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Turbulent Mixing In Supersonic High Temperature Exhaust Jets
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Author :Lei-Yong Jiang Publisher :National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada ISBN 13 :9780612073128 Total Pages :328 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (731 download)
Book Synopsis Turbulent Mixing in Supersonic High-temperature Exhaust Jets by : Lei-Yong Jiang
Download or read book Turbulent Mixing in Supersonic High-temperature Exhaust Jets written by Lei-Yong Jiang and published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. This book was released on 1996 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Generation and Radiation of Supersonic Jet Noise by : H. K. Tanna
Download or read book The Generation and Radiation of Supersonic Jet Noise written by H. K. Tanna and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The characteristics, both spectral and directivity, of the sound field of supersonic shock-free jets are studied by measuring the turbulent mixing noise in the far field from four two-inch diameter nozzles, namely a convergent nozzle for pressure ratios up to critical and three convergent- divergent nozzles having nominal design Mach numbers of 1.4, 1.7, and 2.0, respectively. The measurements were conducted in a free-field environment. The results from 75 jet exit conditions are presented in a systematic manner in the form of tabulated one-third octave spectra. The test program was carefully planned in order to obtain results (i) at constant jet efflux temperature with varying jet velocity, and conversely (ii) at constant exit velocity while varying jet efflux temperature. The effects of jet velocity and exhaust temperature on turbulent mixing noise can therefore be assessed independently.
Book Synopsis The Generation and Radiation of Supersonic Jet Noise. Volume 3. Turbulent Mixing Noise Data by :
Download or read book The Generation and Radiation of Supersonic Jet Noise. Volume 3. Turbulent Mixing Noise Data written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The characteristics, both spectral and directivity, of the sound field of supersonic shock-free jets are studied by measuring the turbulent mixing noise in the far field from four two-inch diameter nozzles, namely a convergent nozzle for pressure ratios up to critical and three convergent- divergent nozzles having nominal design Mach numbers of 1.4, 1.7, and 2.0, respectively. The measurements were conducted in a free-field environment. The results from 75 jet exit conditions are presented in a systematic manner in the form of tabulated one-third octave spectra. The test program was carefully planned in order to obtain results (i) at constant jet efflux temperature with varying jet velocity, and conversely (ii) at constant exit velocity while varying jet efflux temperature. The effects of jet velocity and exhaust temperature on turbulent mixing noise can therefore be assessed independently.
Book Synopsis Supersonic Jet Exhaust Noise Investigation. Volume II. Technical Report by : Paul R. Knott
Download or read book Supersonic Jet Exhaust Noise Investigation. Volume II. Technical Report written by Paul R. Knott and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report discusses detailed accounts of major theoretical and experimental investigations directed toward obtaining better understanding and mathematical specification of supersonic turbulent jets. Complete theoretical discussions are given describing the influence of a jet's mean flow shrouding on acoustic radiation of heated and unheated jets, approximate closed form acoustic expressions for turbulent mixing noise characterized by self-noise and shear-noise are given, and theoretical aero-acoustic formulations for the orderly structure of supersonic jets are reviewed. Extensive theory/data comparisons of developed acoustic models are given. Experimental investigations aimed at studying high velocity jet refraction, and the influence of jet swirl and upstream combustion roughness on jet noise is presented. Additionally, an extensive series of laser velocimeter measurements for high velocity and high temperature simple circular jets is discussed. Results include hot-film/laser velocimeter comparisons for ambient jets, mean velocity and turbulent velocity plume surveys of heated supersonic shock-free and shocked flow nozzles, and a demonstration experiment illustrating the capability of performing in-jet turbulence to far-field acoustic cross-correlation. (Author).
Book Synopsis Preliminary Results on the Turbulent Mixing of Supersonic Jets by : A. M. Kuethe
Download or read book Preliminary Results on the Turbulent Mixing of Supersonic Jets written by A. M. Kuethe and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Supersonic Jet Exhaust Noise Investigation. Volume I. Summary Report by : Paul R. Knott
Download or read book Supersonic Jet Exhaust Noise Investigation. Volume I. Summary Report written by Paul R. Knott and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes major theoretical aerodynamic and acoustic developments and experimental findings aimed at providing a better understanding and a detailed mathematical specification of the noise-producing sources of simple exhaust jets. A review is given of calculation procedures for shock wave structure and flow field properties of simple circular jets. Results of new theoretical acoustic developments illustrating the influence of a jet's mean flow shrouding on jet acoustic radiation for unheated and heated jets are outlined. Additional discussions of interesting insights regarding the classical turbulent mixing theory of jet noise and the aeroacoustic formulations for a jet's orderly structure are given. Summaries of a series of high velocity, high temperature velocity field measurements using a General Electric developed laser velocimeter are discussed, and the application of the velocimeter for performing turbulence spectra and in-jet to far-field cross-correlation type measurements is reviewed. Key experiments illustrating the influence of swirl and combustion roughness on jet noise generation/reduction are presented. Results of high velocity and high temperature refraction experiments are also discussed, as well as discussions concerning jet flow amplifying effects of injected low frequency noise. Additionally, suggestions concerning shock-related noise as related to full-size engines are given. And finally, recommendations for future investigations are given. (Author).
Book Synopsis supersonic mixing of jets and turbulent boundary layers by : harry e bailey, arnold m kuotho
Download or read book supersonic mixing of jets and turbulent boundary layers written by harry e bailey, arnold m kuotho and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Supersonic Mixing of Jets and Turbulent Boundary Layers by : Harry Edward Bailey
Download or read book Supersonic Mixing of Jets and Turbulent Boundary Layers written by Harry Edward Bailey and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Aeroacoustic Characterization of Dual-Stream, Supersonic, Rectangular Exhaust Jets by : Scott Michael Hromisin
Download or read book Aeroacoustic Characterization of Dual-Stream, Supersonic, Rectangular Exhaust Jets written by Scott Michael Hromisin and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A continued desire for high-performing tactical military aircraft motivates the advancement of low-bypass ratio turbofan engine technologies. The high-speed, high-temperature jets exhausting from these engines create dangerously high noise levels in the vicinity of the aircraft and are a source of noise pollution for communities surrounding military bases. Methods to reduce noise without negatively impacting aircraft performance are difficult. Low-bypass ratio, multi-stream exhaust engine architectures for tactical aircraft are currently under development. The concept aims to enhance fuel efficiency while still maintaining the high specific thrusts required to minimize engine size. It is anticipated that the engine nozzles will have low-aspect ratio, rectangular shapes.The primary goal of this study seeks to gain insight into the aeroacoustic and mean-flow characteristics of low-bypass ratio, rectangular, dual-stream, supersonic jets. Accurate comparisons of the noise radiated from these military-style, dual-stream jets with single-stream jets are lacking. Emphasis is placed on studying the effects of dual-stream nozzle configuration and comparing the noise of dual-stream jets with single-stream jets. Comparisons between jets are made on an equal estimated thrust and mass flow rate basis.Pitot pressure data acquired at the exit planes of the dual-stream nozzles are used to assess the accuracy of thrust and mass flow rate estimates. It is found that the experimentally estimated thrust values agree to within 6\% of the theoretical estimates, while the experimentally estimated mass flow rates agree to within 1\% of the theoretical estimates. Stream-wise Pitot pressure measurements and schlieren flow visualizations are used to characterize the dual-stream jet flow fields. Centroid line Mach numbers and shear layer thickness are compared with single-jet data. Fully-developed, dual-stream jet axial velocity profiles collapse to a self-similar shape.Far-field acoustic measurements aimed at isolating the effects of jet operating conditions are presented. The effects of bypass-to-core jet velocity ratio, and net thrust, on the far-field noise are also studied. Increases in core jet velocity result in an increase in peak noise levels as well as an upstream shift in the peak noise direction. For subsonic core jet velocities, the thin bypass jet is found to make a 5dB OASPL contribution to the turbulent mixing noise. Turbulent mixing noise decreases with decreasing bypass-to-core jet velocity ratio.The effects of bypass ratio on noise is are presented for dual-stream jet with a single fluid shield and two, symmetric fluid shield. As bypass ratio is increased, the mixing noise of the symmetric jet is reduced but the mixing noise is invariant for the fluid shield jet. At a bypass ratio of 0.50, the broadband shock-associated noise of the single fluid shield jet is eliminated.Flow field measurements show that the shock noise reduction is due to a weakening of the semi-regular shock-cell system in the jet. This trend is not observed for the symmetric fluid shield jet. The results indicate that nozzle configuration, i.e., the placement of the bypass jet(s) relative to the core jet, affects which noise components are sensitive to changes in operating conditions. The effects of an aft deck installed downstream of the dual-stream nozzle exit plane are also studied.The noise radiated from the single fluid shield and symmetric fluid shield jets is compared with equivalent single-stream round and rectangular jets. In the minor axis direction, the peak noise levels of dual-stream jets are within 1dB OASPL of the equivalent round jet, but up to 4dB OASPL louder than the equivalent rectangular jet. A second series of comparisons are presented for the single fluid shield jet operating at elevated bypass ratios, up to 0.91. In the minor axis direction, the dual-stream jets reduce overall sound pressure level by 4dB compared with the equivalent round and rectangular jets.
Book Synopsis Turbulent Mixing Noise from Supersonic Jets by : Christopher K. W. Tam
Download or read book Turbulent Mixing Noise from Supersonic Jets written by Christopher K. W. Tam and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781719388535 Total Pages :26 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (885 download)
Book Synopsis Piv Measurements of Supersonic Internally-Mixed Dual-Stream Jets by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Piv Measurements of Supersonic Internally-Mixed Dual-Stream Jets written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-05-22 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While externally mixed, or separate flow, nozzle systems are most common in high bypass-ratio aircraft, they are not as attractive for use in lower bypass-ratio systems and on aircraft that will fly supersonically. The noise of such propulsion systems is also dominated by jet noise, making the study and noise reduction of these exhaust systems very important, both for military aircraft and future civilian supersonic aircraft. This paper presents particle image velocimetry of internally mixed nozzle with different area ratios between core and bypass, and nozzles that are ideally expanded and convergent. Such configurations independently control the geometry of the internal mixing layer and of the external shock structure. These allow exploration of the impact of shocks on the turbulent mixing layers, the impact of bypass ratio on broadband shock noise and mixing noise, and the impact of temperature on the turbulent flow field. At the 2009 AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference the authors presented data and analysis from a series of tests that looked at the acoustics of supersonic jets from internally mixed nozzles. In that paper the broadband shock and mixing noise components of the jet noise were independently manipulated by holding Mach number constant while varying bypass ratio and jet temperature. Significant portions of that analysis was predicated on assumptions regarding the flow fields of these jets, both shock structure and turbulence. In this paper we add to that analysis by presenting particle image velocimetry measurements of the flow fields of many of those jets. In addition, the turbulent velocity data documented here will be very useful for validation of computational flow codes that are being developed to design advanced nozzles for future aircraft. Bridges, James E. and Wernet, Mark P. Glenn Research Center PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY; SUPERSONIC JET FLOW; AIRPORTS; AIRCRAFT NOISE; SUPERSONIC AIRCRAFT; AEROACOUSTICS; DIRECTIVITY; FAR FIELDS; NOISE REDUCTION; NOZZLE FLOW; CONVERGENT-DIVERGENT NOZZLES; BYPASS RATIO; FLOW DISTRIBUTION
Book Synopsis Supersonic Jet Exhaust Noise by : M. J. Benzakein
Download or read book Supersonic Jet Exhaust Noise written by M. J. Benzakein and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 952 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report summarizes the results obtained at General Electric during the first phase of the Air Force Supersonic Exhaust Noise - Velocity Model Program. The overall objective of the program is to develop the technology to significantly reduce supersonic aircraft propulsion system noise with minimum associated performance and weight penalties. To fulfill that objective, research is being carried out to develop the experimental techniques and the necessary theory to reveal the basic mechanisms of jet generated noise through the range of velocities and temperatures typical of present and future military and commercial supersonic aircraft propulsion systems. A comprehensive aerodynamic analytical model describing the flow mechanisms in supersonic jets is presented and compared with experimental data. A large number of theoretical models describing supersonic far field jet noise are evaluated. (Author).
Book Synopsis Mixing of Supersonic Jets Including the Effects of Transvere Pressure Gradient Using Difference Methods by : Anatole P. Kurkov
Download or read book Mixing of Supersonic Jets Including the Effects of Transvere Pressure Gradient Using Difference Methods written by Anatole P. Kurkov and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The usual boundary-layer equations describing the steady-state mixing of parallel jets are supplemented by the momentum equation in the direction normal to the flow. This allows detailed computation of the flow field in the mixing region and simultaneous computation of the outer inviscid flow. An explicit and an implicit finite difference scheme have been developed and applied in several illustrative examples. The examples include mixing of planar and axisymmetric supersonic jets of different composition with both matched and unmatched static pressures. Numerical results were compared with available experimental data obtained for the unmatched pressure case.
Book Synopsis High Resolution Measurements of Supersonic Mixing and Combustion in Coflowing Turbulent Jets by :
Download or read book High Resolution Measurements of Supersonic Mixing and Combustion in Coflowing Turbulent Jets written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An experimental study of compressibility effects on the large scale structure and outer variable scaling laws of a coflowing turbulent jet was partially completed. Results showed distinct large scale structure and classical incompressible scaling where the convective Mach number has decreased to subsonic values. At supersonic convective Mach numbers no large scale structure was seen and incompressible scalings were dramatically modified. Experiments also showed strong effects due to oblique shock wave interactions with combustion in supersonic turbulent jets. OH PLIF imaging measurements comparing subsonic and supersonic jets documented striking differences in their mixing and combustion properties. Combined OH/CH PLIF imaging measurements found large differences in the combustion properties of jet flames created by small differences in the fuel injection design. A theoretical study of density effects due to combustion heat release on the outer variable scalings of turbulent shear flows was completed. This study produced a general methodology for predicting the changes in such quantities as growth rates, velocity decay, and entrainment and mixing rates due to heat release. Comparisons with measured heat release effects in the literature, including planar and axisymmetric jet flames as well as mixing layers, showed excellent agreement with this general approach.
Book Synopsis Turbulent mixing in supersonic jets by : Krishnamurthy Viswanathan
Download or read book Turbulent mixing in supersonic jets written by Krishnamurthy Viswanathan and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Jet in Supersonic Crossflow by : Mingbo Sun
Download or read book Jet in Supersonic Crossflow written by Mingbo Sun and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-18 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on research into jets in supersonic crossflow carried out by the authors’ team over the past 15 years, this book summarizes and presents many cutting-edge findings and analyses on this subject. It tackles the complicated mixing process of gas jets and atomization process of liquid jets in supersonic crossflow, and studies their physical mechanisms. Advanced experimental and numerical techniques are applied to further readers’ understanding of atomization, mixing, and combustion of fuel jets in supersonic crossflow, which can promote superior fuel injection design in scramjet engines. The book offers a valuable reference guide for all researchers and engineers working on the design of scramjet engines, and will also benefit graduate students majoring in aeronautical and aerospace engineering.
Book Synopsis Supersonic Jet Exhaust Noise Investigation. Volume III. Computer User's Manual for Aero-Acoustic Predictions by : David R. Ferguson
Download or read book Supersonic Jet Exhaust Noise Investigation. Volume III. Computer User's Manual for Aero-Acoustic Predictions written by David R. Ferguson and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 683 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report gives a detailed description of aerodynamic (Shock-free/Shocked flow) and acoustic turbulent mixing computer prediction programs developed by the General Electric Company for subsonic and supersonic simple exhaust jets. In addition to giving detailed descriptions of the aeroacoustic formulations and discussions of computer manual instructions for operating the program, extensive theory/data comparisons are given, as well as computer program listings and sample test cases. (Author).
