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Author : Gabriel Andrade
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031728068
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Trolleyology in Medicine written by Gabriel Andrade and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gabriel. Andrade
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783031728051
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (28 download)
Download or read book Trolleyology in Medicine written by Gabriel. Andrade and published by Springer. This book was released on 2024-11-08 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of how the intricacies of the Trolley Problem shed light on various aspects of medical ethics. It shows how trolley dilemmas have become useful to ethicists to the extent that they activate intuitions and provide guidance about what the relevant moral principle ought to be in judging specific actions. Issues are covered at length such as euthanasia, where it is important to determine a relevant difference between killing and letting die; and abortion, where it is necessary to establish if harms can be used as a means to an end. While specialists in medical ethics have argued about these topics at length, few have established connections with the complexities of trolley cases. The Trolley Problem has now become a staple of pop culture and yet, outside philosophy, few people understand its implications. Consequently, this book is of interest to those with a general interest in philosophy, students, researchers as well as those in the healthcare industry where many of the difficult moral decisions encountered are better informed by framing them around the intricacies of the Trolley Problem.
Author : Peter Baldwin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316518337
Total Pages : 395 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (165 download)
Download or read book Fighting the First Wave written by Peter Baldwin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-03-18 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why did the world's nations fight the Covid-19 pandemic in such different ways and with such varying results?
Author : David Edmonds
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400848385
Total Pages : 239 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)
Download or read book Would You Kill the Fat Man? written by David Edmonds and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2013-10-06 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the bestselling coauthor of Wittgenstein's Poker, a fascinating tour through the history of moral philosophy A runaway train is racing toward five men who are tied to the track. Unless the train is stopped, it will inevitably kill all five men. You are standing on a footbridge looking down on the unfolding disaster. However, a fat man, a stranger, is standing next to you: if you push him off the bridge, he will topple onto the line and, although he will die, his chunky body will stop the train, saving five lives. Would you kill the fat man? The question may seem bizarre. But it's one variation of a puzzle that has baffled moral philosophers for almost half a century and that more recently has come to preoccupy neuroscientists, psychologists, and other thinkers as well. In this book, David Edmonds, coauthor of the bestselling Wittgenstein's Poker, tells the riveting story of why and how philosophers have struggled with this ethical dilemma, sometimes called the trolley problem. In the process, he provides an entertaining and informative tour through the history of moral philosophy. Most people feel it's wrong to kill the fat man. But why? After all, in taking one life you could save five. As Edmonds shows, answering the question is far more complex—and important—than it first appears. In fact, how we answer it tells us a great deal about right and wrong.
Author : David Černý
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000061868
Total Pages : 187 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book The Principle of Double Effect written by David Černý and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-03-20 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive history of the principle of double effect and its applications in ethics. Written from a non-theological perspective, it makes the case for the centrality of the double effect reasoning in philosophical ethics. The book is divided into two parts. The first part thoroughly examines the history of double effect reasoning. The author’s history spans from Thomas Aquinas’s opera omnia to the modern and influential understanding of the principle known as proportionalism. The second part of the book elucidates the principle and addresses various objections that have been raised against it, including those that arise from an in-depth discussion of the trolley problem. Finally, the author examines the role of intentions in ethical thinking and constructs a novel defense of the principle based on fine distinctions between intentions. The Principle of Double Effect: A History and Philosophical Defense will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working in moral philosophy, the history of ethics, bioethics, medical ethics, and the Catholic moral tradition.
Author : Jeroen van den Hoven
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521119464
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (211 download)
Download or read book Designing in Ethics written by Jeroen van den Hoven and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-10-26 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows how an emphasis on design can help us usefully apply ethics to a world built on institutions and technology.
Author : Joshua Greene
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0143126059
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (431 download)
Download or read book Moral Tribes written by Joshua Greene and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2014-12-30 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Surprising and remarkable…Toggling between big ideas, technical details, and his personal intellectual journey, Greene writes a thesis suitable to both airplane reading and PhD seminars.”—The Boston Globe Our brains were designed for tribal life, for getting along with a select group of others (Us) and for fighting off everyone else (Them). But modern times have forced the world’s tribes into a shared space, resulting in epic clashes of values along with unprecedented opportunities. As the world shrinks, the moral lines that divide us become more salient and more puzzling. We fight over everything from tax codes to gay marriage to global warming, and we wonder where, if at all, we can find our common ground. A grand synthesis of neuroscience, psychology, and philosophy, Moral Tribes reveals the underlying causes of modern conflict and lights the way forward. Greene compares the human brain to a dual-mode camera, with point-and-shoot automatic settings (“portrait,” “landscape”) as well as a manual mode. Our point-and-shoot settings are our emotions—efficient, automated programs honed by evolution, culture, and personal experience. The brain’s manual mode is its capacity for deliberate reasoning, which makes our thinking flexible. Point-and-shoot emotions make us social animals, turning Me into Us. But they also make us tribal animals, turning Us against Them. Our tribal emotions make us fight—sometimes with bombs, sometimes with words—often with life-and-death stakes. A major achievement from a rising star in a new scientific field, Moral Tribes will refashion your deepest beliefs about how moral thinking works and how it can work better.
Author : Frances Myrna Kamm
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190247150
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)
Download or read book The Trolley Problem Mysteries written by Frances Myrna Kamm and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rigorous treatment of a thought experiment that has become notorious within and outside of philosophy - The Trolley Problem - by one of the most influential moral philosophers alive today Suppose you can stop a trolley from killing five people, but only by turning it onto a side track where it will kill one. May you turn the trolley? What if the only way to rescue the five is to topple a bystander in front of the trolley so that his body stops it but he dies? May you use a device to stop the trolley that will kill a bystander as a side effect? The "Trolley Problem" challenges us to explain and justify our different intuitive judgments about these and related cases and has spawned a huge literature. F.M. Kamm's 2013 Tanner Lectures present some of her views on this notorious moral conundrum. After providing a brief history of changing views of what the problem is about and attempts to solve it, she focuses on two prominent issues: Does who turns the trolley and how the harm is shifted affect the moral permissibility of acting? The answers to these questions lead to general proposals about when we may and may not harm some to help others. Three distinguished philosophers - Judith Jarvis Thomson (one of the originators of the trolley problem), Thomas Hurka, and Shelly Kagan - then comment on Kamm's proposals. She responds to each comment at length, providing an exceptionally rich elaboration and defense of her views. The Trolley Problem Mysteries is an invaluable resource not only to philosophers concerned about the Trolley Problem, but to anyone worried about how we ought to act when we can lessen harm to some by harming others and how we can reach a decision about the question.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 934 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book The Economist written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 934 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Hallvard Lillehammer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009255649
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (92 download)
Download or read book The Trolley Problem written by Hallvard Lillehammer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-12-31 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Trolley Problem is one of the most intensively discussed and controversial puzzles in contemporary moral philosophy. Over the last half-century, it has also become something of a cultural phenomenon, having been the subject of scientific experiments, online polls, television programs, computer games, and several popular books. This volume offers newly written chapters on a range of topics including the formulation of the Trolley Problem and its standard variations; the evaluation of different forms of moral theory; the neuroscience and social psychology of moral behavior; and the application of thought experiments to moral dilemmas in real life. The chapters are written by leading experts on moral theory, applied philosophy, neuroscience, and social psychology, and include several authors who have set the terms of the ongoing debates. The volume will be valuable for students and scholars working on any aspect of the Trolley Problem and its intellectual significance.
Author : Bryan Hall
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 135008364X
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (5 download)
Download or read book An Ethical Guidebook to the Zombie Apocalypse written by Bryan Hall and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2019-12-12 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When your base camp is overrun by zombies, whom do you save if you cannot save everyone? Is it permissible to sacrifice one survivor to an undead horde in order to save a greater number of the living? Do you have obligations to loved ones who have turned? These are some of the troubling ethical questions you might face in a zombie apocalypse. Bryan Hall uses situations like these to creatively introduce the foundational theories of moral philosophy. Covering major thinkers such as Aristotle, Immanuel Kant, and John Stuart Mill, this is an introduction to Ethics like no other: a practical guidebook for surviving a zombie outbreak with your humanity intact. It shows you why moral reasoning matters as long as you still walk among the living. The book is written entirely from the perspective of someone struggling to survive in a world overrun by the undead. Each chapter begins with graphic art and a “field exercise” that uses a story from this world to illustrate an ethical problem. By considering moral controversies through the unfamiliar context of a zombie apocalypse, the morally irrelevant factors that get in the way of resolving these controversies are removed and you can better answer questions such as: · Do we have a moral obligation to help those less fortunate than ourselves? · Is it ever morally permissible to intentionally kill an innocent person? · Are non-rational but sentient beings morally considerable? Equipped with further reading sections and overviews of the theories that you would usually cover in an introductory Ethics course, this one-of-a-kind primer critically evaluates different procedures for moral action that you can use not only to survive but flourish in an undead world.
Author : Susan B. Levin
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190051515
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Posthuman Bliss? written by Susan B. Levin and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-12-03 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A tightly argued and expansive examination of the pitfalls of transhumanism that reacquaints us with what it means to live well. Advocates of transhumanism, or "radical" enhancement, urge us to pursue the biotechnological heightening of select capacities -- above all, cognitive ability -- so far beyond any human limit that the beings with those capacities would exist on a higher ontological plane. For proponents of such views, humanity's self-transcendence through advancements in science and technology may even be morally required. Consequently, the human stakes of how we respond to transhumanism are immeasurably high. In Posthuman Bliss? The Failed Promise of Transhumanism, Susan B. Levin challenges transhumanists' overarching commitments regarding the mind and brain, ethics, liberal democracy, knowledge, and reality, showing their notion of humanity's self-transcendence into "posthumanity" to be little more than fantasy. Uniting philosophical with scientific arguments, Levin mounts a significant challenge to transhumanists' claim that science and technology support their vision of posthumanity. In a clear and engaging style, she dismantles transhumanists' breezy assurances that posthumans will emerge if we but allocate sufficient resources to that end. Far from offering theoretical and practical "proof of concept" for the vision that they urge upon us, Levin argues, transhumanists engage inadequately with cognitive psychology, biology, and neuroscience, often relying on questionable or outdated views within those fields. Having shown in depth why transhumanism should be rejected, Levin argues forcefully for a holistic perspective on living well that is rooted in Aristotle's virtue ethics but that is adapted to liberal democracy. This holism is thoroughly human, in the best of senses: It directs us to consider worthy ends for us as human beings and to do the irreplaceable work of understanding ourselves rather than relying on technology and science to be our salvation.
Author : Cathy Gere
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022650199X
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (265 download)
Download or read book Pain, Pleasure, and the Greater Good written by Cathy Gere and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-10-19 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How should we weigh the costs and benefits of scientific research on humans? Is it right that a small group of people should suffer in order that a larger number can live better, healthier lives? Or is an individual truly sovereign, unable to be plotted as part of such a calculation? These are questions that have bedeviled scientists, doctors, and ethicists for decades, and in Pain, Pleasure, and the Greater Good, Cathy Gere presents the gripping story of how we have addressed them over time. Today, we are horrified at the idea that a medical experiment could be performed on someone without consent. But, as Gere shows, that represents a relatively recent shift: for more than two centuries, from the birth of utilitarianism in the eighteenth century, the doctrine of the greater good held sway. If a researcher believed his work would benefit humanity, then inflicting pain, or even death, on unwitting or captive subjects was considered ethically acceptable. It was only in the wake of World War II, and the revelations of Nazi medical atrocities, that public and medical opinion began to change, culminating in the National Research Act of 1974, which mandated informed consent. Showing that utilitarianism is based in the idea that humans are motivated only by pain and pleasure, Gere cautions that that greater good thinking is on the upswing again today and that the lesson of history is in imminent danger of being lost. Rooted in the experiences of real people, and with major consequences for how we think about ourselves and our rights, Pain, Pleasure, and the Greater Good is a dazzling, ambitious history.
Author : Geoffrey S. Holtzman
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030561348
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)
Download or read book Does Neuroscience Have Normative Implications? written by Geoffrey S. Holtzman and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-31 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together a number of essays that are optimistic about the ways certain neuroscientific insights might advance philosophical ethics, and other essays that are more circumspect about the relevance of neuroscience to philosophical ethics. As a whole, the essays form a self-reflective body of work that simultaneously seeks to derive normative ethical implications from neuroscience, and to question whether and how that may be possible at all. In doing so, the collection brings together psychology, neuroscience, philosophy of mind, ethics, and philosophy of science. Neuroscience seeks to understand the biological systems that guide human behavior and cognition. Normative ethics, on the other hand, seeks to understand the system of abstract moral principles dictating how people ought to behave. By studying how the human brain makes moral judgments, can philosophers learn anything about the nature of morality itself? A growing number of researchers believe that neuroscience can, indeed, provide insights into the questions of philosophical ethics. However, even these advocates acknowledge that the path from neuroscientific is to normative ethical ought can be quite fraught.
Author : Shelley Lynn Tremain
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1350268925
Total Pages : 455 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (52 download)
Download or read book The Bloomsbury Guide to Philosophy of Disability written by Shelley Lynn Tremain and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2023-11-16 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bloomsbury Guide to Philosophy of Disability is a revolutionary collection encompassing the most innovative and insurgent work in philosophy of disability. Edited and anthologized by disabled philosopher Shelley Lynn Tremain, this book challenges how disability has historically been represented and understood in philosophy: it critically undermines the detrimental assumptions that various subfields of philosophy produce; resists the institutionalized ableism of academia to which these assumptions contribute; and boldly articulates new anti-ableist, anti-sexist, anti-racist, queer, anti-capitalist, anti-carceral, and decolonial insights and perspectives that counter these assumptions. This rebellious and groundbreaking book's chaptersmost of which have been written by disabled philosophersare wide-ranging in scope and invite a broad readership. The chapters underscore the eugenic impetus at the heart of bioethics; talk back to the whiteness of work on philosophy and disability with which philosophy of disability is often conflated; and elaborate phenomenological, poststructuralist, and materialist approaches to a variety of phenomena. Topics addressed in the book include: ableism and speciesism; disability, race, and algorithms; race, disability, and reproductive technologies; disability and music; disabled and trans identities and emotions; the apparatus of addiction; and disability, race, and risk. With cutting-edge analyses and engaging prose, the authors of this guide contest the assumptions of Western disability studies through the lens of African philosophy of disability and the developing framework of crip Filipino philosophy; articulate the political and conceptual limits of common constructions of inclusion and accessibility; and foreground the practices of epistemic injustice that neurominoritized people routinely confront in philosophy and society more broadly. A crucial guide to oppositional thinking from an international, intersectional, and inclusive collection of philosophers, this book will advance the emerging field of philosophy of disability and serve as an antidote to the historical exclusion of disabled philosophers from the discipline and profession of philosophy. The Bloomsbury Guide to Philosophy of Disability is essential reading for faculty and students in philosophy, disability studies, political theory, Africana studies, Latinx studies, women's and gender studies, LGBTQ studies, and cultural studies, as well as activists, cultural workers, policymakers, and everyone else concerned with matters of social justice. Description of the book's cover: The book's title appears on two lines across the top of the cover which is a salmon tone. The names of the editor and the author of the foreword appear in white letters at the bottom of the book. The publisher's name is printed along the right side in white letters. At the centre, a vertical white rectangle is the background for a sculpture by fibre artist Judith Scott. The sculpture combines layers of shiny yarn in various colours including orange, pink, brown, and rust woven vertically on a large cylinder and horizontally around a smaller cylinder, as well as blue yarn woven around a protruding piece at the bottom of the sculpture. The sculpture seems to represent a body and head of a being sitting down, a being with one appendage, a fat person, or a little person.
Author : Allen M. Hornblum
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134001649
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)
Download or read book Acres of Skin written by Allen M. Hornblum and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At a time of increased interest and renewed shock over the Tuskegee syphilis experiments, Acres of Skin sheds light on yet another dark episode of American medical history. In this disturbing expose, Allen M. Hornblum tells the story of Philadelphia's Holmesburg Prison.
Author : David Edmonds
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191655392
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)
Download or read book Philosophy Bites Back written by David Edmonds and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-11-22 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophy Bites Back is the second book to come out of the hugely successful podcast Philosophy Bites. It presents a selection of lively interviews with leading philosophers of our time, who discuss the ideas and works of some of the most important thinkers in history. From the ancient classics of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, to the groundbreaking modern thought of Wittgenstein, Rawls, and Derrida, this volume spans over two and a half millennia of western philosophy and illuminates its most fascinating ideas. Philosophy Bites was set up in 2007 by David Edmonds and Nigel Warburton. It has had over 12 million downloads, and is listened to all over the world.
