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Transport Of Contaminants In Geologic Media Radioactive Waste In Salt Corrosion Of Copper And Colloid Migration
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Book Synopsis Transport of Contaminants in Geologic Media Radioactive Waste in Salt, Corrosion of Copper, and Colloid Migration by : Yong Soo Hwang
Download or read book Transport of Contaminants in Geologic Media Radioactive Waste in Salt, Corrosion of Copper, and Colloid Migration written by Yong Soo Hwang and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mass Transport in Salt Repositories by :
Download or read book Mass Transport in Salt Repositories written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Salt has long been a candidate for geologic disposal of nuclear waste. Because salt is extremely soluble in water, the existence of rock salt in the ground atest to the long-term stability of the salt. Both bedded salt and salt domes have been considered for nuclear waste disposal in the United States and Europe. While the salt is known to be quite pure in salt domes, bedded salt is interlaced with beds of sediments. Traditionally rock salt has not been considered water-conducting, but sediments layers would be classical porous media, capable of conducting water. Therefore there is interest in determining whether interbeds in bedded salt constitute pathway for radionuclide migration. In this report we consider steady-state migration of radionuclides from a single waste cylinder into a single interbed. Two approaches are used. In 1982 Neretnieks proposed an approach for calculating the steady-state transport of oxidants to a copper container. We have adapted that approach for calculating steady-state radionuclide migration away from the waste package, as a first approximation. We have also analyzed the problem of time-dependent radionuclide diffusion from a container through a backfill layer into a fracture, and we used the steady-state solution from that problem for comparison. Section 2 gives a brief summary of the geology of interbeds in bedded salt. Section 3 presents the mass transfer resistances approach of Neretnieks, summarizing the formulation and giving numerical illustrations of the steady-state two-dimensional diffusion analysis. Section 4 gives a brief statement of the steady-state result from a related analysis. Conclusions are stated in Section 5. 13 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.
Book Synopsis Brine Migration in Salt and Its Implications in the Geologic Disposal of Nuclear Waste by : Glenn Herbert Jenks
Download or read book Brine Migration in Salt and Its Implications in the Geologic Disposal of Nuclear Waste written by Glenn Herbert Jenks and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Colloid and Ionic Tracer Migration Within SRS Sediments by :
Download or read book Colloid and Ionic Tracer Migration Within SRS Sediments written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The generation of a stable colloidal suspension in geologic materials has a number of environmental implications. Mobile colloids may act as vectors for the transport of adsorbed contaminants through soils and within aquifers and can cause serious problems related to well monitoring and formation permeability in an injections well system. Colloid-facilitated transport has been implicated in the migration of contaminants from seepage basins on the Department of Energy's Savannah River Site (SRS) at a rate greater than was predicted in two- phase transport models. From 1955 to 1988, seepage basins overlying the water-table aquifer received acidic wastes containing high levels of Na+ and nitric acid, as well as trace radionuclides and metals from the nuclear materials processing facilities. Numerical simulations predicted that metal contaminants would not reach the water table, but measurable quantities of these contaminants have been detected in monitoring wells down gradient from the basins. Lack of agreement between predicted and observed contaminant migration in this and other studies has been attributed to both local non equilibrium situation, preferential flow paths within the geologic material, and to transport of the contaminant in association with a mobile solid phase, i.e. dispersed colloids. Additionally, the association of contaminants with a mobile colloidal phase has important ramifications for groundwater sampling on SRS intended to evaluate the potential environmental hazards of a given contaminant. As part of the F- and H-Area reclamation project, the Department of Energy has proposed the capture and treatment of the contaminant plume followed by reinjection of the treated water into the water table and upper confined aquifers. (Abstract Truncated).
Book Synopsis Monitored Natural Attenuation of Inorganic Contaminants in Ground Water by :
Download or read book Monitored Natural Attenuation of Inorganic Contaminants in Ground Water written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: V.3 ... consists of individual chapters that describe 1) the conceptual background for radionuclides, including tritium, radon, strontium, technetium, uranium, iodine, radium, thorium, cesium, plutonium-americium and 2) data requirements to be met during site characterization.
Book Synopsis Studies of Nuclear-waste Migration in Geologic Media by : Argonne National Laboratory. Chemical Engineering Division
Download or read book Studies of Nuclear-waste Migration in Geologic Media written by Argonne National Laboratory. Chemical Engineering Division and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Geochemical Behavior of Disposed Radioactive Waste by : G. Scott Barney
Download or read book Geochemical Behavior of Disposed Radioactive Waste written by G. Scott Barney and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Transport and Remediation of Subsurface Contaminants by : David A. Sabatini
Download or read book Transport and Remediation of Subsurface Contaminants written by David A. Sabatini and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transport and remediation of subsurface contaminants: introduction; Colloid deposition in porous media and an evaluation of bed-media cleaning techniques; Deposition of colloids in porous media: theory and numerical solution; Surface-charge repulsive effects on the mobility of inorganic colloids in subsurface systems; Colloid transport and the gas-water interface in porous media; Colloid remediation in groundwater by polyelectrolyte; Removal of chromate from aqueous strems by ultrafiltration and precipitation; Potential for bacterial remediation of waste sites containing selenium or lead; Heap leaching as a solvent-extraction technique for remediation of metals-contaminated soils; Factors affecting surfactant performance in groundwater remediation applicationsInfluence of surfactant sorption on capillary pressure-saturation relationships; Surfactant-enchanced solubilization of tetrachloroethylene and degradation products in pump and treat remediation; Solubilization and biodegradation of Hydrophobic organic compounds in soil-aqueous systems with nonionic surfactants; sorption of hydrophobic organic compounds and nonionic surfactants with subsurface materials; Field tests of surfactant flooding: mobility control of dense nonaqueous-phase liquids; Landfill leachate effects on transport of organic substances in aquifer materials; Clay and immiscible organic liquids: greater capillary trapping of the organic phase; Exposure assessmnet modeling for hydrocarbon spills into the subsurface: sensitivity to soil properties.
Book Synopsis Disposition of High-Level Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel by : National Research Council
Download or read book Disposition of High-Level Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-07-05 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focused attention by world leaders is needed to address the substantial challenges posed by disposal of spent nuclear fuel from reactors and high-level radioactive waste from processing such fuel. The biggest challenges in achieving safe and secure storage and permanent waste disposal are societal, although technical challenges remain. Disposition of radioactive wastes in a deep geological repository is a sound approach as long as it progresses through a stepwise decision-making process that takes advantage of technical advances, public participation, and international cooperation. Written for concerned citizens as well as policymakers, this book was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and waste management organizations in eight other countries.
Book Synopsis Flow of Groundwater and Transport of Contaminants Through Saturated Fractured Geologic Media by :
Download or read book Flow of Groundwater and Transport of Contaminants Through Saturated Fractured Geologic Media written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Analytical Methods for Predicting Contaminant Transport by :
Download or read book Analytical Methods for Predicting Contaminant Transport written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper summarizes some of the previous and recent work at the University of California on analytical solutions for predicting contaminate transport in porous and fractured geologic media. Emphasis is given here to the theories for predicting near-field transport, needed to derive the time-dependent source term for predicting far-field transport and overall repository performance. New theories summarized include solubility-limited release rate with flow backfill in rock, near-field transport of radioactive decay chains, interactive transport of colloid and solute, transport of carbon-14 as carbon dioxide in unsaturated rock, and flow of gases out of and a waste container through cracks and penetrations. 28 refs., 4 figs.
Book Synopsis Facilitated Transport of Inorganic Contaminants in Ground Water by :
Download or read book Facilitated Transport of Inorganic Contaminants in Ground Water written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Uptake and Transport of Radionuclides by Stream Sediments by : William W. Sayre
Download or read book Uptake and Transport of Radionuclides by Stream Sediments written by William W. Sayre and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Status Report on Waste Disposal in Natural Salt Formation by :
Download or read book Status Report on Waste Disposal in Natural Salt Formation written by and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Electrochemical and Corrosion Examination of Copper Under Deep Geologic Conditions for the Application of Nuclear Waste Containers by : Taylor L. Martino
Download or read book Electrochemical and Corrosion Examination of Copper Under Deep Geologic Conditions for the Application of Nuclear Waste Containers written by Taylor L. Martino and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Copper is the selected material for the fabrication of nuclear fuel waste containers in Sweden, Finland and Canada due to its corrosion resistance in the anoxic aqueous environments, anticipated in deep geological repositories. A potential oxidant for copper is bisulphide produced either by the dissolution of minerals or by sulphate-reducing bacteria. The primary goals of this thesis were to determine the mechanism of corrosion of copper in bisulphide environments and to investigate the chemistry of the bentonite porewater that will ultimately be in contact with the copper container. The mechanism of sulphide film growth and the details of copper corrosion in anoxic aqueous bisulphide solutions in the presence of various groundwater anions have been investigated electrochemically. The chalcocite films were analyzed via voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and surface analysis. Under these conditions, growth of a coherent film occurred initially but the development of interfacial stresses led rapidly to film fracture. Upon fracture, a resistive outer chalcocite deposit formed with continued growth governed by the mass transport of bisulphide. Specific anion effects were observed with chloride, a common groundwater ion, found to maintain porosity in the chalcocite film while the oxyanions, sulphate and bicarbonate were found to suppress film growth. At high bisulphide concentrations and positive potentials growth of the outer deposit caused an apparent partial passivation of the surface, which theoretically could lead to localized film breakdown and pitting. However, the required high bisulphide concentrations are not attainable in a deep geologic repository and pitting should not occur. Bentonite porewater chemistry was successfully monitored using a novel experimental set-up. Electrochemical sensors monitoring pH, chloride concentration and the copper corrosion potential were placed both on the surface and inside of a bentonite clay disk. The results showed that the bentonite acted like a pH buffer and chloride from bulk solution adsorbed onto the montmorillonite structure. Corrosion potential measurements suggested that corrosion likely occurred via formation of a copper chloride complex or growth of a cuprite film. Data collected from these studies will be used directly by SKB via incorporation into models.
Book Synopsis Principles of Contaminant Transport in Soils by : Raymond Nen Yong
Download or read book Principles of Contaminant Transport in Soils written by Raymond Nen Yong and published by Elsevier Science & Technology. This book was released on 1992 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Waste generation and disposal; Soil composition; Wastes and contaminants; Soil-water interaction and relations; Contaminant-soil interaction; Soil permeability: characteristics and laboratory measurements; Evaluation of adsorption and diffusion; Contaminant transport modelling: solute transport; Contaminant transport modelling: transport of non-aqueous phase liquids.
Book Synopsis Geologic Disposal of High-Level Radioactive Waste in Salt Formations by :
Download or read book Geologic Disposal of High-Level Radioactive Waste in Salt Formations written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
