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Author : Lennart Kullberg
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)
Download or read book Thermodynamics of metal complex formation in aqueous solution written by Lennart Kullberg and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Arthur E. Martell
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1489914862
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)
Download or read book Metal Complexes in Aqueous Solutions written by Arthur E. Martell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stability constants are fundamental to understanding the behavior of metal ions in aqueous solution. Such understanding is important in a wide variety of areas, such as metal ions in biology, biomedical applications, metal ions in the environment, extraction metallurgy, food chemistry, and metal ions in many industrial processes. In spite of this importance, it appears that many inorganic chemists have lost an appreciation for the importance of stability constants, and the thermodynamic aspects of complex formation, with attention focused over the last thirty years on newer areas, such as organometallic chemistry. This book is an attempt to show the richness of chemistry that can be revealed by stability constants, when measured as part of an overall strategy aimed at understanding the complexing properties of a particular ligand or metal ion. Thus, for example, there are numerous crystal structures of the Li+ ion with crown ethers. What do these indicate to us about the chemistry of Li+ with crown ethers? In fact, most of these crystal structures are in a sense misleading, in that the Li+ ion forms no complexes, or at best very weak complexes, with familiar crown ethers such as l2-crown-4, in any known solvent. Thus, without the stability constants, our understanding of the chemistry of a metal ion with any particular ligand must be regarded as incomplete. In this book we attempt to show how stability constants can reveal factors in ligand design which could not readily be deduced from any other physical technique.
Author : Marriner Lee Morrell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (134 download)
Download or read book A Thermodynamic Study of Complex Formation in Aqueous Solution written by Marriner Lee Morrell and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermodynamic equilibrium constants were obtained potentiometrically using a Beckman pH meter for metal-serine and metal-thioglycolloc acid complexes to study the thermodynamic properties of the complexes and the effect of d[pi] - d[pi] bonding on the equilibrium constants. The following calculations were made: 1. The stepwise dissociation of protons from serine at 10, 20, 30, and 40°C and the stepwise dissociation of protons from thioglycollic acid at 20, 30, and 40°C. 2. The thermodynamic formation constants for Zn(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), and Ag(I) with serine at 10, 20, 30, and 40°C and at two ionic strengths. 3. The thermodynamic formation constants for Zn(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), and In(III) with thioglycollic acid at 20 and 30°C and at two ionic strengths. 4. The entropy, enthalpy, and free energy change for each of the metal-serine complexes. The order of increaseing stability of log K_1 for the metal-serine systems was as follows: Hg(II) > > Zn(II) > Cd(II) > Ag(I), and for log K_2 the order: Hg(II) > > Zn(II) > Cd(II) ≈ Ag(I). The stability of the Hg(II)-serine was high becasue of the high electronegativity of Hg(II) and an abundance of 4f and 5d electrons that can be polarized by the ligand donor atoms. Values for log K_1 of Zn(II), Cd(II), and Ag(I) with serine decreased in the order of decreasing electronegativity of the metal ions. All log K_2 values were smaller than log K_1 values and followed the same order of stability as log K_1 with the exception of the Ag(I)-serine complex. Linear bonding is more stable for Ag(I) than any other spatial configuration. The second formation constant is thus higher than the first because the second ligand completes this stable linear complex. In(III) precipitated as a hydroxide, making it impossible to measure a formation constant for In(II) with serine. The order of increasing stability of log K_1 for the metal-thiogly-colloc acid system was as follows: Hg(II) In(III) Cd(II) Zn(II) and for log K_2 the order: Hg(II) Zn(II) In(III) Cd(II). Log K_1 values for Hg(II) In(III), and Cd(II) were above 10 indicating that these metal ions form an extremely stable bond with sulfur. This enhanced stability is due to the formation of a second bond or a d - d bond between the metal ion and the sulfur atom. The d bonding with Zn(II) is not as great as with the other metal ions. The order is somewhat reversed for log K_2 and follows the order of decreasing electronegativities of the metal ion. This would indicate that the d bonding is not as pronounced in the second formation constant. Hg(II) again has a high log K_2 value because of the electronegativity of Hg(II) and the 4f and 5d polarizable electrons. The Ag(I)-thioglyeollic acid complex could not be calculated because Ag(I) precipitated with thioglycollic acid.
Author : Welby G. Courtney
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 54 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Thermodynamic and Kinetic Properties of Metal Ions in Aqueous Solution written by Welby G. Courtney and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Correlation and Rationalization of the Thermodynamics of Complex Formation of Some D10 Transition-metal Ions in Aqueous Solution written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To answer certain questions, and to see whether simple linear enthalpy relationships (LER's) and linear entropy relationships (LSR's) would result, or whether the LFER's were the result of complex compensatory effects with no simple LER's or LSR's, the authors undertook a combined potentiometric and calorimetric study aimed at supplementing the available literature data to the point where they could discern the form of the Hg(II)/Ag(I) LER's and LSR's. A preliminary study of the Cd(II)/Ag(I) case was also made for comparison purposes.
Author : Marriner Lee Morrell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 95 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (365 download)
Download or read book A Thermodynamic Study of Complex Formation in Aqueous Solution written by Marriner Lee Morrell and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Siriwan Srisorrachatr
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (88 download)
Download or read book Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Complex Formation Reaction of Hydrazones with Some Metal Ions in Aqueous Solution written by Siriwan Srisorrachatr and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jay Walter Wrathall
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (367 download)
Download or read book A Thermodynamic Study of Complex Formations in Aqueous Solution: I. The Copper (II) - Alanine and Copper (II) - Phenylalanine Systems. II. The Iron (III) - Acetylacetone System written by Jay Walter Wrathall and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Kia-Ling Chang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (612 download)
Download or read book Thermodynamics of Metal Complex Formation in Solution written by Kia-Ling Chang and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jagvir Singh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (139 download)
Download or read book Stability Constants of Metal Complexes in Solution written by Jagvir Singh and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the formation of metal complexes in an aqueous medium, equilibrium constant or stability constant is used to determine the strength of interaction between reagents that make the final product after the formation of bonds. In general stability means that a complex may be stored for a long time under suitable conditions or this compound may be existing under suitable conditions. Regarding how much is the concentration of complexes in solution, stability constant provides this information via calculations. These calculations are very much important in many areas of science like chemistry, biology, and medicine. During the complex formation in aqueous medium, two types of stabilities are considered: one is the thermodynamic stability, and the other is kinetic stability. Stability of metal complexes may be affected by various factors like nature of central metal ion and ligand, chelating effect, etc., and some parameters like distribution coefficients, conductance, refractive index, etc. are useful for the determination of stability constants. Various modern techniques are used to determine the stability constant of simple as well as mixed ligand compounds.
Author : Mandeep Dalal
Publisher : Dalal Institute
ISBN 13 : 8193872002
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (938 download)
Download or read book A Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry – Volume 1 written by Mandeep Dalal and published by Dalal Institute. This book was released on 2017-01-01 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An advanced-level textbook of inorganic chemistry for the graduate (B.Sc) and postgraduate (M.Sc) students of Indian and foreign universities. This book is a part of four volume series, entitled "A Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry – Volume I, II, III, IV". CONTENTS: Chapter 1. Stereochemistry and Bonding in Main Group Compounds: VSEPR theory, dπ -pπ bonds, Bent rule and energetic of hybridization. Chapter 2. Metal-Ligand Equilibria in Solution: Stepwise and overall formation constants and their interactions, Trends in stepwise constants, Factors affecting stability of metal complexes with reference to the nature of metal ion and ligand, Chelate effect and its thermodynamic origin, Determination of binary formation constants by pH-metry and spectrophotometry. Chapter 3. Reaction Mechanism of Transition Metal Complexes – I: Inert and labile complexes, Mechanisms for ligand replacement reactions, Formation of complexes from aquo ions, Ligand displacement reactions in octahedral complexes- acid hydrolysis, Base hydrolysis, Racemization of tris chelate complexes, Electrophilic attack on ligands. Chapter 4. Reaction Mechanism of Transition Metal Complexes – II: Mechanism of ligand displacement reactions in square planar complexes, The trans effect, Theories of trans effect, Mechanism of electron transfer reactions – types; Outer sphere electron transfer mechanism and inner sphere electron transfer mechanism, Electron exchange. Chapter 5. Isopoly and Heteropoly Acids and Salts: Isopoly and Heteropoly acids and salts of Mo and W: structures of isopoly and heteropoly anions. Chapter 6. Crystal Structures: Structures of some binary and ternary compounds such as fluorite, antifluorite, rutile, antirutile, crystobalite, layer lattices- CdI2, BiI3; ReO3, Mn2O3, corundum, pervoskite, Ilmenite and Calcite. Chapter 7. Metal-Ligand Bonding: Limitation of crystal field theory, Molecular orbital theory, octahedral, tetrahedral or square planar complexes, π-bonding and molecular orbital theory. Chapter 8. Electronic Spectra of Transition Metal Complexes: Spectroscopic ground states, Correlation and spin-orbit coupling in free ions for Ist series of transition metals, Orgel and Tanabe-Sugano diagrams for transition metal complexes (d1 – d9 states), Calculation of Dq, B and β parameters, Effect of distortion on the d-orbital energy levels, Structural evidence from electronic spectrum, John-Tellar effect, Spectrochemical and nephalauxetic series, Charge transfer spectra, Electronic spectra of molecular addition compounds. Chapter 9. Magantic Properties of Transition Metal Complexes: Elementary theory of magneto - chemistry, Guoy’s method for determination of magnetic susceptibility, Calculation of magnetic moments, Magnetic properties of free ions, Orbital contribution, effect of ligand-field, Application of magneto-chemistry in structure determination, Magnetic exchange coupling and spin state cross over. Chapter 10. Metal Clusters: Structure and bonding in higher boranes, Wade’s rules, Carboranes, Metal Carbonyl Clusters - Low Nuclearity Carbonyl Clusters, Total Electron Count (TEC). Chapter 11. Metal-π Complexes: Metal carbonyls, structure and bonding, Vibrational spectra of metal carbonyls for bonding and structure elucidation, Important reactions of metal carbonyls; Preparation, bonding, structure and important reactions of transition metal nitrosyl, dinitrogen and dioxygen complexes; Tertiary phosphine as ligand.
Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080457541
Total Pages : 648 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)
Download or read book Chemical Thermodynamics of Nickel written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-04-08 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to quantitatively predict the chemical reactions that hazardous materials may undergo in the environment, it is necessary to know the relative stabilities of the compounds and complexes that may be found under certain conditions. This type of calculations may be done using consistent chemical thermodynamic data, such as those contained in this book for inorganic compounds and complexes of nickel. * Fully detailed authoritative critical review of literature.* Integrated into a comprehensive and consistent database for waste management applications.* CD ROM version.
Author : Anthony Peter Brunetti
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (983 download)
Download or read book A Calorimetric Study of the Thermodynamics of Complex Ion Formation in Aqueous Solution written by Anthony Peter Brunetti and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Debabrata Banerjea
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1839163615
Total Pages : 498 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (391 download)
Download or read book Mechanisms of Reactions of Metal Complexes written by Debabrata Banerjea and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2022-09-21 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reaction Mechanisms of Metal Complexes in Solution provides a comprehensive overview of an often-overlooked research area. Despite its importance and recent reshaping of the field, many inorganic chemists have lost an appreciation for the significance of stability constants and the thermodynamic aspects of complex formation. Ideal for newcomers and established researchers in the field this book is a complete treatment of the area covering advanced topics with relevance to biomedical applications, extraction metallurgy, food chemistry and a wealth of other industrial processes and research areas. The book will be of particular interest to postgraduates with an interest in coordination chemistry, catalysis, supramolecular chemistry, metallobiology and related aspects of biochemistry.
Author : F. Marsicano
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (429 download)
Download or read book The Thermodynamics of the Formation of Complexes of Silver with Some Substituted Pyridines written by F. Marsicano and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Joseph F. Zemaitis, Jr.
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470938404
Total Pages : 876 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (79 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Aqueous Electrolyte Thermodynamics written by Joseph F. Zemaitis, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-09-16 with total page 876 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expertise in electrolyte systems has become increasingly important in traditional CPI operations, as well as in oil/gas exploration and production. This book is the source for predicting electrolyte systems behavior, an indispensable "do-it-yourself" guide, with a blueprint for formulating predictive mathematical electrolyte models, recommended tabular values to use in these models, and annotated bibliographies. The final chapter is a general recipe for formulating complete predictive models for electrolytes, along with a series of worked illustrative examples. It can serve as a useful research and application tool for the practicing process engineer, and as a textbook for the chemical engineering student.
Download or read book The Linear Free-energy Relation in the Thermodynamics of Complex Formation. Part 1. Correlations Involving Enthalpy Changes on Complex Formation of Silver(I) and Mercury(II) with 'soft' Donor Ligands written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The free energies of complex formation of various metal ions with ligands having 'soft' donor atoms P, As, S, Se, and I-, Br-, Cl-, and CN- form linear free-energy relations (lfers) involving all these ligands. A potentiometric and calorimetric study has been made in which one lfer, for the pair of cations Ag+ and Hg(2+), has been analyzed in terms of the separate enthalpy and entropy contributions. A linear enthalpy relation (ler) has been found which lies parallel to the lfer, but, unlike the lfer, does not pass through the origin. The intercept of the ler is rationalized in terms of the Powell, Latimer, and Cobble model for the partial molar entropies of complexes in aqueous solution.
