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Treating Oil Field Co Produced Water By Forward Osmosis For Low Salinity Water Injection And Enhanced Oil Recovery
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Book Synopsis Treating Oil-field Co-produced Water by Forward Osmosis for Low-salinity Water Injection and Enhanced Oil Recovery by : Mohammed Al Aufi
Download or read book Treating Oil-field Co-produced Water by Forward Osmosis for Low-salinity Water Injection and Enhanced Oil Recovery written by Mohammed Al Aufi and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Shale Oil and Gas Produced Water Treatment by : Raghava R Kommalapati
Download or read book Shale Oil and Gas Produced Water Treatment written by Raghava R Kommalapati and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The treatment of shale oil & gas produced water is a complicated process since it contains various organic compounds and inorganic impurities. Traditional membrane processes such as reverse osmosis and nanofiltration are challenged when produced water has high salinity. Forward osmosis (FO) and membrane distillation as two emerging membrane technologies are promising for produced water treatment. This chapter will focus on reviewing FO membranes, draw solute, and hybrid processes with other membrane filtration applied to produced water treatment. The barriers to the FO processes caused by membrane fouling and reverse draw solute flux are discussed fully by comparing some FO fabrication technologies, membrane performances, and draw solute selections. The future of the FO processes for produced water treatment is by summarizing life cycle assessment and economic analyses for produced water treatment in the last decade.
Book Synopsis Low Salinity Water Flooding Application on Different Reservoir Rock Types by : mohamed magdy
Download or read book Low Salinity Water Flooding Application on Different Reservoir Rock Types written by mohamed magdy and published by محمد مجدي. This book was released on with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface chemistry has a great effect in enhancing oil recovery. For oil-wet sandstone reservoirs, low salinity waterflooding (LSWF) is effective as it can alter rock wettability and reduce the oil/water interfacial tension. LSWF application is related to rock’s clay content and type. Clay hydrocarbon bonding can be formed through many mechanisms such as van deer waals forces and ionic bridge. LSWF effect is to weaken these bonds through two main mechanisms, Double Layer Expansion (DLE) and Multicomponent Ionic Exchange (MIE). Two fields (S and D), in Egypt’s Western Desert, have depleted strongly oil-wet reservoirs with similar rock and fluid properties. Field (S) is flooded by low salinity water (LSW), while Field (D) is flooded by high salinity water (HSW). Fortunately, the water source for Field (S) flooding is a LSW zone, which has a salinity +/- 5000 ppm as total dissolved solids (TDS). The formation water salinity was +/- 25,000 ppm as TDS. Field (S) lab experiments showed good compatibility between injected LSW, formation water and rock minerals. XRD and SEM indicate calcareous cementation with detrital clays content around 5%. Kaolinite is the common clay type, which has a low cation exchange capacity. For Field (S), the estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) is 46%, while EUR for Field (D) is 39%. One of the main causes of this increase in Field (S) is LSWF application.
Book Synopsis Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies by : Bradley Govreau
Download or read book Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies written by Bradley Govreau and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-04-10 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developments in microbial-enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) have made huge advancements over the last few years. A new programmatic approach to MEOR is organic oil recovery (OOR), the management of the microbial ecology to facilitate the release of oil from the reservoir. Using this breakthrough process, which does not require microbes to be injected, over 180 applications have been conducted between 2007 and 2011 in producing oil and water-injection wells in the United States and Canada. This chapter reviews the OOR process, a summary of results and two case studies in detail.
Book Synopsis Low Salinity Cyclic Water Injection for Enhanced Oil Recovery in Alaska North Slope by : Sathish S. Kulathu
Download or read book Low Salinity Cyclic Water Injection for Enhanced Oil Recovery in Alaska North Slope written by Sathish S. Kulathu and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Properties and flow pattern of injected water have an impact on properties like rock wettability and oil saturation. Researchers have observed increased oil recovery with low salinity brines and reduced water production with cyclic injection. Low salinity cyclic water injection is an interesting combination to be evaluated for further implementation. Two-phase water-oil flow experiments were conducted on cleaned and oil-aged sandstone cores in a core holder apparatus. At connate water saturation, modified Amott-Harvey tests were performed to study wettability. Cyclic waterfloods were conducted to recover oil. Residual oil saturation (Sor) was calculated after every step. The experiments were repeated with reconstituted brines of different salinity and Alaska North Slope (ANS) lake water. The effect of low salinity waterfloods and oil-aging on wettability alteration was studied. The results were compared with available data from conventional floods performed on the same cores. Cyclic floods were also tested for different pulse intervals. Conventional waterflooding was conducted on recombined oil-saturated cores at reservoir conditions. Faster reduction in Sor and additional oil recovery was observed consistently with low salinity cyclic injection. Oil-aging reduced water wetness of cores. Subsequent low salinity floods restored the water wetness marginally. Shorter pulses yielded better results than longer intervals"--Leaf iii.
Book Synopsis A Forward Osmosis-based Treatment Process for High TDS Oilfield Produced Water by : Hilda Dzifa Asemsro
Download or read book A Forward Osmosis-based Treatment Process for High TDS Oilfield Produced Water written by Hilda Dzifa Asemsro and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modeling the Effect of Injecting Low Salinity Water on Oil Recovery from Carbonate Reservoirs by : Emad W. Al Shalabi
Download or read book Modeling the Effect of Injecting Low Salinity Water on Oil Recovery from Carbonate Reservoirs written by Emad W. Al Shalabi and published by Emad W. Al Shalabi. This book was released on 2014 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The low salinity water injection technique (LSWI) has become one of the important research topics in the oil industry because of its possible advantages for improving oil recovery. Several mechanisms describing the LSWI process have been suggested in the literature; however, there is no consensus on a single main mechanism for the low salinity effect on oil recovery. As a result of the latter, there are few models for LSWI and especially for carbonates due to their heterogeneity and complexity. In this research, we proposed a systematic approach for modeling the LSWI effect on oil recovery from carbonates by proposing six different methods for history matching and three different LSWI models for the UTCHEM simulator, empirical, fundamental, and mechanistic LSWI models. The empirical LSWI model uses contact angle measurements and injected water salinity. The fundamental LSWI model captures the effect of LSWI through the trapping number. In the mechanistic LSWI model, we include the effect of different geochemical reactions through Gibbs free energy. Moreover, field-scale predictions of LSWI were performed and followed by a sensitivity analysis for the most influential design parameters using design of experiment (DoE). The LSWI technique was also optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM) where a response surface was built. Also, we moved a step further by investigating the combined effect of injecting low salinity water and carbon dioxide on oil recovery from carbonates through modeling of the process and numerical simulations using the UTCOMP simulator. The analysis showed that CO2 is the main controller of the residual oil saturation whereas the low salinity water boosts the oil production rate by increasing the oil relative permeability through wettability alteration towards a more water-wet state. In addition, geochemical modeling of LSWI only and the combined effect of LSWI and CO2 were performed using both UTCHEM and PHREEQC upon which the geochemical model in UTCHEM was modified and validated against PHREEQC. Based on the geochemical interpretation of the LSWI technique, we believe that wettability alteration is the main contributor to the LSWI effect on oil recovery from carbonates by anhydrite dissolution and surface charge change through pH exceeding the point of zero charge.
Book Synopsis Enhanced Oil Recovery by : M. M. Schumacher
Download or read book Enhanced Oil Recovery written by M. M. Schumacher and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 1978 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Enhanced Oil Recovery by Low Salinity Water Injection in Carbonate Reservoirs by : Mohamed Ibrahim AlHammadi
Download or read book Enhanced Oil Recovery by Low Salinity Water Injection in Carbonate Reservoirs written by Mohamed Ibrahim AlHammadi and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modeling the Effect of Injecting Low Salinity Water on Oil Recovery from Carbonate Reservoirs by : Emad W. Al Shalabi
Download or read book Modeling the Effect of Injecting Low Salinity Water on Oil Recovery from Carbonate Reservoirs written by Emad W. Al Shalabi and published by Emad W. Al Shalabi. This book was released on 2014-10-20 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The low salinity water injection technique (LSWI) has become one of the important research topics in the oil industry because of its possible advantages for improving oil recovery. Several mechanisms describing the LSWI process have been suggested in the literature; however, there is no consensus on a single main mechanism for the low salinity effect on oil recovery. As a result of the latter, there are few models for LSWI and especially for carbonates due to their heterogeneity and complexity. In this research, we proposed a systematic approach for modeling the LSWI effect on oil recovery from carbonates by proposing six different methods for history matching and three different LSWI models for the UTCHEM simulator, empirical, fundamental, and mechanistic LSWI models. The empirical LSWI model uses contact angle measurements and injected water salinity. The fundamental LSWI model captures the effect of LSWI through the trapping number. In the mechanistic LSWI model, we include the effect of different geochemical reactions through Gibbs free energy. Moreover, field-scale predictions of LSWI were performed and followed by a sensitivity analysis for the most influential design parameters using design of experiment (DoE). The LSWI technique was also optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM) where a response surface was built. Also, we moved a step further by investigating the combined effect of injecting low salinity water and carbon dioxide on oil recovery from carbonates through modeling of the process and numerical simulations using the UTCOMP simulator. The analysis showed that CO2 is the main controller of the residual oil saturation whereas the low salinity water boosts the oil production rate by increasing the oil relative permeability through wettability alteration towards a more water-wet state. In addition, geochemical modeling of LSWI only and the combined effect of LSWI and CO2 were performed using both UTCHEM and PHREEQC upon which the geochemical model in UTCHEM was modified and validated against PHREEQC. Based on the geochemical interpretation of the LSWI technique, we believe that wettability alteration is the main contributor to the LSWI effect on oil recovery from carbonates by anhydrite dissolution and surface charge change through pH exceeding the point of zero charge.
Book Synopsis Comprehensive Evaluation of a Novel EOR Method-coupling Low Salinity Water Flooding and Preformed Particle Gel to Enhance Oil Recovery in Fractured Reservoirs by : Ali Khayoon Khalaf Alhuraishawy
Download or read book Comprehensive Evaluation of a Novel EOR Method-coupling Low Salinity Water Flooding and Preformed Particle Gel to Enhance Oil Recovery in Fractured Reservoirs written by Ali Khayoon Khalaf Alhuraishawy and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Excess water production in oil fields is becoming a challenging economic and environmental problem as more reservoirs are maturing. Water channeling, one of the primary reservoir conformance problems, is caused by reservoir heterogeneities that lead to the development of high-permeability streaks. The recovery of oil from carbonate reservoirs is usually low due to their extreme heterogeneity caused by natural fractures and the nature of oil-wet matrix. Also, oil recovery from fractured sandstone reservoirs is often low due to areal heterogeneity. Gel treatments have proven to be a successful and inexpensive fluid diversion method when used to plug the thief zones and thereby improve sweep efficiency in reservoirs. However, particle gel treatment can only be used to plug fractures or high permeable channels to improve sweep efficiency and has little effect on displacement efficiency. Oil recovery is the product of displacement efficiency (ED) and sweep efficiency (ES). Particle gels can plug fractures and improve sweep efficiency, but they have little effect on displacement efficiency. Low salinity water flooding (LSWF) can only increase displacement efficiency but has little or no effect on sweep efficiency. The main objective of this research is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the combined LSWF-PPG technology and to show how the coupling method can improve oil recovery. We developed a cost-effective, novel, enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technology for fractured reservoirs by coupling the two technologies into one process. The coupled method bypasses the limitations of each method when used individually and improves both displacement and sweep efficiency"--Abstract, page iv.
Book Synopsis Experimental Study of Low Salinity Water Flooding and Fracturing Effects in Low Permeability Carbonate Reservoir by : Benny Arianto Harahap
Download or read book Experimental Study of Low Salinity Water Flooding and Fracturing Effects in Low Permeability Carbonate Reservoir written by Benny Arianto Harahap and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In past decades, there were numerous research works demonstrated that salinity alteration of injected water could enhance the oil recovery. Low salinity water (LSW) injection is a type of Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) method, which attracts the industrial, and researchers because of its simplicity to use the implications, Environment-friendly nature, and less cost. In addition to, hydraulic fracturing, also known as hydraulic stimulation, is another EOR method that improves hydrocarbon flow by creating fractures in the Low Permeability Formation (LPF) that connects the reservoir and wellbore. Fractures will increase the permeability of reservoir and give the flow path for hydrocarbon to be produced. The main objective of this study is to compare between low salinity injection and fracturing as a recovery technique for LPF. The LSW flooding tests conducted, with several salinity concentrations (157,662; 72,927; 62,522; 6,252; and 1,250 ppm), in both artificially fractured and non-fractured carbonate cores that filled with crude oil. The properties of injected water and its dilutions (LSW) have been thoroughly investigated in the laboratory. The crude oil and low permeability chalky limestone core samples (permeability ranges from 0.01 - 1.2 millidarcy) were selected from oil fields in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The experiment shows that seawater (SW) diluted ten times (6,252 ppm) is the optimum salinity in enhancing the oil recovery for selected reservoir condition. Additional oil recoveries for SW and SW diluted ten times are 4.9% and 12.7% respectively. On the other hand, the fractured system produced up to 7.4% incremental oil recovery more than the non-fractured system. Moreover, a combination of fracturing and LSW (6,252 ppm) improved the best recovery by 17.7% of remaining oil in place over the formation brine injection. Fines migration and dissolution that may lead to wettability alteration were investigated as the reason behind LSW flooding. The UAE and worldwide companies to enhance oil recovery for low permeability carbonate reservoir could use results of this study as an additional reference in selecting most efficient EOR method that could be applied.
Book Synopsis Recovery of Crude Oil from Outcrop and Reservoir Sandstone by Low Salinity Waterflooding by : Hui Pu
Download or read book Recovery of Crude Oil from Outcrop and Reservoir Sandstone by Low Salinity Waterflooding written by Hui Pu and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) technologies cannot be overemphasized, especially in the context of the surge in energy demand driven by rapid economic growth in developing countries as people strive to improve their living standards. Getting higher oil recovery from existing fields will be a key part of meeting the world's growing demand for energy. In the past decade, injection of brines of low salinity content and selected ionic composition in sandstone reservoirs has been developed into an emerging EOR technology. The advantage of low salinity waterflooding is that it is operationally comparable to conventional waterflooding and does not require expensive chemicals or carbon dioxide and nitrogen. The complexity of the crude oil/brine/rock interactions is well recognized and the mechanisms behind the low salinity EOR process have been debated in the literature for the last decade. The objective of this work is to explore by experimental study the effect of low salinity waterflooding on different outcrop and reservoir cores. Investigation of increased oil recovery by injection of low salinity water such as coalbed methane production water has been extended to reservoir cores from the Tensleep, Minnelusa and Phosphoria formations in Wyoming and outcrop cores (Berea and Bentheim). The Tensleep and Minnelusa formations are eolian sandstones of comparable depositional environment that contain interstitial anhydrite, dolomite and occasional calcite cements. The Phosphoria dolomite has pin-point to coarse vuggy pores lined by sparry dolomite crystals and also features patches of anhydrite. All the cores taken from pay zones showed increased oil recovery ranging from 5 to 8% original oil in place through injection of low salinity water. Increase in sulfate ion content of the effluent brine confirmed the dissolution of anhydrite, for all three reservoir rock types. Proposed mechanisms of recovery by low salinity flooding of sandstones which are tied to the presence of clay cannot apply because none of these rocks have significant clay content. Further evidence of the role of anhydrite dissolution was provided by the recovery behavior of Tensleep cores taken from the water-saturated aquifer zone of an oil reservoir. Anhydrite cement was sparse and only visible in occluded regions of pore space but not in regions that were clearly permeable. For these cores, there was no additional oil recovery when the injected brine was switched to low salinity water. The release of dolomite crystals and other fine embedded minerals which is likely associated with dissolution of anhydrite, may be a factor in the observed response to low salinity waterflooding. The movement of cement components is a possible contributing factor in the wide variety of observed relationships between pressure drop and oil recovery. For example, significant variation of relative permeability to brine at constant saturation is often observed.
Book Synopsis Hybrid Enhanced Oil Recovery Using Smart Waterflooding by : Kun Sang Lee
Download or read book Hybrid Enhanced Oil Recovery Using Smart Waterflooding written by Kun Sang Lee and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2019-04-03 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hybrid Enhanced Oil Recovery Using Smart Waterflooding explains the latest technologies used in the integration of low-salinity and smart waterflooding in other EOR processes to reduce risks attributed to numerous difficulties in existing technologies, also introducing the synergetic effects. Covering both lab and field work and the challenges ahead, the book delivers a cutting-edge product for today's reservoir engineers. - Explains how smart waterflooding is beneficial to each EOR process, such as miscible, chemical and thermal technologies - Discusses the mechanics and modeling involved using geochemistry - Provides extensive tools, such as reservoir simulations through experiments and field tests, establishing a bridge between theory and practice
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Low Saline???Smart Water??? Enhanced Oil Recovery in Light Oil Reservoirs by : Yogesh Kumar Suman
Download or read book Evaluation of Low Saline???Smart Water??? Enhanced Oil Recovery in Light Oil Reservoirs written by Yogesh Kumar Suman and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Enhanced Recovery by Chemical Waterflooding by : Kevin L. Cook
Download or read book Enhanced Recovery by Chemical Waterflooding written by Kevin L. Cook and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Enhanced Oil Recovery by : Marcel Latil
Download or read book Enhanced Oil Recovery written by Marcel Latil and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 1980 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
