nonpremixed flame (Re=15000) to increase confidence in the two-scalar technique based on simultaneous imaging of Rayleigh scattering and fuel Raman scattering. Nitrogen Raman scattering was employed as an passive conserved scalar and mixture fraction was calculated by two independent approaches. These experiments showed that proper parameterization of mixture fraction-dependent terms appearing in the expression for mixture fraction can reduce deficiencies for lean values of mixture fraction and near stoichiometric. Additionally, the spatial resolution of the optical setup was characterized and determined to be sufficient for resolving scalar dissipation.
Book Synopsis Two- and Three-dimensional Measurements in Flames by : Marshall B. Long
Download or read book Two- and Three-dimensional Measurements in Flames written by Marshall B. Long and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three-scalar measurements were made in a turbulent nonpremixed flame (Re=15000) to increase confidence in the two-scalar technique based on simultaneous imaging of Rayleigh scattering and fuel Raman scattering. Nitrogen Raman scattering was employed as an passive conserved scalar and mixture fraction was calculated by two independent approaches. These experiments showed that proper parameterization of mixture fraction-dependent terms appearing in the expression for mixture fraction can reduce deficiencies for lean values of mixture fraction and near stoichiometric. Additionally, the spatial resolution of the optical setup was characterized and determined to be sufficient for resolving scalar dissipation.
Book Synopsis Two- and Three-Dimensional Measurements in Turbulent Nonpremixed Flames by :
Download or read book Two- and Three-Dimensional Measurements in Turbulent Nonpremixed Flames written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of an ongoing research program aimed at developing techniques capable of quantitative imaging of mixture fraction and scalar dissipation in turbulent flames, three-scalar measurements were made in a turbulent nonpremixed flame. The use of nitrogen Raman scattering to detect a passive conserved scalar made it possible to increase confidence in the two-scalar technique based on simultaneous imaging of Rayleigh scattering and fuel Raman scattering. These experiments showed that proper parameterization of mixture fraction-dependent terms appearing in the expression for mixture fraction can improve accuracy for lean values of mixture fraction as well as those near stoichiometric. Additionally, a new experimental technique was investigated which allows the extraction of velocity information from laser-based scalar imaging in turbulent flows. Preliminary results from simultaneous particle-imaging velocimetry (PIV) and optical flow velocimetry showed that this technique has potential for unseeded velocity measurements compatible with the mixture fraction imaging. The optical flow approach was based on extracting velocity vectors from the intensity variations naturally present in inhomogeneous turbulent flow images of a mixing-dependent scalar quantity.
Book Synopsis Nonlinear Spectroscopy of Multicomponent Droplets and Two- and Three-dimensional Measurements in Flames by : Richard Kounai Chang
Download or read book Nonlinear Spectroscopy of Multicomponent Droplets and Two- and Three-dimensional Measurements in Flames written by Richard Kounai Chang and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Combustion Institute (U.S.) Eastern States Section. Fall Technical Meeting Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :656 pages Book Rating :4.E/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Chemical and Physical Processes in Combustion by : Combustion Institute (U.S.) Eastern States Section. Fall Technical Meeting
Download or read book Chemical and Physical Processes in Combustion written by Combustion Institute (U.S.) Eastern States Section. Fall Technical Meeting and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Inverse Scattering Problems in Optics by : H.P. Baltes
Download or read book Inverse Scattering Problems in Optics written by H.P. Baltes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When, in the spring of 1979, H.P. Baltes presented me with the precursor of this vo 1 ume, the book on "Inverse Source Problems in Opti cs", I expressed my gratitude in a short note, 11hich in translation, reads: "Dear Dr. Ba ltes, the mere titl e of your unexpected gift evokes memori es of a period, which, in the terminology of your own contribution, would be described as the Stone Age of the Inverse Problem. Those were pleasant times. Walter Kohn and I lived in a cave by ourselves, drew pictures on the walls, and nobody seemed to care. Now, however, Inversion has become an Industry, which I contemplate with as much bewilderment as a surviving Tasmanian aborigine gazing at a modern oil refinery with its towers, its fl ares, and the confus i ng maze of its tubes." The present volume makes me feel even more aboriginal - impossible for me to fathom its content. What I can point out, however, is one of the forgotten origins of the Inverse Scattering Problem of Quantum Mechanics: Werner Heisenberg's "S-Matrix Theory" of 1943. This grandiose scheme had the purpose of eliminating the notion of the Hamiltonian in favour of the scattering operator. If Successful, it would have done away once and for all with any kind of inverse problem.
Book Synopsis Optical Metrology for Fluids, Combustion and Solids by : Carolyn Mercer
Download or read book Optical Metrology for Fluids, Combustion and Solids written by Carolyn Mercer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical Metrology for Fluids, Combustion and Solids is the first practical handbook that presents the assemblage of the techniques necessary to provide a basic understanding of optical measurement for fluids, combustion, and solids. The use of light as a measurement tool has grown over the past twenty years from a narrowly specialized activity to a mainstay of modern research today. Until recently, the knowledge that could be extracted from the light interaction of light with physical objects was limited to specialized activities. The invention of the laser, the computer and microelectronics has enabled a measurement revolution such that virtually every parameter of engineering interest can be measured using the minimally intrusive properties of light. The authors of this book's chapters are leaders in this revolution. They work on the front lines of research in government, industry, and universities, inventing yet more ways to harness the power of light for the generation of knowledge.
Book Synopsis Nonlinear Spectroscopy of Multicomponent Droplets and Two- and Three- Dimensional Measurements in Flames by :
Download or read book Nonlinear Spectroscopy of Multicomponent Droplets and Two- and Three- Dimensional Measurements in Flames written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significant progress has been made in the following two research areas: (1) Nonlinear spectroscopy of micrometer-size droplets; and (2) Development and application of two- and three- dimensional scalar measurement techniques in flames. In the nonlinear spectroscopy area, the following achievements are reported: (1) Laser-induced shape deformation of transparent droplets by electrostriction, which pushes against the surface tension force and causes the droplet to bulge; (2) Laser-induced shape deformation by heating of absorbing droplets, which were imaged with fluorescence photography; (3) Laser- induced breakdown which quenches the stimulated Raman scattering (SRS); (4) Excitation of SRS with single-mode and multimode Q-switched lasers; and (5) Four-wave mixing processes in droplets, such as third-order sum frequency generation. Achievements in multidimensional scalar imaging include the following: (1) Measurement of the time evolution in premixed H2-air flames using imaging techniques: (2) Development of new techniques for following the time evolution of flow structures in three dimensions; (3) Introduction of a technique for visualizing supersonic flows using Rayleigh scattering from condensed-phase droplets; (4) Measurement of the complete scalar gradient in a nonreacting flow, which allows calculation of the scalar dissipation; (5) Simultaneous CH and CH4 mapping in a turbulent nonpremixed flame, and (6) Investigation of differential diffusion effects.
Book Synopsis Technical Reports Awareness Circular : TRAC. by :
Download or read book Technical Reports Awareness Circular : TRAC. written by and published by . This book was released on 1989-05 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Turbulent Reactive Flows by : R. Borghi
Download or read book Turbulent Reactive Flows written by R. Borghi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-08 with total page 958 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Turbulent reactive flows are of common occurrance in combustion engineering, chemical reactor technology and various types of engines producing power and thrust utilizing chemical and nuclear fuels. Pollutant formation and dispersion in the atmospheric environment and in rivers, lakes and ocean also involve interactions between turbulence, chemical reactivity and heat and mass transfer processes. Considerable advances have occurred over the past twenty years in the understanding, analysis, measurement, prediction and control of turbulent reactive flows. Two main contributors to such advances are improvements in instrumentation and spectacular growth in computation: hardware, sciences and skills and data processing software, each leading to developments in others. Turbulence presents several features that are situation-specific. Both for that reason and a number of others, it is yet difficult to visualize a so-called solution of the turbulence problem or even a generalized approach to the problem. It appears that recognition of patterns and structures in turbulent flow and their study based on considerations of stability, interactions, chaos and fractal character may be opening up an avenue of research that may be leading to a generalized approach to classification and analysis and, possibly, prediction of specific processes in the flowfield. Predictions for engineering use, on the other hand, can be foreseen for sometime to come to depend upon modeling of selected features of turbulence at various levels of sophistication dictated by perceived need and available capability.
Book Synopsis ARO and AFOSR Contractors Meeting in Chemical Propulsion, Held in Virginia Beach, Virginia on 3-6 June 1996 by : David M. Mann
Download or read book ARO and AFOSR Contractors Meeting in Chemical Propulsion, Held in Virginia Beach, Virginia on 3-6 June 1996 written by David M. Mann and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Partial contents: Supercritical droplet behavior; Fundamentals of acoustic instabilities in liquid-propellant rockets; Modeling liquid jet atomization proceses; Liquid-propellant droplets dynamics and combustions in supercritical forced convective environments; Contributions of shear coaxial injectors to liquid rocket motor combustion instabilities; High pressure combustion studies under combustion driven oscillatory flow conditions; Droplet collision on liquid propellant combustion; Combustion and plumes; Development of a collisional radiative emission model for strongly nonequilibrium flows; Energy transfer processes in the production of excited states in reacting rocket flows; modeling nonequilibrium radiation in high altitude plumes; kinetics of plume radiation, and of HEDMs and metallic fuels combustion; Nonsteady combustion mechanisms of advanced solid propellants; Chemical mechanisms at the burning surface. p15
Book Synopsis Advanced Diagnostics in Combustion Science by : Zhen-Yu Tian
Download or read book Advanced Diagnostics in Combustion Science written by Zhen-Yu Tian and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-12 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook, supported by the Textbook Publishing Center of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, provides a fundamental introduction to advanced diagnostics techniques for graduate students majoring in combustion science, chemistry, and chemical engineering-related subjects. The textbook provides an overview with respect to the spectroscopic methods in advanced diagnostics techniques such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, thermochemical analysis, Raman scattering, and nuclear magnetic resonance. It then describes the comprehensive basic theory, equipment structure, and testing methods of diagnostic techniques and summarizes the analysis methods commonly used in combustion chemical reaction processes. This can provide graduate students with important guidance and comprehensive understanding of diagnostics techniques before performing physics and chemistry experiments. In addition, it provides an introduction into using common mathematical and graphics packages for students to acquire and practice the tools to comply with international standards. The textbook is concise and illustrative and includes hot issues and current progress of diagnostics. In addition, exercises and questions are included at the end of each chapter for students to practice and gain hands-on experience. Given its scope, the textbook is of great benefit to graduate students in combustion chemistry and engineering and other related areas such as environmental science, optical engineering, and thermal science and is also beneficial for researchers with interdisciplinary backgrounds.
Book Synopsis Handbook Of Flow Visualization by : Wen Jei Yang
Download or read book Handbook Of Flow Visualization written by Wen Jei Yang and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-19 with total page 723 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions from some of the world's leading experts, the second edition of this classic reference compiles all major techniques of flow visualization and demonstrates their applications in all fields of science and technology. A new chapter has been added that covers flow visualization applications in large wide tunnels for airplane and automobile testing. Several important examples of applications are included. A second new chapter details the use of infrared (IR) cameras for detecting and observing the boundary layer transition in industrial wind tunnels and flight testing of commercial transport airplanes. A final new chapter has been added on multiphase flow and pulsed-light velocimetry.
Book Synopsis Government Reports Annual Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 1656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Use of Services for Family Planning and Infertility, United States, 1982 by : Gerry E. Hendershot
Download or read book Use of Services for Family Planning and Infertility, United States, 1982 written by Gerry E. Hendershot and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 982 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1982 statistics on the use of family planning and infertility services presented in this report are preliminary results from Cycle III of the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG), conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics. Data were collected through personal interviews with a multistage area probability sample of 7969 women aged 15-44. A detailed series of questions was asked to obtain relatively complete estimates of the extent and type of family planning services received. Statistics on family planning services are limited to women who were able to conceive 3 years before the interview date. Overall, 79% of currently mrried nonsterile women reported using some type of family planning service during the previous 3 years. There were no statistically significant differences between white (79%), black (75%) or Hispanic (77%) wives, or between the 2 income groups. The 1982 survey questions were more comprehensive than those of earlier cycles of the survey. The annual rate of visits for family planning services in 1982 was 1077 visits /1000 women. Teenagers had the highest annual visit rate (1581/1000) of any age group for all sources of family planning services combined. Visit rates declined sharply with age from 1447 at ages 15-24 to 479 at ages 35-44. Similar declines with age also were found in the visit rates for white and black women separately. Nevertheless, the annual visit rate for black women (1334/1000) was significantly higher than that for white women (1033). The highest overall visit rate was for black women 15-19 years of age (1867/1000). Nearly 2/3 of all family planning visits were to private medical sources. Teenagers of all races had higher family planning service visit rates to clinics than to private medical sources, as did black women age 15-24. White women age 20 and older had higher visit rates to private medical services than to clinics. Never married women had higher visit rates to clinics than currently or formerly married women. Data were also collected in 1982 on use of medical services for infertility by women who had difficulty in conceiving or carrying a pregnancy to term. About 1 million ever married women had 1 or more infertility visits in the 12 months before the interview. During the 3 years before interview, about 1.9 million women had infertility visits. For all ever married women, as well as for white and black women separately, infertility services were more likely to be secured from private medical sources than from clinics. The survey design, reliability of the estimates and the terms used are explained in the technical notes.
