Time-resolved Measurement of Vibrational Coherences in the Single Molecule Limit

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781321094480
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (944 download)

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Book Synopsis Time-resolved Measurement of Vibrational Coherences in the Single Molecule Limit by : Steven Yampolsky

Download or read book Time-resolved Measurement of Vibrational Coherences in the Single Molecule Limit written by Steven Yampolsky and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Time-resolved, surface-enhanced, coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (tr-SECARS) is ideally suited for preparing and interrogating vibrational coherences on single molecules. We have succeeded in the rst demonstration of this concept through measurements carried out on molecules attached to gold nanosphere pairs which act as plasmonic nano-dumbell antennae. The tr-SECARS traces provide unique signatures of coherent evolution in discrete ensembles. The signals are characterized by phase and amplitude noise, which can be cast in terms of amplitude probability distribution functions (PDF), which allow rigorous distinction between single, few, and many molecule coherences. We give a brief background on tr-CARS, the experimental system for carrying out tr-SECARS and the analysis of the results in terms of PDFs. The analysis makes it clear that we have, for the rst time, observed the coherent vibrational motion of a single molecule.

Coherent Vibrational Dynamics

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420017519
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Coherent Vibrational Dynamics by : Guglielmo Lanzani

Download or read book Coherent Vibrational Dynamics written by Guglielmo Lanzani and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-11-29 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remarkable developments in the spectroscopy field regarding ultrashort pulse generation have led to the possibility of producing light pulses ranging from 50 to5 fs and frequency tunable from the near infrared to the ultraviolet range. Such pulses enable us to follow the coupling of vibrational motion to the electronic transitions in molecules and

Tomographic State Reconstruction and Time Resolved Surface Enhanced Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering in the Single Molecule Limit

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781321448719
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (487 download)

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Book Synopsis Tomographic State Reconstruction and Time Resolved Surface Enhanced Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering in the Single Molecule Limit by : Steven Yampolsky

Download or read book Tomographic State Reconstruction and Time Resolved Surface Enhanced Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering in the Single Molecule Limit written by Steven Yampolsky and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Time-resolved, surface-enhanced, coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (tr-SECARS) is ideally suited for preparing and probing vibrational coherences in molecules. By enhancing the local response of a single molecule with a dipolar nano-antenna, vibrational dynamics have been measured at the single molecule limit. In contrast with tr-CARS measurements in ensembles, the vibrational coherence of a single molecule is not subject to pure dephasing. It exhibits characteristic phase and amplitude noise, which allows the statistical distinction between single, few, and many molecule sources to be determined. To build on the current work, by using three unique pulses to spectrally fiter the response of the molecule, the characteristic noise can be isolated and measured background-free. If the probing of a superposition state is carried out over a real resonance, then it is possible to tomographically reconstruct the complete description of quantum dynamics in phase space representation via the Wigner Distribution Function(WDF). The WDF can be reconstructed from either the wavepacket via Wigner Transform, or an experimentally measured density, via an Inverse Radon Transform. The calculations presented here highlight the necessary conditions in order to reconstruct the WDF with delity from a proposed experiment and compare the density derived WDF with that of the wavepacket. The principle is firstly demonstrated using a Kerr gated detection of emission from an evolving state on a bound harmonic potential energy surface. The model is then explained in the case of a proposed spectrally resolved transient grating experiment (SRTG). The WDFs generated from the limiting conditions show that the reproduction delity of the experimentally derived WDF are dependent on the probe, utilized to measure the evolving superposition, and the curvature, or the vibra tional frequency of the potential energy surfaces, and the dephasing time of the vibrational superposition states. Given two potentials, I show that it is possible to optimize probe pulse parameters to improve the delity of the state reconstruction. Due to the variational principle, the negative volume of the WDF, or the Wigner hole, can only be reduced via measurements - the pulse parameters can be optimized iteratively even when the molecular potentials are not known.

Time-Resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642475418
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (424 download)

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Book Synopsis Time-Resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy by : Alfred Laubereau

Download or read book Time-Resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy written by Alfred Laubereau and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than two decades time-resolved vibrational spectroscopy (TRVS) was only part of general conferences on solid-state physics, molecular spec troscopy, photochemistry and photobiology. It was in 1982 when the first meeting on TRVS was organized at Lake Placid. The conference met a strong need among the workers in the field, and it was decided to continue with spe cial conferences on this topic. The 2nd International Conference on Time-Resolved Vibrational Spec troscopy was held June 3-i, 1985 at Bayreuth-Bischofsgrun, Germany. Sci entists from many disciplines came together to discuss their common interest in time-resolved techniques and spectroscopic applications. The high qual ity of the research presented, the enthusiasm of the participants, and the attractive surroundings combined to an enjoyable atmosphere. Ample time for discussions and the limited number of participants (approximately 100) stimulated the formal and informal exchange of ideas. "\'umerous people helped to make the conference run smoothly. Special thanks are due to Mrs. Lenich for making the technical arrangements, and to the program committee for the selection of the scientific presentations. The meeting has benefited from several financial souces. The generous sup port by the Emil-Warburg-Stiftung was particularly helpful. Financial aid of the "Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft" and of the "Bayerisches Staatsmini sterium fur U nterricht und K ultus" is also gratefully acknowledged.

Tracking Coherences in a Dissipative Ocean

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Publisher : Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN 13 : 386727648X
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (672 download)

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Book Synopsis Tracking Coherences in a Dissipative Ocean by : Heide Nadda Ibrahim

Download or read book Tracking Coherences in a Dissipative Ocean written by Heide Nadda Ibrahim and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2008 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Femtochemistry: Ultrafast Dynamics Of The Chemical Bond (In 2 Volumes) - Volume 2

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Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 981450212X
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (145 download)

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Book Synopsis Femtochemistry: Ultrafast Dynamics Of The Chemical Bond (In 2 Volumes) - Volume 2 by : Ahmed H Zewail

Download or read book Femtochemistry: Ultrafast Dynamics Of The Chemical Bond (In 2 Volumes) - Volume 2 written by Ahmed H Zewail and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1994-09-12 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These two volumes on Femtochemistry present a timely contribution to a field central to the understanding of the dynamics of the chemical bond. This century has witnessed great strides in time and space resolutions, down to the atomic scale, providing chemists, biologists and physicists with unprecedented opportunities for seeing microscopic structures and dynamics. Femtochemistry is concerned with the time resolution of the most elementary motions of atoms during chemical change - bond breaking and bond making - on the femtosecond (10-15 second) time scale. This atomic scale of time resolution has now reached the ultimate for the chemical bond and as Lord George Porter puts it, chemists are near the end of the race against time. These two volumes cover the general concepts, techniques and applications of femtochemistry.Professor Ahmed Zewail, who has made the pioneering contributions in this field, has from over 250 publications selected the articles for this anthology. These volumes begin with a commentary and a historical chronology of the milestones. He then presents a broad perspective of the current state of knowledge in femtochemistry by researchers around the world and discusses possible new directions. In the words of a colleague, ';it is a must on the reading-list for all of my students ...; all readers will find this to be an informative and valuable overview.';The introductory articles in Volume I provide reviews for both the non-experts as well as for experts in the field. This is followed by papers on the basic concepts. For applications, elementary reactions are studied first and then complex reactions. Volume I is complete with studies of solvation dynamics, non-reactive systems, ultrafast electron diffraction and the control of chemical reactions.Volume II continues with reaction rates, the concept of elementary intramolecular vibrational-energy redistribution (IVR) and the phenomena of rotational coherence which has become a powerful tool for the determination of molecular structure via time resolution. The second volume ends with an extensive list of references, according to topics, based on work by Professor Zewail and his group at Caltech.These collected works by Professor Zewail will certainly be indispensable to both experts and beginners in the field. The author is known for his clarity and for his creative and systematic contributions. These volumes will be of interest and should prove useful to chemists, biologists and physicists. As noted by Professor J Manz (Berlin) and Professor A W Castleman, Jr. (Penn State): femtochemistry is yielding exciting new discoveries from analysis to control of chemical reactions, with applications in many domains of chemistry and related fields, e.g., physical, organic and inorganic chemistry, surface science, molecular biology, ...; etc.

Femtochemistry

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Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 981428761X
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (142 download)

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Book Synopsis Femtochemistry by : Ahmed H. Zewail

Download or read book Femtochemistry written by Ahmed H. Zewail and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1994 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume II continues with reaction rates, the concept of elementary intramolecular vibrational-energy redistribution (IVR) and the phenomena of rotational coherence which has become a powerful tool for the determination of molecular structure via time resolution. The second volume ends with an extensive list of references, according to topics, based on work by Professor Zewail and his group at Caltech. These collected works by Professor Zewail will certainly be indispensable to both experts and beginners in the field. The author is known for his clarity and for his creative and systematic contributions. These volumes will be of interest and should prove useful to chemists, biologists and physicists. As noted by Professor J. Manz (Berlin) and Professor A.W. Castleman, Jr.

Time-Resolved Spectroscopy

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429804172
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (298 download)

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Book Synopsis Time-Resolved Spectroscopy by : Thomas Weinacht

Download or read book Time-Resolved Spectroscopy written by Thomas Weinacht and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-12-21 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concise and carefully developed text offers a reader friendly guide to the basics of time-resolved spectroscopy with an emphasis on experimental implementation. The authors carefully explain and relate for the reader how measurements are connected to the core physical principles. They use the time-dependent wave packet as a building block for understanding quantum dynamics, progressively advancing to more complex topics. The topics are discussed in paired sections, one discussing the theory and the next presenting the related experimental methods. A wide range of readers including students and newcomers to the field will gain a clear and practical understanding of how to measure aspects of molecular dynamics such as wave packet motion, intramolecular vibrational relaxation, and electron-electron coupling, and how to describe such measurements mathematically.

Nonlinear Optical Properties of Organic Molecules and Crystals V2

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323157769
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)

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Book Synopsis Nonlinear Optical Properties of Organic Molecules and Crystals V2 by : D.S. Chemla

Download or read book Nonlinear Optical Properties of Organic Molecules and Crystals V2 written by D.S. Chemla and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonlinear Optical Properties of Organic Molecules and Crystals, Volume 2 deals with the nonlinear optical properties of organic molecules and crystals, with emphasis on cubic nonlinear optical effects and and the intermolecular bond. Topics covered include the basic structural and electronic properties of polydiacetylenes; cubic effects in polydiacetylene solutions and films; and degenerate third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of polydiacetylenes. Dimensionality effects and scaling laws in nonlinear optical susceptibilities are also considered. This volume is comprised of seven chapters divided into two sections and begins with a discussion on the basic structural and electronic properties of polydiacetylenes as well as their methods of preparation. Cubic nonlinearities in polydiacetylene solutions and films are then examined, paying particular attention to polarization in one-dimensional media; multiple reflections of fundamental and harmonic waves; and harmonic generation in an absorbing medium. The following chapters focus on degenerate third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of polydiacetylenes; dimensionality effects and scaling laws in nonlinear optical susceptibilities; polarizabilities and hyperpolarizabilities of long molecules; and resonant molecular optics. The final chapter analyzes the nonlinear optics of a wide range of compounds that are held together by intermolecular bonding and form supramolecular assemblies. This monograph will be a useful resource for physicists, physical and organic chemists, and those in the field of quantum electronics.

Molecular and Laser Spectroscopy

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323914705
Total Pages : 692 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Molecular and Laser Spectroscopy by : V.P. Gupta

Download or read book Molecular and Laser Spectroscopy written by V.P. Gupta and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-08-21 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular and Laser Spectroscopy, Advances and Applications: Volume 3 gives students and researchers an up-to-date understanding of the fast-developing area of molecular and laser spectroscopy. This book covers basic principles and advances in several conventional as well as new and upcoming areas of molecular and laser spectroscopy. This third volume is an extension of the two previous volumes of the same title and includes all-new topics. Each chapter is devoted to a particular fast-growing area of research and fills the gap between elementary texts and advanced material found in research articles. Some of the topics covered include: terahertz spectroscopy and its applications in health care· linear and non-linear vibrational optical activity spectroscopy; cascade laser IR-spectroscopy and frequency comb techniques; step-scan infrared spectroscopy (absorption and emission) for detecting reaction intermediates· surface-enhanced (SERS) and tip-enhanced (TERS) Raman scattering; infrared and Raman micro-spectroscopy; time-resolved linear and non-linear infrared spectroscopy using pico-second and femtosecond lasers. The spectroscopic techniques have been applied to medical sciences, forensics, security, material science, agriculture, food, chemical, pharmaceutical and petrochemical industries and used to study molecular vibrational dynamics, and hydrogen bonding in ground and excited states. This book serves as a valuable resource for students, teachers, and beginning researchers engaged in the area of molecular and laser spectroscopy. On account of the wide range of applications, researchers and scientific personnel in many industries will find this book useful for learning about the latest techniques and putting them to practical use. Written by eminent research scientists having an intricate knowledge of the latest activities in the field Includes exhaustive lists of research articles, reviews, and books at the end of each chapter to aid in further pursuit of research activity Uses illustrative examples of the varied applications to provide a practical guide to those interested in using molecular and laser spectroscopy tools in their research Each chapter is written in simple, clear language and develops its topic systematically, from basics to the latest developments and future projections

Femtochemistry: Ultrafast Dynamics Of The Chemical Bond (In 2 Volumes) - Volume 1

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Author :
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814502111
Total Pages : 605 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (145 download)

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Book Synopsis Femtochemistry: Ultrafast Dynamics Of The Chemical Bond (In 2 Volumes) - Volume 1 by : Ahmed H Zewail

Download or read book Femtochemistry: Ultrafast Dynamics Of The Chemical Bond (In 2 Volumes) - Volume 1 written by Ahmed H Zewail and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1994-09-12 with total page 605 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These two volumes on Femtochemistry present a timely contribution to a field central to the understanding of the dynamics of the chemical bond. This century has witnessed great strides in time and space resolutions, down to the atomic scale, providing chemists, biologists and physicists with unprecedented opportunities for seeing microscopic structures and dynamics. Femtochemistry is concerned with the time resolution of the most elementary motions of atoms during chemical change - bond breaking and bond making - on the femtosecond (10-15 second) time scale. This atomic scale of time resolution has now reached the ultimate for the chemical bond and as Lord George Porter puts it, chemists are near the end of the race against time. These two volumes cover the general concepts, techniques and applications of femtochemistry.Professor Ahmed Zewail, who has made the pioneering contributions in this field, has from over 250 publications selected the articles for this anthology. These volumes begin with a commentary and a historical chronology of the milestones. He then presents a broad perspective of the current state of knowledge in femtochemistry by researchers around the world and discusses possible new directions. In the words of a colleague, ';it is a must on the reading-list for all of my students ...; all readers will find this to be an informative and valuable overview.';The introductory articles in Volume I provide reviews for both the non-experts as well as for experts in the field. This is followed by papers on the basic concepts. For applications, elementary reactions are studied first and then complex reactions. Volume I is complete with studies of solvation dynamics, non-reactive systems, ultrafast electron diffraction and the control of chemical reactions.Volume II continues with reaction rates, the concept of elementary intramolecular vibrational-energy redistribution (IVR) and the phenomena of rotational coherence which has become a powerful tool for the determination of molecular structure via time resolution. The second volume ends with an extensive list of references, according to topics, based on work by Professor Zewail and his group at Caltech.These collected works by Professor Zewail will certainly be indispensable to both experts and beginners in the field. The author is known for his clarity and for his creative and systematic contributions. These volumes will be of interest and should prove useful to chemists, biologists and physicists. As noted by Professor J Manz (Berlin) and Professor A W Castleman, Jr. (Penn State): femtochemistry is yielding exciting new discoveries from analysis to control of chemical reactions, with applications in many domains of chemistry and related fields, e.g., physical, organic and inorganic chemistry, surface science, molecular biology, ...; etc.

Frontiers of Molecular Spectroscopy

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Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080932371
Total Pages : 741 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Frontiers of Molecular Spectroscopy by : Jaan Laane

Download or read book Frontiers of Molecular Spectroscopy written by Jaan Laane and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-08-11 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of what we know about atoms, molecules, and the nature of matter has been obtained using spectroscopy over the last one hundred years or so. In this book we have collected together twenty chapters by eminent scientists from around the world to describe their work at the cutting edge of molecular spectroscopy. These chapters describe new methodology and applications, instrumental developments, and theory which is taking spectroscopy into new frontiers. The range of topics is broad. Lasers are utilized in much of the research, but their applications range from sub-femtosecond spectroscopy to the study of viruses and also to the investigation of art and archeological artifacts. Three chapters discuss work on biological systems and three others represent laser physics. The recent advances in cavity ringdown spectroscopy (CRDS), surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS), and microwave techniques are all covered. Chapters on electronic excited states, molecular dynamics, symmetry applications, and neutron scattering are also included and demonstrate the wide utility of spectroscopic techniques. Provides comprehensive coverage of present spectroscopic investigations Features 20 chapters written by leading researchers in the field Covers the important role of molecular spectroscopy in research concerned with chemistry, physics, and biology

High Precision X-Ray Measurements

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Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3039213172
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (392 download)

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Book Synopsis High Precision X-Ray Measurements by : Alessandro Scordo

Download or read book High Precision X-Ray Measurements written by Alessandro Scordo and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-08-26 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since their discovery in 1895, the detection of X-rays has had a strong impact on and various applications in several fields of science and human life. Impressive efforts have been made to develop new types of detectors and new techniques, aiming to obtain higher precision both in terms of energy and position. Depending on the applications, solid state detectors, microcalorimeters, and various types of spectrometers currently serve as the best options for spectroscopic and imaging detectors. Recent advancements in micron and meV precision have opened the door for groundbreaking applications in fundamental physics, medical science, astrophysics, cultural heritage, and several other fields. The aim of this Special Issue is to compile an overview, from different communities and research fields, of the most recent developments in X-ray detection and their possible impacts in various sectors, such as in exotic atom measurements, quantum physics studies, XRF, XES, EXAFS, plasma emission spectroscopy, monochromators, synchrotron radiation, telescopes, and space engineering. All the papers included in this Special Issue contribute to emphasizing the importance of X-ray detection in a very broad range of physics topics; most of these topics are covered by the published works, and several others are mentioned in the paper references, providing an interesting and very useful synopsis, from a variety of different communities and research fields, of the most recent developments in X-ray detection and their impact in fundamental research and societal applications.

Molecular Spectroscopy

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466586591
Total Pages : 477 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Molecular Spectroscopy by : Jeanne L. McHale

Download or read book Molecular Spectroscopy written by Jeanne L. McHale and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-06 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook offers an introduction to the foundations of spectroscopic methods and provides a bridge between basic concepts and experimental applications in fields as diverse as materials science, biology, solar energy conversion, and environmental science. The author emphasizes the use of time-dependent theory to link the spectral response in the frequency domain to the behavior of molecules in the time domain, strengthened by two brand new chapters on nonlinear optical spectroscopy and time-resolved spectroscopy. Theoretical underpinnings are presented to the extent necessary for readers to understand how to apply spectroscopic tools to their own interests.

Jet Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401113149
Total Pages : 447 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Jet Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics by : J.M. Hollas

Download or read book Jet Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics written by J.M. Hollas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have seen an explosion in the volume of work carried out using supersonic jets of molecules following the discovery that the technique could provide information on structure and dynamics of a very high quality otherwise impossible to obtain. Written and edited by a first class team of authors, acknowledged world leaders in their subjects, this book describes applications in detail along with analysis of data recorded and background theory. Physical chemists and chemical physicists will find this unique book an essential concentrated source of information and reference.

Time-resolved Chemistry

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Author :
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Time-resolved Chemistry by : John R. Helliwell

Download or read book Time-resolved Chemistry written by John R. Helliwell and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2002 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From structure to function. This volume covers different aspects of time-resolved studies and includes discussion of the current knowledge and views in the field.

Detection and Interaction of Single Quantum States

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819913616
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Detection and Interaction of Single Quantum States by : Sishen Xie

Download or read book Detection and Interaction of Single Quantum States written by Sishen Xie and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-25 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the findings and achievements in the major research plan “Detection and Interaction of Single Quantum States” funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC). The 8-year plan started in 2011 and consisted of 107 projects conducted by Chinese universities and research institutes. The book covers the plan's research background, achievements, and follow-up prospects. The plan aimed to tackle one of the major challenges for researchers worldwide—to establish precise detection and control of single quantum states in time, space, energy, and momentum. The plan integrated precise detection means with the ultrahigh resolution of time, space, and energy, under extreme conditions such as ultrahigh vacuum, ultralow temperature, high magnetic field, and ultrahigh pressure, using interdisciplinary research methods in physics, chemistry, informatics, and materials science. The book focuses on the exploration of new phenomena, theories, and concepts of single quantum states, describes new techniques and methods of single quantum states, and presents the purification and construction of single-quantum-state systems. It is a concise and valuable source of information for researchers in quantum science and graduate students interested in the research field.