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Transposable Elements And Genome Evolution
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Book Synopsis Transposable Elements and Genome Evolution by : J. F. McDonald
Download or read book Transposable Elements and Genome Evolution written by J. F. McDonald and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-07-31 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once considered merely `selfish' or `parasitic' DNA, transposable elements are today recognized as being of major biological significance. Not only are these elements a major source of mutation, they have contributed both directly and indirectly to the evolution of genome structure and function. On October 8-10, 1999, 100 molecular biologists and evolutionists representing 11 countries met on the campus of The University of Georgia in Athens for the inaugural Georgia Genetics Symposium. The topics of presentations ranged from how the elements themselves have evolved to the impact transposable elements have had on the evolution of their host genomes. The papers in this volume therefore represent state-of-the-art thinking, by leading world experts in the field, on the evolutionary significance of transposable elements.
Book Synopsis Evolution and Impact of Transposable Elements by : Pierre Capy
Download or read book Evolution and Impact of Transposable Elements written by Pierre Capy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998-01-31 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last 50 years, the perception oftransposable elements (TEs) has changed considerably from selfish DNA to sequences that may contribute significantly to genome function and evolution. The recent increased interest in TEs is based on the realization that they are a major genetic component (at least 10--20%) of all organisms and a major contributor to the mutation process. It is currently estimated that 70--80% of spontaneous mutations are the result of TE-mediated insertions, deletions, or chromosomal rearrangements. Thus, it seems at least plausible that TEs may playa significant role in the adaptation and evolution of natural populations and species. The ubiquity of TEs suggests that they are an old component of genomes which have been vertically transmitted through generations over evolutionary time. However, detailed analyses carried out over the last 20 years have revealed several unusual features of TE evolution: (i) TEs can be horizontally transferred between species; (ii) TE evolutionary rates can be dramatically increased by specific inactivation processes, such as the RIP (Repeat Induced Point mutation) mechanism in fungi; (iii) TEs can influence the regulation of other TEs by insertion or deletion; (iv) different classes of TEs in even distantly related species can be remarkably similar in both structure and function.
Book Synopsis Plant Transposons and Genome Dynamics in Evolution by : Nina V. Fedoroff
Download or read book Plant Transposons and Genome Dynamics in Evolution written by Nina V. Fedoroff and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-01-16 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transposable genetic elements, or transposons, as they are now known, have had a tumultuous history. Discovered in the mid-20th century by Barbara McClintock, they were initially received with puzzlement. When their genomic abundance began to be apparent, they were categorized as "junk DNA" and acquired the label of parasites. Expanding understanding of gene and genome organization has revealed the profound extent of their impact on both. Plant Transposons and Genome Dynamics in Evolution captures and distills the voluminous research literature on plant transposable elements and seeks to assemble the big picture of how transposons shape gene structure and regulation, as well as how they sculpt genomes in evolution. Individual chapters provide concise overviews of the many flavors of plant transposons and of their roles in gene creation, gene regulation, development, genome evolution, and organismal speciation, as well as of their epigenetic regulation. This volume is essential reading for anyone working in plant genetics, epigenetics, or evolutionary biology.
Book Synopsis The Dynamic Genome by : Antonio Fontdevila
Download or read book The Dynamic Genome written by Antonio Fontdevila and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-06-02 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These novelties, among others, are examined in this book in relation to their general significance for evolution, emphasising their human relevance.
Book Synopsis Mobile DNA III by : Michael Chandler
Download or read book Mobile DNA III written by Michael Chandler and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-07-24 with total page 1321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An exploration of the raw power of genetic material to refashion itself to any purpose... Virtually all organisms contain multiple mobile DNAs that can move from place to place, and in some organisms, mobile DNA elements make up a significant portion of the genome. Mobile DNA III provides a comprehensive review of recent research, including findings suggesting the important role that mobile elements play in genome evolution and stability. Editor-in-Chief Nancy L. Craig assembled a team of multidisciplinary experts to develop this cutting-edge resource that covers the specific molecular mechanisms involved in recombination, including a detailed structural analysis of the enzymes responsible presents a detailed account of the many different recombination systems that can rearrange genomes examines the tremendous impact of mobile DNA in virtually all organisms Mobile DNA III is valuable as an in-depth supplemental reading for upper level life sciences students and as a reference for investigators exploring new biological systems. Biomedical researchers will find documentation of recent advances in understanding immune-antigen conflict between host and pathogen. It introduces biotechnicians to amazing tools for in vivo control of designer DNAs. It allows specialists to pick and choose advanced reviews of specific elements and to be drawn in by unexpected parallels and contrasts among the elements in diverse organisms. Mobile DNA III provides the most lucid reviews of these complex topics available anywhere.
Download or read book Mobile DNA written by Douglas E. Berg and published by Amer Society for Microbiology. This book was released on 1989-01 with total page 972 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Documents the remarkable mobility of DNA in procaryotic and eucaryotic genomes: the ability of various DNA segments to move to new sites, to invert, and to undergo deletion or amplification, generally without the extensive DNA sequence homology needed for classical recombination. Seventy contributors explore the mechanisms of these rearrangements, how they are regulated, their biological consequences, and their potential use as research tools. For students and researchers of molecular genetics. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author :Jean-Nicolas Volff Publisher :Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers ISBN 13 :3805584911 Total Pages :155 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (55 download)
Book Synopsis Plant Genomes by : Jean-Nicolas Volff
Download or read book Plant Genomes written by Jean-Nicolas Volff and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent major advances in the field of comparative genomics and cytogenomics of plants, particularly associated with the completion of ambitious genome projects, have uncovered astonishing facets of the architecture and evolutionary history of plant genomes. The aim of this book was to review these recent developments as well as their implications in our understanding of the mechanisms which drive plant diversity. New insights into the evolution of gene functions, gene families and genome size are presented, with particular emphasis on the evolutionary impact of polyploidization and transposable elements. Knowledge on the structure and evolution of plant sex chromosomes, centromeres and microRNAs is reviewed and updated. Taken together, the contributions by internationally recognized experts present a panoramic overview of the structural features and evolutionary dynamics of plant genomes.This volume of Genome Dynamics will provide researchers, teachers and students in the fields of biology and agronomy with a valuable source of current knowledge on plant genomes.
Book Synopsis Variation and Evolution in Plants and Microorganisms by : National Academy of Sciences
Download or read book Variation and Evolution in Plants and Microorganisms written by National Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-10-11 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The present book is intended as a progress report on [the] synthetic approach to evolution as it applies to the plant kingdom." With this simple statement, G. Ledyard Stebbins formulated the objectives of Variation and Evolution in Plants, published in 1950, setting forth for plants what became known as the "synthetic theory of evolution" or "the modern synthesis." The pervading conceit of the book was the molding of Darwin's evolution by natural selection within the framework of rapidly advancing genetic knowledge. At the time, Variation and Evolution in Plants significantly extended the scope of the science of plants. Plants, with their unique genetic, physiological, and evolutionary features, had all but been left completely out of the synthesis until that point. Fifty years later, the National Academy of Sciences convened a colloquium to update the advances made by Stebbins. This collection of 17 papers marks the 50th anniversary of the publication of Stebbins' classic. Organized into five sections, the book covers: early evolution and the origin of cells, virus and bacterial models, protoctist models, population variation, and trends and patterns in plant evolution.
Book Synopsis Mobile Genetic Elements by : Wolfgang J. Miller
Download or read book Mobile Genetic Elements written by Wolfgang J. Miller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-05 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading experts describe in step-by-step detail their most productive transposon-based methods and strategies for studying genome structure, function, and evolution. These readily reproducible techniques cover a wide range, including mutagenesis, transgenesis, gene silencing, and molecular systematics. Among the highlights are a series of DNA hybridization methods for analyzing the distribution and dynamics of mobile DNA at the hosts' genomic level, techniques for studying LTR retrotransposons in heterologous host systems, and mutagenesis protocols for investigating gene functions in a broad range of organisms. These cutting-edge methods offer investigators powerful genetic tools for dissecting the function of a specific gene, elaborating on the mechanisms leading to genetic change and diversity, and studying the evolutionary impact of mobile DNA on the biology and evolution of organisms.
Book Synopsis The Maize Genome by : Jeffrey Bennetzen
Download or read book The Maize Genome written by Jeffrey Bennetzen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-24 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses advances in our understanding of the structure and function of the maize genome since publication of the original B73 reference genome in 2009, and the progress in translating this knowledge into basic biology and trait improvement. Maize is an extremely important crop, providing a large proportion of the world’s human caloric intake and animal feed, and serving as a model species for basic and applied research. The exceptionally high level of genetic diversity within maize presents opportunities and challenges in all aspects of maize genetics, from sequencing and genotyping to linking genotypes to phenotypes. Topics covered in this timely book range from (i) genome sequencing and genotyping techniques, (ii) genome features such as centromeres and epigenetic regulation, (iii) tools and resources available for trait genomics, to (iv) applications of allele mining and genomics-assisted breeding. This book is a valuable resource for researchers and students interested in maize genetics and genomics.
Book Synopsis Transposons and Retrotransposons by : Jose Luis Garcia Perez
Download or read book Transposons and Retrotransposons written by Jose Luis Garcia Perez and published by Humana. This book was released on 2016-02-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers the latest protocols designed to identify and characterize TEs in genomes, ancient or recently inserted. Additionally, this book includes a series of protocols designed to understand how host genomes act to regulate the activity of TEs, from elegant genetic mobilization assays to key biochemical methods. Finally, this book also includes chapters that describe how TEs can be used for biotechnological applications. Written for the Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Transposons and Retrotransposons: Methods and Protocols aims to ensure successful results in the further study of this vital field.
Book Synopsis Repetitive DNA Sequences by : Andrew G. Clark
Download or read book Repetitive DNA Sequences written by Andrew G. Clark and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-03-05 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Repetitive DNA is ubiquitous in eukaryotic genomes, and, in many species, comprises the bulk of the genome. Repeats include transposable elements that can self-mobilize and disperse around the genome, and tandemly-repeated satellite DNAs that increase in copy number due to replication slippage and unequal crossing over. Despite their abundance, repetitive DNA is often ignored in genomic studies due to technical challenges in their identification, assembly, and quantification. New technologies and methods are now providing the unprecedented power to analyze repetitive DNAs across diverse taxa. Repetitive DNA is of particular interest because it can represent distinct modes of genome evolution. Some repetitive DNA forms essential genome structures, such as telomeres and centromeres, which are required for proper chromosome maintenance and segregation, whereas others form piRNA clusters that regulate transposable elements; thus, these elements are expected to evolve under purifying selection. In contrast, other repeats evolve selfishly and produce genetic conflicts with their host species that drive adaptive evolution of host defense systems. However, the majority of repeats likely accumulate in eukaryotes in the absence of selection due to mechanisms of transposition and unequal crossing over. Even these neutral repeats may indirectly influence genome evolution as they reach high abundance. In this Special Issue, the contributing authors explore these questions from a range of perspectives.
Book Synopsis Transposable Elements and Evolution by : J. F. McDonald
Download or read book Transposable Elements and Evolution written by J. F. McDonald and published by Springer. This book was released on 1993-09-30 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the summer of 1992 a distinguished group of molecular, population and evolutionary geneticists assembled on the campus of the University of Georgia in Athens, USA to discuss the relevance of their research to the role played by transposable elements (TEs) in evolution. The meeting consisted of a series of informal discussions of issues brought up in papers written by the participants and distributed among them prior to the meeting. These papers and the transcripts of the ensuing discussions are presented in this volume.
Book Synopsis Evolutionary Biology: Genome Evolution, Speciation, Coevolution and Origin of Life by : Pierre Pontarotti
Download or read book Evolutionary Biology: Genome Evolution, Speciation, Coevolution and Origin of Life written by Pierre Pontarotti and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-25 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes the most essential contributions presented at the 17th Evolutionary Biology Meeting in Marseille, which took place in September 2013. It consists of 18 chapters organized according to the following categories: · Molecular and Genome Evolution · Phylogeography of Speciation and Coevolution · Exobiology and Origin of Life The aims of the annual meetings in Marseille, which bring together leading evolutionary biologists and other scientists using evolutionary biology concepts, e.g. for medical research, are to promote the exchange of ideas and to encourage interdisciplinary collaborations. Offering an overview of the latest findings in the field of evolutionary biology, this book represents an invaluable source of information for scientists, teachers and advanced students.
Book Synopsis Plant Molecular Evolution by : J.J. Doyle
Download or read book Plant Molecular Evolution written by J.J. Doyle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-02-29 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant molecular biology has produced an ever-increasing flood of data about genes and genomes. Evolutionary biology and systematics provides the context for synthesizing this information. This book brings together contributions from evolutionary biologists, systematists, developmental geneticists, biochemists, and others working on diverse aspects of plant biology whose work touches to varying degrees on plant molecular evolution. The book is organized in three parts, the first of which introduces broad topics in evolutionary biology and summarizes advances in plant molecular phylogenetics, with emphasis on model plant systems. The second segment presents a series of case studies of gene family evolution, while the third gives overviews of the evolution of important plant processes such as disease resistance, nodulation, hybridization, transposable elements and genome evolution, and polyploidy.
Book Synopsis Plant Virus Evolution by : Marilyn J. Roossinck
Download or read book Plant Virus Evolution written by Marilyn J. Roossinck and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-23 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive look at the field of plant virus evolution. It is the first book ever published on the topic. Individual chapters, written by experts in the field, cover plant virus ecology, emerging viruses, plant viruses that integrate into the host genome, population biology, evolutionary mechanisms and appropriate methods for analysis. It covers RNA viruses, DNA viruses, pararetroviruses and viroids, and presents a number of thought-provoking ideas.
Book Synopsis Molecular and Genome Evolution by : Dan Graur
Download or read book Molecular and Genome Evolution written by Dan Graur and published by Sinauer. This book was released on 2015-01-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the driving forces behind the evolutionary process at the molecular and genome levels, the effects of the various molecular mechanisms on the structure of genes, proteins, and genomes, the methodology and the analytical tools involved in dealing with molecular data from an evolutionary perspective, and the logic of evolutionary hypothesis testing. Evolutionary phenomena at the molecular level are detailed in a way that can be understood without much prerequisite knowledge of molecular biology, evolution, or mathematics. Numerous examples that support and clarify the theoretical arguments and methodological discussions are included.
