Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Trade And Variety In A Model Of Endogenous Product Differentiation
Download Trade And Variety In A Model Of Endogenous Product Differentiation full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Trade And Variety In A Model Of Endogenous Product Differentiation ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Trade and Variety in a Model of Endogenous Product Differentiation by : Oliver Lorz
Download or read book Trade and Variety in a Model of Endogenous Product Differentiation written by Oliver Lorz and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper sets up a model of endogenous product differentiation to analyze the variety effects of international trade. In our model multi-product firms decide not only about the number of varieties they supply but also about the degree of horizontal differentiation between these varieties. Firms can raise the degree of differentiation by investing variety-specific fixed costs. In this setting, we analyze how trade integration, i.e. an increase in market size, influences the number of firms in the market, the number of product varieties supplied by each firm, and the degree of differentiation.
Book Synopsis Endogenous Product Differentiation, Market Size and Prices by : Shon M. Ferguson
Download or read book Endogenous Product Differentiation, Market Size and Prices written by Shon M. Ferguson and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides a framework to understand how market size affects firms' investments in product differentiation in a model of monopolistic competition. The theory proposes that consumers' love of variety makes them more sensitive to product differentiation efforts by firms, which leads to more differentiated products in larger markets. The framework also predicts an inverted -shaped effect of trade liberalization on product differentiation, with trade liberalization leading to more differentiated products when starting from autarky but then leading to less differentiated products as the countries approach free trade.
Book Synopsis The Economic Theory of Product Differentiation by : John Beath
Download or read book The Economic Theory of Product Differentiation written by John Beath and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1991-02-22 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are few industries in modern market economies that do not manufacture differentiated products. This book provides a systematic explanation and analysis of the widespread prevalence of this important category of products. The authors concentrate on models in which product selection is endogenous. In the first four chapters they consider models that try to predict the level of product differentiation that would emerge in situations of market equilibrium. These market equilibria with differentiated products are characterised and then compared with social welfare optima. Particular attention is paid to the distinction between horizontal and vertical differentiation as well as to the related issues of product quality and durability. This book brings together the most important theoretical contributions to these topics in a succinct and coherent manner. One of its major strengths is the way in which it carefully sets out the basic intuition behind the formal results. It will be useful to advanced undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in industrial economics and microeconomic theory.
Book Synopsis Product Variety and the Gains from International Trade by : Robert C. Feenstra
Download or read book Product Variety and the Gains from International Trade written by Robert C. Feenstra and published by . This book was released on 2010-08-06 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of the methods to measure the product variety of imports and the gains from trade due to product variety. The application of the monopolistic competition model to international trade by Elhanan Helpman, Paul Krugman, and Kelvin Lancaster was one of the great achievements of international trade theory in the 1970s and 1980s. Monopolistic competition models have required new empirical methods to implement their theoretical insights, however, and in this book Robert Feenstra describes methods that have been developed to measure the product variety of imports and the gains from trade that are due to product variety. Feenstra first considers the consumer benefits from having access to new import varieties of differentiated products, and examines a recent method to estimate the elasticity of substitution (the extent of differentiation across products) and to use that information to construct the gains from import variety. He then examines claims of producer benefit from export variety, arguing that the self-selection of the more productive firms (as the low-productivity firms exit the market) can be interpreted as a gain from product variety. He makes use of a measurement of product variety known as the extensive margin of exports and imports. Finally, he considers an alternative approach to quantifying the gains due to product variety by comparing real GDP calculated with and without the extensive margin of trade.
Book Synopsis International Trade and Imperfect Competition by : Junichi Goto
Download or read book International Trade and Imperfect Competition written by Junichi Goto and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1988 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Product Variety and Economic Growth by : Michael Funke
Download or read book Product Variety and Economic Growth written by Michael Funke and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Imperfect Competition And Political Economy by : Colin Carter
Download or read book Imperfect Competition And Political Economy written by Colin Carter and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-04-24 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium commissioned papers. The papers systematically explore the conceptual and empirical dimensions of the new trade theory and try to determine the potential application to agricultural trade and trade policy analysis.
Book Synopsis Intra-Industry Trade with Bertrand and Cournot Oligopoly by : James A. Brander
Download or read book Intra-Industry Trade with Bertrand and Cournot Oligopoly written by James A. Brander and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates the effect of endogenous horizontal product differentiation on trade patterns and the gains from trade under Bertrand and Cournot oligopoly. Firms differentiate their products to mitigate competition, but only if the investment required is not too high. Investment in product differentiation takes place in a much wider range of cases and results in a greater difference between products under Bertrand than Cournot competition. In our model, trade in homogeneous products never takes place under Bertrand competition: Bertrand firms export only if they differentiate their products. Cournot firms may trade in either homogeneous or differentiated products. If there is trade, consumers tend to be better off with Bertrand than Cournot competition due to greater product differentiation and more aggressive pricing, but higher levels of investment can raise Bertrand profit above Cournot profit and also above the monopoly profit at autarky when investment costs are sufficiently low.
Book Synopsis Product Differentiation in a Market with Endogenous Sequential Entry by : Walter James Lane
Download or read book Product Differentiation in a Market with Endogenous Sequential Entry written by Walter James Lane and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Model of Trade with Endogenous Product Design by : Pak Hung Au
Download or read book A Model of Trade with Endogenous Product Design written by Pak Hung Au and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Trade Costs and International Strategy of Firms by : Pierre Blanchard
Download or read book Trade Costs and International Strategy of Firms written by Pierre Blanchard and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Trade, Globalization and Development by : Rajat Acharyya
Download or read book Trade, Globalization and Development written by Rajat Acharyya and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-18 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book was written in honour of Professor Kalyan K. Sanyal, who was an excellent educator and renowned scholar in the field of international economics. One of his research papers co-authored with Ronald Jones, entitled “The Theory of Trade in Middle Products” and published in American Economic Review in 1982, was a seminal work in the field of international trade theory. This paper would go on to inspire many subsequent significant works by researchers across the globe on trade in intermediate goods. The larger impact of any paper, beyond the number of citations, lies in terms of the passion it sparks among younger researchers to pursue new questions. Measured by this yardstick, Sanyal’s contribution in trade theory will undoubtedly be regarded as historic. After completing his Ph.D. at the University of Rochester he joined the Department of Economics at Calcutta University in the early 1980s and taught trade theory there for almost three decades. His insights, articulation and brilliance in teaching international economics have influenced and shaped the intellectual development of many of his students. After his sudden passing in February 2012, his students and colleagues organized a symposium in his honour at the Department of Economics, Jadavpur University from April 19 to 20, 2012. This book, a small tribute to his intellect and contribution, has been a follow-up on that endeavour, and a collective effort of many people including his teachers, friends, colleagues and students. In a nutshell it discusses intermediation of various kinds with significant implications for market integration through trade and finance. That trade can generate many non-trade-service sector links has recently emerged as a topic of growing concern and can trace its lineage back to the idea of the middle product, a recurring concept in Prof. Sanyal’s work.
Book Synopsis Globalization and the Gains from Variety by : Christian Broda
Download or read book Globalization and the Gains from Variety written by Christian Broda and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Since the seminal work of Krugman (1979), product variety has played a central role in models of trade and growth. In spite of the general use of love-of-variety models, there has been no systematic study of how the import of new varieties has contributed to national welfare gains in the United States. In this paper we show that the unmeasured growth in product variety from US imports has been an important source of gains from trade over the last three decades (1972-2001). Using extremely disaggregated data, we show that the number of imported product varieties has increased by a factor of four. We also estimate the elasticities of substitution for each available category at the same level of aggregation, and describe their behavior across time and SITC-5 industries. Using these estimates we develop an exact price index and find that the upward bias in the conventional import price index is approximately 1.2 percent per year. The magnitude of this bias suggests that the welfare gains from variety growth in imports alone are 2.8 percent of GDP"--NBER website
Book Synopsis Market Size, Trade, and Productivity by : Marc J. Melitz
Download or read book Market Size, Trade, and Productivity written by Marc J. Melitz and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We develop a monopolistically competitive model of trade with firm heterogeneity - in terms of productivity differences - and endogenous differences in the 'toughness' of competition across markets - in terms of the number and average productivity of competing firms. We analyze how these features vary across markets of different size that are not perfectly integrated through trade; we then study the effects of different trade liberalization policies. In our model, market size and trade affect the toughness of competition, which then feeds back into the selection of heterogeneous producers and exporters in that market. Aggregate productivity and average markups thus respond to both the size of a market and the extent of its integration through trade (larger, more integrated markets exhibit higher productivity and lower markups). Our model remains highly tractable, even when extended to a general framework with multiple asymmetric countries integrated to different extents through asymmetric trade costs. We believe this provides a useful modeling framework that is particularly well suited to the analysis of trade and regional integration policy scenarios in an environment with heterogeneous firms and endogenous markups.
Book Synopsis Text-Based Network Industries and Endogenous Product Differentiation by : Gerard Hoberg
Download or read book Text-Based Network Industries and Endogenous Product Differentiation written by Gerard Hoberg and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study how firms differ from their competitors using new time-varying measures of product differentiation based on text-based analysis of product descriptions from 50,673 firm 10-K statements filed yearly with the Securities and Exchange Commission. This year-by-year set of product differentiation measures allows us to generate a new set of industries and corresponding new measures of industry competition where firms can have their own distinct set of competitors. Our new sets of industry competitors better explain specific discussion of high competition by management, rivals identified by managers as peer firms and firm characteristics such as profitability and leverage than do existing classifications. We also find evidence that firm R&D and advertising are associated with subsequent differentiation from competitors, consistent with theories of endogenous product differentiation.
Book Synopsis Endogenous Entry, Product Variety, and Business Cycles by : Florin Ovidiu Bilbiie
Download or read book Endogenous Entry, Product Variety, and Business Cycles written by Florin Ovidiu Bilbiie and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper builds a framework for the analysis of macroeconomic fluctuations that incorporates the endogenous determination of the number of producers over the business cycle. Economic expansions induce higher entry rates by prospective entrants subject to irreversible investment costs. The sluggish response of the number of producers (due to the sunk entry costs) generates a new and potentially important endogenous propagation mechanism for real business cycle models. The stock-market price of investment (corresponding to the creation of new productive units) determines household saving decisions, producer entry, and the allocation of labor across sectors. The model performs at least as well as the benchmark real business cycle model with respect to the implied second-moment properties of key macroeconomic aggregates. In addition, our framework jointly predicts a procyclical number of producers and procyclical profits even for preference specifications that imply countercyclical markups. When we include physical capital, the model can reproduce the variance and autocorrelation of GDP found in the data.
Book Synopsis International Trade by : Luis Rivera-Batiz
Download or read book International Trade written by Luis Rivera-Batiz and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2003 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title offers an integrated account of strategic trade analysis, combined with empirical evidence and new results. It addresses the need to synthesize and integrate the new advances in a field that has become a key element of policy discussions.
