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Trade Technology And Human Capital
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Book Synopsis Innovation, Human Capital and Trade Competitiveness by : Marzenna Anna Weresa
Download or read book Innovation, Human Capital and Trade Competitiveness written by Marzenna Anna Weresa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-18 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work focuses on researching and establishing the importance of human capital and innovation as determinants of competitive advantages in international trade—in the context of rapidly evolving technological advancement, globalization, and economic integration. The processes that accompany the shift from industrial economics to a knowledge-based economy are currently the object of interest of both scientists, politicians, investors and entrepreneurs. In many countries, the traditional sources of socioeconomic development, such as low labor costs, availability of inexpensive raw materials, and favorable geographic location are waning. These economies are searching for new sources of competitive advantage that will allow for maintaining growth, among other things by boosting participation in international trade. The book explores non-traditional drivers of competitiveness in both theory and practice. First, chapters 1 through 4 present theoretical and methodological aspects of the relationships among international trade, human capital and innovation. Here the authors address the controversy associated with the concept of competitiveness itself and its measurement, while paying special attention to the political development of comparative advantages related to international trade. The second part of the monograph, chapters 5 through 8, is of empirical nature. This section contains case studies of selected countries that represent models of various national innovation systems. Finally, the theoretical and practical aspects are integrated, allowing policymakers and financial and business leaders to consider how their decisions can influence their countries’ competitive positions through their investments in innovation and human capital.
Book Synopsis Human Capital, Technology and the Role of the United States in International Trade by : John F. Iii Morrall
Download or read book Human Capital, Technology and the Role of the United States in International Trade written by John F. Iii Morrall and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Trade and Human Capital Accumulation by : Dörte Dömeland
Download or read book Trade and Human Capital Accumulation written by Dörte Dömeland and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study provides empirical evidence that trade increases on-the-job human capital accumulation by estimating the effect of home country openness on estimated returns to home country experience of U.S. immigrants. The positive effect of trade on on-the-job human capital accumulation remains significant when controlling for GDP, educational attainment, and institutional quality. It is not the result of self-selection, heterogeneity in returns to experience, English-speaking origin, or cultural background. The effect persists when restricting the sample to non-OECD countries, thereby resolving the theoretical ambiguity of whether trade increases or decreases learning-by-doing. The role of trade in generating economic growth is therefore likely to be more important than generally considered.
Book Synopsis Human Capital, Technology, and the Role of the United States in International Trade by : John F. Morrall
Download or read book Human Capital, Technology, and the Role of the United States in International Trade written by John F. Morrall and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Trade, Technology, and International Competitiveness by : Irfan-ul-Haque
Download or read book Trade, Technology, and International Competitiveness written by Irfan-ul-Haque and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper No. 300. Provides an overview of past experiences with the introduction of agricultural technologies in World Bank-funded projects in Mediterranean climates, with an emphasis on the Middle East and North African region. The authors review the adequacy of present crop and livestock technologies, identify technical and socio-economic constraints on their adoption, and describe prospective technologies for pilot testing and full-scale introduction in future Bank-funded projects.
Book Synopsis Human Capital and Technology in International Trade by : Allen F. Ross
Download or read book Human Capital and Technology in International Trade written by Allen F. Ross and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Growth Gains from Trade and Education by : Mr.Se-Jik Kim
Download or read book Growth Gains from Trade and Education written by Mr.Se-Jik Kim and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1999-03-01 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents a multisector growth model where education enhances general human capital, which is essential for increasing or maintaining the mobility of workers across industries. The paper shows that education, combined with international trade, can affect growth positively in the long run by raising workers’ ability to adapt and move easily to industries with the greatest productivity in each period. Depending on the initial ratio of general-to-specific human capital stock, multiple equilibrium growth paths can exist, including a poverty trap. If the ratio is not substantially low, trade liberalization can allow an economy in a poverty trap to transform into one with continuous education and higher output growth.
Book Synopsis Trade, Technology and Human Capital by : Gouranga Gopal Das
Download or read book Trade, Technology and Human Capital written by Gouranga Gopal Das and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stylised evidence on trade, total factor productivity (TFP) and skill intensity of the labour force is presented. Features emerging as salient are: Growing trade in technology-intensive products from the industrialised nations to the relatively laggard nations leads to embodied technology diffusion; the technology-intensive sectors have larger shares of skilled workers; countries experiencing TFP growth usually have higher levels of educational attainment; also, the skilled labour payment share for a sector is positively associated with that sectors regional trade share. These facts together help explain why endowment of more skilled labour facilitates absorption of technology ferried via trade.
Book Synopsis Technology and Human Capital in Historical Perspective by : Jonas Ljungberg
Download or read book Technology and Human Capital in Historical Perspective written by Jonas Ljungberg and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-10-29 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One theme of this volume is whether the complementarity between technology and human capital is a recent phenomenon, or whether it can be traced through history. Different approaches to human capital as well as technology are applied, and besides historical surveys are total factor productivity and patent data employed. The studies deal with the Iberian peninsula, Scandinavia, and Canada, countries displaying different patterns in the international development.
Book Synopsis Trade, Human Capital, and Technology Spillovers by : Yanling Wang
Download or read book Trade, Human Capital, and Technology Spillovers written by Yanling Wang and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies whether trade promotes North-South and South-South technology spillovers at the industry level, and how the absorptive capacity of the South affects the impact of the technology spillovers. Using data from 16 manufacturing industries in 25 developing countries from 1976 to 1998, the paper shows: (i) North-South trade-related R&D has a substantial impact on total factor productivity in the South; (ii) South-South trade-related R&D also promotes technology spillovers but with a smaller magnitude; and (iii) human capital is very important in facilitating North-South and South-South technology spillovers: an increase in human capital could lead to over three times the size of technology spillovers from an increase in trade-related foreign R&D.
Book Synopsis Human Capital, Trade, and Public Policy in Rapidly Growing Economies by : Michele Boldrin
Download or read book Human Capital, Trade, and Public Policy in Rapidly Growing Economies written by Michele Boldrin and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human Capital, Trade and Public Policy in Rapidly Growing Economies argues that only two centuries ago, no society had ever enjoyed sustained growth in living standards. The contributors to this book aim to discover why the world today exhibits a predilection for perpetual self-improvement. In particular, the book focuses on the forces underlying long-lasting growth in East Asia's Newly Industrialized Countries (NICs). Drawing from the experiences of Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan, it questions whether public policy can contribute to removing barriers towards accumulation of wealth, and if so, what development policy should be put in place to remedy the existing distortions or market failure problems.
Book Synopsis China's New Sources of Economic Growth: Reform, Resources and Climate Change - by : Ligang Song
Download or read book China's New Sources of Economic Growth: Reform, Resources and Climate Change - written by Ligang Song and published by . This book was released on 2016-07-20 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China's change to a new model of growth, now called the 'new normal', was always going to be hard. Events over the past year show how hard it is. The attempts to moderate the extremes of high investment and low consumption, the correction of overcapacity in the heavy industries that were the mainstays of the old model of growth, the hauling in of the immense debt hangover from the fiscal and monetary expansion that pulled China out of the Great Crash of 2008 would all have been hard at any time. They are harder when changes in economic policy and structure coincide with stagnation in global trade and rising protectionist sentiment in developed countries, extraordinarily rapid demographic change and recognition of the urgency of easing the environmental damage from the old model. China's economy has slowed and there are worries that the authorities will not be able to contain the slowdown within preferred limits. This year's Update explores the challenge of the slowdown in growth and the change in economic structure. Leading experts on China's economy and environment review change within China's new model of growth, and its interaction with ageing, environmental pressure, new patterns of urbanisation, and debt problems at different levels of government. It illuminates some new developments in China's economy, including the transformational potential of internet banking, and the dynamics of financial market instability. China's economic development since 1978 is full of exciting change, and this year's China Update is again the way to know it as it is happening.
Book Synopsis Trade, foreign direct investment, and international technology transfer : a survey by : Kamal Saggi
Download or read book Trade, foreign direct investment, and international technology transfer : a survey written by Kamal Saggi and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: May 2000 - How much a developing country can take advantage of technology transfer from foreign direct investment depends partly on how well educated and well trained its workforce is, how much it is willing to invest in research and development, and how much protection it offers for intellectual property rights. Saggi surveys the literature on trade and foreign direct investment - especially wholly owned subsidiaries of multinational firms and international joint ventures - as channels for technology transfer. He also discusses licensing and other arm's-length channels of technology transfer. He concludes: How trade encourages growth depends on whether knowledge spillover is national or international. Spillover is more likely to be national for developing countries than for industrial countries; Local policy often makes pure foreign direct investment infeasible, so foreign firms choose licensing or joint ventures. The jury is still out on whether licensing or joint ventures lead to more learning by local firms; Policies designed to attract foreign direct investment are proliferating. Several plant-level studies have failed to find positive spillover from foreign direct investment to firms competing directly with subsidiaries of multinationals. (However, these studies treat foreign direct investment as exogenous and assume spillover to be horizontal - when it may be vertical.) All such studies do find the subsidiaries of multinationals to be more productive than domestic firms, so foreign direct investment does result in host countries using resources more effectively; Absorptive capacity in the host country is essential for getting significant benefits from foreign direct investment. Without adequate human capital or investments in research and development, spillover fails to materialize; A country's policy on protection of intellectual property rights affects the type of industry it attracts. Firms for which such rights are crucial (such as pharmaceutical firms) are unlikely to invest directly in countries where such protections are weak, or will not invest in manufacturing and research and development activities. Policy on intellectual property rights also influences whether technology transfer comes through licensing, joint ventures, or the establishment of wholly owned subsidiaries. This paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to study microfoundations of international technology diffusion. The study was funded by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project Microfoundations of International Technology Diffusion. The author may be contacted at [email protected].
Book Synopsis Human capital, technological spillovers and trade in the Mena countries by : Hamid Mohtadi
Download or read book Human capital, technological spillovers and trade in the Mena countries written by Hamid Mohtadi and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Human Capital in History by : Leah Platt Boustan
Download or read book Human Capital in History written by Leah Platt Boustan and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2014-11-05 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume honours the contributions Claudia Goldin has made to scholarship and teaching in economic history and labour economics. The chapters address some closely integrated issues: the role of human capital in the long-term development of the American economy, trends in fertility and marriage, and women's participation in economic change.
Book Synopsis Technology and International Trade by : Jan Fagerberg
Download or read book Technology and International Trade written by Jan Fagerberg and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1997 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These essays, theoretical as well as empirical, study the relationships between technology, growth, international competitiveness and employment. They also discuss the role of multinationals as vehicles for technology diffusion.
Book Synopsis Technology and Economic Interdependence by : Harry G. Johnson
Download or read book Technology and Economic Interdependence written by Harry G. Johnson and published by Springer. This book was released on 1975-12-01 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
