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Tout savoir sur... URGENT: Changez de business model!

Author : Bertrand Petit
Publisher : Editions Kawa
ISBN 13 : 2367780064
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (677 download)

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Book Synopsis Tout savoir sur... URGENT: Changez de business model! by : Bertrand Petit

Download or read book Tout savoir sur... URGENT: Changez de business model! written by Bertrand Petit and published by Editions Kawa. This book was released on 2014-05-19 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthèse de veille innovation business pour dirigeants Ce livre propose une synthèse de la veille innovation, réalisée au sein d’InnoCherche à l’intention des dirigeants. Qu’est-ce qu’InnoCherche ? InnoCherche est un réseau de veille innovation qui se focalise sur les usages et qui s’est donné pour mission d’alerter les directions générales sur les basculements de business models et de modes de management. Nous sommes convaincus que, depuis l’arrivée en avril 2007 du smartphone, véritable orthèse intellectuelle, tous les usages ont été et continueront à être bouleversés. La question, qui se pose pour chaque secteur, pour chaque entreprise et chaque dirigeant est de savoir quand. Les modes de raisonnements pour aborder ce nouveau monde sont, eux également chamboulés car, pour anticiper les changements d’usages dans un secteur, il ne faut plus continuer à raisonner en fi lière, ou en silo comme Colbert nous l’a appris et comme nous le faisons depuis quatre siècles... il faut penser en écosystèmes transverses. Après 30 années passées dans des grands groupes internationaux et ceci, des deux cotés de l’Atlantique, dans des fonctions business de la chimie, pour finir patron d’une division de 650 M puis dans des postes de DSI dans la distribution et l’industrie lourde, Bertrand Petit a créé InnoCherche en 2009 et se passionne sur la veille innovation transverse vue côté business. Au sein d’InnoCherche, plus de 600 cadres, en transition professionnelle ou indépendants, sont venus contribuer à cette veille innovation, dont voici une synthèse de vulgarisation transsectorielle sur les tendances de fonds de notre société et leurs impacts sur les business. Extraits du sommaire: PARTIE 1 Introduction Chapitre 1 Orthèse intellectuelle et nouveaux usages 1/ Collaboration de masse 2/ Autres aspects expliquant l’accélération 3/ Tout se transforme : mais quand serai-je affecté ? 4/ Customer service Chapitre 2 Les nouveaux modes de management 1/ Et l’homme dans tout cela ? 2/ Génération Y 3/ Cohérence avec son motto 4/ Les thématiques RH Chapitre 3 « Innovation comes from the fringe » 1/ Management de l’innovation 2/ Cinq innovations, cinq pavés dans la mare Chapitre 4 Bagarre des verticaux contre les market-places 1/ E-wallet vs apps : la guerre du paiement électronique sur tous les segments 2/ Débat e-wallet vs apps 3/ Apps vs wallet : « Head-centric approach » 4/ Bagarre frontale Amazon/Google dans le shopping express 5/ Aspect local : la Fnac versus Amazon 6/ Real Time Bidding (RTB) ; un pas de plus vers le marketing One2One Chapitre 5 Orthèse intellectuelle et big data 1/ IHM et big data 2/ Est-ce « Big Brother » ou mon butler numérique domestiqué ? 3/ Amazon, tiers de confiance 4/ Écosystème Marketing 5/ Cas d’usage : Mme Martin et son butler numérique 6/ Gouvernance : à qui appartient la donnée marketing ? 7/ E-wallet : la bagarre de la poche Chapitre 6 Aspect sociétal et droit sur mes informations : mes 5 sphères 1/ L’orthèse remet le pouvoir dans la main des individus 2/ Cinq sphères, cinq écosystèmes avec cinq tiersde confiance différents 3/ Des frontières floues entre nos 5 sphères 4/ Nous avons tous trois identités 5/ Exigence, gouvernance et RSE Chapitre 7 Le rôle des pouvoirs publics dans ce nouveau mondenumérique 1/ Risque et transparence 2/ Vol d’argent et d’identité : Faisons le parallèle avec le monde physique d’aujourd’hui 3/ Infrastructure du futur 4/ Le maire de Paris comme tiers de confiance sur mon réseau social ...

Changing Market Relationships in the Internet Age

Author : Jean-Jacques Lambin
Publisher : Presses univ. de Louvain
ISBN 13 : 9782874631191
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis Changing Market Relationships in the Internet Age by : Jean-Jacques Lambin

Download or read book Changing Market Relationships in the Internet Age written by Jean-Jacques Lambin and published by Presses univ. de Louvain. This book was released on 2013-04-03 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This essay attempts to structure a forward-looking approach to the evolving role of marketing in today's economy. Many organisations today recognize the need to become more market responsive in the global and interconnected market in which they operate.

Français Interactif

Author : Karen Kelton
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781937963200
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (632 download)

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Book Synopsis Français Interactif by : Karen Kelton

Download or read book Français Interactif written by Karen Kelton and published by . This book was released on 2019-08-15 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook includes all 13 chapters of Français interactif. It accompanies www.laits.utexas.edu/fi, the web-based French program developed and in use at the University of Texas since 2004, and its companion site, Tex's French Grammar (2000) www.laits.utexas.edu/tex/ Français interactif is an open acess site, a free and open multimedia resources, which requires neither password nor fees. Français interactif has been funded and created by Liberal Arts Instructional Technology Services at the University of Texas, and is currently supported by COERLL, the Center for Open Educational Resources and Language Learning UT-Austin, and the U.S. Department of Education Fund for the Improvement of Post-Secondary Education (FIPSE Grant P116B070251) as an example of the open access initiative.

Market-Driven Management

Author : Jean-Jacques Lambin
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1350305235
Total Pages : 676 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis Market-Driven Management by : Jean-Jacques Lambin

Download or read book Market-Driven Management written by Jean-Jacques Lambin and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-07-19 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Market-Driven Management adopts a broad approach to marketing, integrating the strategic and operational elements of the discipline. Lambin's unique approach reflects how marketing operates empirically, as both a business philosophy and an action-oriented process. Motivated by the increased complexity of markets, globalisation, deregulation, and the development of e-commerce, the author challenges the traditional concept of the 4Ps and the functional roles of marketing departments, focusing instead on the concept of market orientation. The book considers all of the key market stakeholders, arguing that developing market relations and enhancing customer value is the responsibility of every member of the organization, and that the development of this customer value is the only way for a firm to achieve profit and growth. New to this edition: - Greater coverage of ethical issues and corporate social responsibility; cultural diversity; value and branding and the economic downturn - Broad international perspective - Thoroughly revised to reflect the latest academic thinking and research With its unique approach, international cases and complementary online resources, this book is ideal for postgraduate and upper level undergraduate students of marketing, and for MBAs and Executive MBAs.

Brain Rules (Updated and Expanded)

Author : John Medina
Publisher : Pear Press
ISBN 13 : 0996032606
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Rules (Updated and Expanded) by : John Medina

Download or read book Brain Rules (Updated and Expanded) written by John Medina and published by Pear Press. This book was released on 2014-04-22 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of us have no idea what’s really going on inside our heads. Yet brain scientists have uncovered details every business leader, parent, and teacher should know—like the need for physical activity to get your brain working its best. How do we learn? What exactly do sleep and stress do to our brains? Why is multi-tasking a myth? Why is it so easy to forget—and so important to repeat new knowledge? Is it true that men and women have different brains? In Brain Rules, Dr. John Medina, a molecular biologist, shares his lifelong interest in how the brain sciences might influence the way we teach our children and the way we work. In each chapter, he describes a brain rule—what scientists know for sure about how our brains work—and then offers transformative ideas for our daily lives. Medina’s fascinating stories and infectious sense of humor breathe life into brain science. You’ll learn why Michael Jordan was no good at baseball. You’ll peer over a surgeon’s shoulder as he proves that most of us have a Jennifer Aniston neuron. You’ll meet a boy who has an amazing memory for music but can’t tie his own shoes. You will discover how: Every brain is wired differently Exercise improves cognition We are designed to never stop learning and exploring Memories are volatile Sleep is powerfully linked with the ability to learn Vision trumps all of the other senses Stress changes the way we learn In the end, you’ll understand how your brain really works—and how to get the most out of it.

Proceedings of the Fourth Resilience Engineering Symposium

Author : Erik Hollnagel
Publisher : Presses des MINES
ISBN 13 : 2911256476
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (112 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the Fourth Resilience Engineering Symposium by : Erik Hollnagel

Download or read book Proceedings of the Fourth Resilience Engineering Symposium written by Erik Hollnagel and published by Presses des MINES. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings document the various presentations at the Fourth Resilience Engineering Symposium held on June 8-10, 2011, in Sophia-Antipolis, France. The Symposium gathered participants from five continents and provided them with a forum to exchange experiences and problems, and to learn about Resilience Engineering from the latest scientific achievements to recent practical applications. The First Resilience Engineering Symposium was held in Söderköping, Sweden, on October 25-29 2004. The Second Resilience Engineering Symposium was held in Juan-les-Pins, France, on November 8-10 2006, The Third Resilience Engineering Symposium was held in Juan-les-Pins, France, on October 28-30 2008. Since the first Symposium, resilience engineering has fast become recognised as a valuable complement to the established approaches to safety. Both industry and academia have recognised that resilience engineering offers valuable conceptual and practical basis that can be used to attack the problems of interconnectedness and intractability of complex socio-technical systems. The concepts and principles of resilience engineering have been tested and refined by applications in such fields as air traffic management, offshore production, patient safety, and commercial fishing. Continued work has also made it clear that resilience is neither limited to handling threats and disturbances, nor confined to situations where something can go wrong. Today, resilience is understood as the intrinsic ability of a system to adjust its functioning prior to, during, or following changes and disturbances, so that it can sustain required operations under both expected and unexpected conditions. This definition emphasizes the ability to continue functioning, rather than simply to react and recover from disturbances and the ability to deal with diverse conditions of functioning, expected as well as unexpected. For anyone who is interested in learning more about Resilience Engineering, the books published in the Ashgate Studies in Resilience Engineering provide an excellent starting point. Another sign that Resilience Engineering is coming of age is the establishment of the Resilience Engineering Association. The goal of this association is to provide a forum for coordination and exchange of experiences, by bringing together researchers and professionals working in the Resilience Engineering domain and organisations applying or willing to apply Resilience Engineering principles in their...

The Postmodern Condition

Author : Jean-François Lyotard
Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
ISBN 13 : 9780816611737
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (117 download)

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Book Synopsis The Postmodern Condition by : Jean-François Lyotard

Download or read book The Postmodern Condition written by Jean-François Lyotard and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 1984 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book it explores science and technology, makes connections between these epistemic, cultural, and political trends, and develops profound insights into the nature of our postmodernity.

The DARPA Model for Transformative Technologies: Perspectives on the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency

Author : William Boone Bonvillian
Publisher : Open Book Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1783747943
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (837 download)

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Book Synopsis The DARPA Model for Transformative Technologies: Perspectives on the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency by : William Boone Bonvillian

Download or read book The DARPA Model for Transformative Technologies: Perspectives on the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency written by William Boone Bonvillian and published by Open Book Publishers. This book was released on 2020-01-09 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors have done a masterful job of charting the important story of DARPA, one of the key catalysts of technological innovation in US recent history. By plotting the development, achievements and structure of the leading world agency of this kind, this book stimulates new thinking in the field of technological innovation with bearing on how to respond to climate change, pandemics, cyber security and other global problems of our time. The DARPA Model provides a useful guide for governmental agency and policy leaders, and for anybody interested in the role of governments in technological innovation. —Dr. Kent Hughes, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars This volume contains a remarkable collection of extremely insightful articles on the world’s most successful advanced technology agency. Drafted by the leading US experts on DARPA, it provides a variety of perspectives that in turn benefit from being presented together in a comprehensive volume. It reviews DARPA’s unique role in the U.S. innovation system, as well as the challenges DARPA and its clones face today. As the American model is being considered for adoption by a number of countries worldwide, this book makes a welcome and timely contribution to the policy dialogue on the role played by governments in stimulating technological innovation. — Prof. Charles Wessner, Georgetown University The U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) has played a remarkable role in the creation new transformative technologies, revolutionizing defense with drones and precision-guided munitions, and transforming civilian life with portable GPS receivers, voice-recognition software, self-driving cars, unmanned aerial vehicles, and, most famously, the ARPANET and its successor, the Internet. Other parts of the U.S. Government and some foreign governments have tried to apply the ‘DARPA model’ to help develop valuable new technologies. But how and why has DARPA succeeded? Which features of its operation and environment contribute to this success? And what lessons does its experience offer for other U.S. agencies and other governments that want to develop and demonstrate their own ‘transformative technologies’? This book is a remarkable collection of leading academic research on DARPA from a wide range of perspectives, combining to chart an important story from the Agency’s founding in the wake of Sputnik, to the current attempts to adapt it to use by other federal agencies. Informative and insightful, this guide is essential reading for political and policy leaders, as well as researchers and students interested in understanding the success of this agency and the lessons it offers to others.

History of International Relations

Author : Erik Ringmar
Publisher : Open Book Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1783740256
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (837 download)

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Book Synopsis History of International Relations by : Erik Ringmar

Download or read book History of International Relations written by Erik Ringmar and published by Open Book Publishers. This book was released on 2019-08-02 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Existing textbooks on international relations treat history in a cursory fashion and perpetuate a Euro-centric perspective. This textbook pioneers a new approach by historicizing the material traditionally taught in International Relations courses, and by explicitly focusing on non-European cases, debates and issues. The volume is divided into three parts. The first part focuses on the international systems that traditionally existed in Europe, East Asia, pre-Columbian Central and South America, Africa and Polynesia. The second part discusses the ways in which these international systems were brought into contact with each other through the agency of Mongols in Central Asia, Arabs in the Mediterranean and the Indian Ocean, Indic and Sinic societies in South East Asia, and the Europeans through their travels and colonial expansion. The concluding section concerns contemporary issues: the processes of decolonization, neo-colonialism and globalization – and their consequences on contemporary society. History of International Relations provides a unique textbook for undergraduate and graduate students of international relations, and anybody interested in international relations theory, history, and contemporary politics.

Canadian Periodical Index

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1740 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Canadian Periodical Index by :

Download or read book Canadian Periodical Index written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Moral Tribes

Author : Joshua Greene
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0143126059
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (431 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Tribes by : Joshua Greene

Download or read book Moral Tribes written by Joshua Greene and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2014-12-30 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Surprising and remarkable…Toggling between big ideas, technical details, and his personal intellectual journey, Greene writes a thesis suitable to both airplane reading and PhD seminars.”—The Boston Globe Our brains were designed for tribal life, for getting along with a select group of others (Us) and for fighting off everyone else (Them). But modern times have forced the world’s tribes into a shared space, resulting in epic clashes of values along with unprecedented opportunities. As the world shrinks, the moral lines that divide us become more salient and more puzzling. We fight over everything from tax codes to gay marriage to global warming, and we wonder where, if at all, we can find our common ground. A grand synthesis of neuroscience, psychology, and philosophy, Moral Tribes reveals the underlying causes of modern conflict and lights the way forward. Greene compares the human brain to a dual-mode camera, with point-and-shoot automatic settings (“portrait,” “landscape”) as well as a manual mode. Our point-and-shoot settings are our emotions—efficient, automated programs honed by evolution, culture, and personal experience. The brain’s manual mode is its capacity for deliberate reasoning, which makes our thinking flexible. Point-and-shoot emotions make us social animals, turning Me into Us. But they also make us tribal animals, turning Us against Them. Our tribal emotions make us fight—sometimes with bombs, sometimes with words—often with life-and-death stakes. A major achievement from a rising star in a new scientific field, Moral Tribes will refashion your deepest beliefs about how moral thinking works and how it can work better.

Our Life in the Forest

Author : Marie Darrieussecq
Publisher : Text Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1925603784
Total Pages : 159 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (256 download)

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Book Synopsis Our Life in the Forest by : Marie Darrieussecq

Download or read book Our Life in the Forest written by Marie Darrieussecq and published by Text Publishing. This book was released on 2018-07-30 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the near future, a woman is writing in the depths of a forest. She’s cold. Her body is falling apart, as is the world around her. She’s lost the use of one eye; she’s down to one kidney, one lung. Before, in the city, she was a psychotherapist, treating patients who had suffered trauma, in particular a man, “the clicker”. Every two weeks, she travelled out to the Rest Centre, to visit her “half”, Marie, her spitting image, who lay in an induced coma, her body parts available whenever the woman needed them. As a form of resistance against the terror in the city, the woman flees, along with other fugitives and their halves. But life in the forest is disturbing too—the reanimated halves are behaving like uninhibited adolescents. And when she sees a shocking image of herself on video, are her worst fears confirmed? Our Life in the Forest, written in her inimitable concise, vivid prose recalls Darrieusecq’s brilliant debut, Pig Tales. A dystopian tale in the vein of Never Let Me Go, this is a clever novel of chilling suspense that challenges our ideas about the future, about organ-trafficking, about identity, clones, and the place of the individual in a surveillance state.

All Is Forgotten, Nothing Is Lost: A Novel

Author : Lan Samantha Chang
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 0393340562
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (933 download)

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Book Synopsis All Is Forgotten, Nothing Is Lost: A Novel by : Lan Samantha Chang

Download or read book All Is Forgotten, Nothing Is Lost: A Novel written by Lan Samantha Chang and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2011-09-12 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A haunting story of art, ambition, love, and friendship by a writer of elegant, exacting prose.

Web 2.0: A Strategy Guide

Author : Amy Shuen
Publisher : "O'Reilly Media, Inc."
ISBN 13 : 0596553757
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (965 download)

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Book Synopsis Web 2.0: A Strategy Guide by : Amy Shuen

Download or read book Web 2.0: A Strategy Guide written by Amy Shuen and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2008-04-23 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Web 2.0 makes headlines, but how does it make money? This concise guide explains what's different about Web 2.0 and how those differences can improve your company's bottom line. Whether you're an executive plotting the next move, a small business owner looking to expand, or an entrepreneur planning a startup, Web 2.0: A Strategy Guide illustrates through real-life examples how businesses, large and small, are creating new opportunities on today's Web. This book is about strategy. Rather than focus on the technology, the examples concentrate on its effect. You will learn that creating a Web 2.0 business, or integrating Web 2.0 strategies with your existing business, means creating places online where people like to come together to share what they think, see, and do. When people come together over the Web, the result can be much more than the sum of the parts. The customers themselves help build the site, as old-fashioned "word of mouth" becomes hypergrowth. Web 2.0: A Strategy Guide demonstrates the power of this new paradigm by examining how: Flickr, a classic user-driven business, created value for itself by helping users create their own value Google made money with a model based on free search, and changed the rules for doing business on the Web-opening opportunities you can take advantage of Social network effects can support a business-ever wonder how FaceBook grew so quickly? Businesses like Amazon tap into the Web as a source of indirect revenue, using creative new approaches to monetize the investments they've made in the Web Written by Amy Shuen, an authority on Silicon Valley business models and innovation economics, Web 2.0: A Strategy Guide explains how to transform your business by looking at specific practices for integrating Web 2.0 with what you do. If you're executing business strategy and want to know how the Web is changing business, this book is for you.

Geometries of the Living

Author : Alain Prochiantz
Publisher : Collège de France
ISBN 13 : 272260437X
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (226 download)

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Book Synopsis Geometries of the Living by : Alain Prochiantz

Download or read book Geometries of the Living written by Alain Prochiantz and published by Collège de France. This book was released on 2016-03-17 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My idea of a theory in biology is quite different from the theoretical biology that is expressed as equations of observed or photographed phenomena. I have a simpler, more concrete conception. Not a mathematical description of what is seen, but an evolving model, a tool developed through bricolage, with mathematics perhaps, but also natural language: one that serves above all to understand the unseen; to guess, beneath the visible, the invisible dimensions of life forms, the underlying “logic”.

Tom is Dead

Author : Marie Darrieussecq
Publisher : Text Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1921520310
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (215 download)

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Book Synopsis Tom is Dead by : Marie Darrieussecq

Download or read book Tom is Dead written by Marie Darrieussecq and published by Text Publishing. This book was released on 2009-08-03 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Set in the Blue Mountains and in Sydney, Tom is Dead is a suspense novel about grief. The narrator's son has been dead for ten years; he was four and a half. For the first time since that day, she spends a few minutes without thinking of him. To stop herself from forgetting, she tries to write Tom's story, the story of his death. She writes about the first hours, the first days, and then about the hours and the days before. She strives to describe it all as precisely as possible. It's the details that will lead her and the reader to the truth.

Précis of the Lectures on Architecture

Author : Jean-Nicolas-Louis Durand
Publisher : Getty Publications
ISBN 13 : 0892365803
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (923 download)

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Book Synopsis Précis of the Lectures on Architecture by : Jean-Nicolas-Louis Durand

Download or read book Précis of the Lectures on Architecture written by Jean-Nicolas-Louis Durand and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jean-Nicolas-Louis Durand (1760–1834) regarded the Précis of the Lectures on Architecture (1802–5) and its companion volume, the Graphic Portion (1821), as both a basic course for future civil engineers and a treatise. Focusing the practice of architecture on utilitarian and economic values, he assailed the rationale behind classical architectural training: beauty, proportionality, and symbolism. His formal systematization of plans, elevations, and sections transformed architectural design into a selective modular typology in which symmetry and simple geometrical forms prevailed. His emphasis on pragmatic values, to the exclusion of metaphysical concerns, represented architecture as a closed system that subjected its own formal language to logical processes. Now published in English for the first time, the Précis and the Graphic Portion are classics of architectural education.