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Trade Policy And Market Power
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Book Synopsis Trade Policy and Market Structure by : Elhanan Helpman
Download or read book Trade Policy and Market Structure written by Elhanan Helpman and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1989-03-30 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This sequel to Market Structure and Foreign Trade examines the new international trade's applied side. It provides a compact guide to models of the effects of trade policy in imperfectly competitive markets, as well as an up-to-date survey of existing knowledge, which is extended by the authors' useful interpretations of the results.
Book Synopsis Trade Policy and Market Power by : Alan Asprilla
Download or read book Trade Policy and Market Power written by Alan Asprilla and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper identifies the effect of trade policy on market power through new data and a new identification strategy. It uses a large data set containing export values and quantities by product and destination for all exporting firms in 12 developing and emerging countries over several years, merged with destination-product-specific information on tariffs and non-tariff barriers. Market power is identified by observing how exporting firms price discriminate across markets in reaction to variations in bilateral exchange rates. Pricing-to-market is prevalent in all regions of the sample, even among small firms, although it is increasing in firm size, in accordance with theory. More importantly, the effect of non-tariff measures is not isomorphic to that of tariffs: the observed pricing-to-market behavior suggests that, although tariffs reduce the market power of foreign firms through classic rent-shifting effects, non-tariff measures alter market structure and reinforce the market power of non-exiting firms, domestic and foreign ones alike.
Book Synopsis International Trade Policy with Imperfect Competition by : Richard W. T. Pomfret
Download or read book International Trade Policy with Imperfect Competition written by Richard W. T. Pomfret and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Trade Policy Implications of a Changing World: Tariffs and Import Market Power by : Adam Jakubik
Download or read book Trade Policy Implications of a Changing World: Tariffs and Import Market Power written by Adam Jakubik and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-01-13 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic theory suggests that countries’ tariff commitments in trade agreements reflect their import market power at the time of negotiations. However, as countries grow, their market power in different sectors can change in unforeseen ways and their commitments may no longer reflect changed economic conditions. Using a newly built dataset of pre-Uruguay Round applied tariffs and relying on the theoretical framework of the terms-of-trade motive for trade agreements, we estimate hypothetical tariff commitments under current levels of market power and compare them with actual tariff commitments. We find that lower tariff commitments required to reflect current economic conditions would amount to a reduction in annual tariff costs of up to $26.4 billion – equivalent to nearly 10% of global tariff costs. Our results reveal substantial heterogeneity between countries and sectors. The sectors with the largest potential tariff cost reductions are vehicles (HS 87) and machinery and appliances (HS 84-85). Product-level tariff reductions would range from 0 to 18.5 percentage points and are on average largest for China. In the past, the GATT/WTO system has updated tariff commitments through periodic rounds of negotiations, and our findings support the revival of the WTO's negotiation function in this area.
Book Synopsis Market Power in International Trade Policy by : Sankalp Mathur
Download or read book Market Power in International Trade Policy written by Sankalp Mathur and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: pro-competitive gains are sizable, even for countries where import and export markups are aligned.
Book Synopsis International Competition Policy by : Michael A. Utton
Download or read book International Competition Policy written by Michael A. Utton and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2006 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a welcome and timely addition to the library of materials exploring the implications of the move from internationalisation of trade towards globalisation. Michael Hutchings, European Competition Law Review This book provides an excellent introduction to the difficult and important issues surrounding international trade and competition policy. Douglas A. Irwin, Dartmouth College, US The opening up of world markets, rapid growth of trade and foreign direct investment create manifold problems for competition policy. Thus, international mergers may have adverse effects on many countries, international cartels may carve up world markets and dominant firms may seek to maintain their global position by exclusionary conduct. These problems have been recognised for more than half a century and some attempts have been made internationally to address them, so far with limited success. This progressive book seeks to explore the problems and concerns that globalisation has created for competition policy. The book begins by setting out the principles of competition and trade policies, and then goes on to address the impact of market globalisation on what are usually thought of as traditional antitrust concerns. These include the analysis of the difficulties arising from collusion and other restrictive practices, government sponsored voluntary co-operation , vertical restrictions and market access, pricing strategies of dominant firms and international mergers, all illustrated with a number of prominent case studies. The author concludes with an illuminating discussion on the feasibility of international co-operation on competition policy, the faltering progress that has been made so far and the prospects for future advances. This comprehensive volume will prove to be an invaluable resource to students and scholars of law and economics. It will also find wide appeal amongst researchers, policy makers and practitioners with an interest in industrial organisation, antitrust policy and globalisation.
Book Synopsis Strategic Trade Policy by : Gene M. Grossman
Download or read book Strategic Trade Policy written by Gene M. Grossman and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Market Power, Competition, and Antitrust Policy by : William Lee Baldwin
Download or read book Market Power, Competition, and Antitrust Policy written by William Lee Baldwin and published by Irwin Professional Publishing. This book was released on 1987 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Policy Externalities And International Trade Agreements by : Limao Nuno
Download or read book Policy Externalities And International Trade Agreements written by Limao Nuno and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2018-09-19 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book Policy Externalities and International Trade Agreements is a selection of published articles examining how policy externalities motivate and can be addressed by international trading institutions. The studies provide groundbreaking evidence of the role of international market power and policy uncertainty as motives for trade agreements and on the potential clash between preferential trade liberalization (e.g. European Union, NAFTA) and multilateral agreements (WTO). The studies presented in this book not only identify and estimate how different policies interact with each other and across agreements, but also examine how international trading institutions can be used to limit redistribution towards special interest groups and enforce better cooperation across issues, such as labor and the environment, and between developing and developed countries.
Book Synopsis Export Activity and Strategic Trade Policy by : Horst Kräger
Download or read book Export Activity and Strategic Trade Policy written by Horst Kräger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New theories of international trade suggest that pro- tectionism can make sense. This finding depends on the in- troduction of market power and increasing returns to scale into the international trade theory. The enormous political implications of this hypothesis have started a large interest in applied or empirical investigations of this issue. However, econometric work in international trade is comparatively scarce, especially if it comes to testing with individual data. Therefore, this volume is considered to be a contribution to fill that gap. The volume consists of three parts: First, issues in strategic trade are discussed by means of a survey on recent contributions of the literatureand by a simulation excercise on optimal trade policy for imperfectly competitive industries. Second, a part investigating the determinants of trade flows studies the interrelationships between trade balances and exchange rates, plant size and international trade, and the revelance offirm size and market concentration for the degree of export market integration using business survey firm data. Third, there are studies on imperfect markets, innovations and learning which demonstrate the importanceof imperfect competition for international economics. All contributions provide empirical evidence for the revelance of the newly developed trade theories and demonstrate useful quantitative techniques for their investigation.
Book Synopsis Article Review of 'Trade Policy and Market Power by : Nargiz Mammadova
Download or read book Article Review of 'Trade Policy and Market Power written by Nargiz Mammadova and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The preliminary purpose of this paper is to analyze the methodology and results of the paper and compare its main findings to that of others concerning the effect of trade barriers on the flow of trade at firm and country level.
Book Synopsis American Trade and Power in the 1960's by : Thomas W. Zeiler
Download or read book American Trade and Power in the 1960's written by Thomas W. Zeiler and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: American Trade and Power in the 1960s is a timely examination of the success and failure of United States trade policy under presidents Kennedy and Johnson. Assessing a critical decade in postwar economic relations, Thomas W. Zeiler shows trade policy to be the decisive factor hastening America's economic decline vis-a-vis Western Europe and Japan. By the early 1960s, the international commercial might of the U.S. had begun to diminish as a result of the increased strength of the six-member European Economic Community and a persistent balance-of-payments deficit. Believing that America must either "trade or fade," Kennedy proposed a visionary foreign trade bill as a way to reinvigorate the U.S. economy and maintain the Western alliance against the Soviet. With an astute reading of previously unused documents, Zeiler provides a fascinating description of how Kennedy skillfully juggled powerful protectionist interests with his own more liberal trade sentiments to win passage of the bill. Illustrating the harsh realities faced by the U.S. in a world where its economic dominance was no longer assured, Zeiler also presents a masterful compendium of the GATT talks known as the Kennedy Round. In a narrative noteworthy for its clarity, theoretical sophistication, and scrupulous attention to detail, Zeiler shows how U.S. trade policy was thwarted by rising EEC integration and Gaullist obstructionism. The GATT talks conclusively demonstrated that "American hegemony had ended." American Trade and Power in the 1960s brilliantly illuminates the roots of America's economic decline.
Book Synopsis Market Structure and Market Access by : Joseph F. Francois
Download or read book Market Structure and Market Access written by Joseph F. Francois and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors examine an issue at the nexus of domestic competition policy and international trade, the interaction between goods trade and market power in domestic trade and distribution sectors. Theory suggests a set of linkages between service-sector competition and goods trade supported by econometrics involving imports of 22 OECD countries compared with 69 exporters. Competition in services affects the volume of goods trade. Additionally, because of interaction between tariffs and competition, the market structure of the domestic service sector becomes increasingly important as tariffs are reduced. Empirically service competition apparently matters most for exporters in smaller, poorer countries. The results also suggest that while negotiated agreements leading to cross-border services liberalization may boost goods trade as well, they may also lead to a fall in goods trade when such liberalization involves foreign direct investment leading to increased service sector concentration.
Book Synopsis Customer Market Power and the Provision of Trade Credit by : Neeltje van Horen
Download or read book Customer Market Power and the Provision of Trade Credit written by Neeltje van Horen and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistics show that the sale of goods on credit is widespread among firms even when they are capital constrained and thus face relatively high costs in providing trade credit. This study provides an explanation for this by arguing that customers who possess strong market power are able to increase their customer surplus by demanding to purchase the goods on credit. This gain in customer surplus increases with the degree of asymmetric information between buyer and seller with respect to product quality. Therefore, firms that are perceived as risky are especially subject to the market power of the customer and have to sell their goods on credit. Using detailed firm-level data from a large number of firms in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, this study finds evidence consistent with this hypothesis. It finds a strong positive correlation between customer market power and trade credit provision. Furthermore, this relationship is especially strong when the supplier is more risky and in countries with limited financial sector development or a weak legal system.
Book Synopsis Trade Policy and Market Power by : Bruce A. Blonigen
Download or read book Trade Policy and Market Power written by Bruce A. Blonigen and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A primary function of trade policy is to restrict imports to benefit the targeted domestic sector. However, a well-established theoretical literature highlights that the form of trade policy (e.g., quotas versus tariffs) can have a significant impact on how much trade policy affects firms' abilities to price above marginal cost (i.e., market power). The US steel industry provides an excellent example to study these issues, as it has received many different types of trade protection over the past decades. We model the US steel market and then use a panel of data on major steel products from 1980 through 2006 to examine the effects of various trade policies on the steel market. We find that the US steel market is very competitive throughout our sample with the exception of the period in which they received comprehensive voluntary restraint agreements (i.e., quotas) and were able to price substantially above marginal cost. All other forms of protection were in tariff form and had little effect on market power, consistent with prior theoretical literature on the nonequivalence of tariffs and quotas. We also find evidence that market power eroded over time in steel products where mini-mill producers gained sizeable market share, highlighting the role of technology in the market as well.
Book Synopsis A Practical Guide to Trade Policy Analysis by : Marc Bacchetta
Download or read book A Practical Guide to Trade Policy Analysis written by Marc Bacchetta and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade flows and trade policies need to be properly quantified to describe, compare, or follow the evolution of policies between sectors or countries or over time. This is essential to ensure that policy choices are made with an appropriate knowledge of the real conditions. This practical guide introduces the main techniques of trade and trade policy data analysis. It shows how to develop the main indexes used to analyze trade flows, tariff structures, and non-tariff measures. It presents the databases needed to construct these indexes as well as the challenges faced in collecting and processing these data, such as measurement errors or aggregation bias. Written by experts with practical experience in the field, A Practical Guide to Trade Policy Analysis has been developed to contribute to enhance developing countries' capacity to analyze and implement trade policy. It offers a hands-on introduction on how to estimate the distributional effects of trade policies on welfare, in particular on inequality and poverty. The guide is aimed at government experts engaged in trade negotiations, as well as students and researchers involved in trade-related study or research. An accompanying DVD contains data sets and program command files required for the exercises. Copublished by the WTO and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
Book Synopsis Business Size, Market Power, and Public Policy by : William Norris Leonard
Download or read book Business Size, Market Power, and Public Policy written by William Norris Leonard and published by New York : Crowell. This book was released on 1969 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
