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Thermal Influences On Summer Habitat Use By Western Rattlesnakes Crotalus Oreganus In British Columbia
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Book Synopsis Thermal Influences on Summer Habitat Use by Western Rattlesnakes (Crotalus Oreganus) in British Columbia by : Jessica Ann Harvey
Download or read book Thermal Influences on Summer Habitat Use by Western Rattlesnakes (Crotalus Oreganus) in British Columbia written by Jessica Ann Harvey and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of thermal features to habitat selection by terrestrial ectotherms such as reptiles has been well documented, but rarely has it been considered in larger-scale analyses of habitat use and selection, such as those routinely conducted using more-standard habitat features such as vegetation types and physical structure. Selection of habitat based on thermal attributes may be of particular importance for ectothermic species, especially in colder climates. In British Columbia, Canada, Western Rattlesnakes ( Crotalus oreganus) reach their northern limits. While commonly associated with low-elevation grasslands and open Ponderosa pine habitats, recent work indicates that some populations of these animals may use higher-elevation Douglas-fir forests. The reasons and implications for this strik ing contrast of habitat use patterns by these animals was the subject of this thesis. I investigated the reason(s) for this phenomenon by monitoring the migratory movements of 35 snakes away from 10 di fferent den sites, and comparing it to thermal landscape GIS maps generated for different periods of the active season. My work confirmed that dichotomous habitat use by denning populations of these snakes occurs throughout much of their range, and rattlesnakes in this region can no longer be strictly associated with grassland habitat. I found that snakes utilizing the higher-elevation forests not only moved relatively further during the course of their annual migrations, but were also more likely to use warmer areas of the landscape during their annual migration. In addition to thermal benefits, prey availability and/or outbreeding may be at least partially responsible for these patterns, but at this time there is limited data to test these alternative hypotheses. Regardless, snakes utilizing the higher-elevation forests had better body condition, indicating a definite advantage to this strategy . On a smaller scale, thermoregulatory behaviours appear to be less constrained by thermal factors in forest habitats, potentially allowing forest snakes increased time for hunting and travelling. Insight into these and other behavioural differences between neighbouring rattlesnake populations will allow managers to tailor management strategies to specific dens. Finally, the local and landscape scale patterns I detected have obvious repercussions for snakes in the event climate change produces shifting ecosystem boundaries and thermal regimes.
Book Synopsis Habitat Use and Movement Patterns of the Northern Pacific Rattlesnake (Crotalus O. Oreganus) in British Columbia by :
Download or read book Habitat Use and Movement Patterns of the Northern Pacific Rattlesnake (Crotalus O. Oreganus) in British Columbia written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The selective use of habitat is a fundamental aspect of ecology, and differential patterns of habitat use reflect the underlying cues that guide selection. I assessed the habitat use and movement patterns of Northern Pacific Rattlesnakes (Crotalus o. oreganus) during the summers of 2005 and 2006 near Kamloops British Columbia, Canada. Contrary to my expectations, rattlesnakes used upper - elevation forested habitat when available and traveled farther from the den than previously reported for this species. Though the distance and orientation of travel differed among individuals, there was an apparent trend for snakes from one site to travel farther from the den than snakes from a second site. Snakes often were associated with structurally stable cover objects and small mammal sign in microhabitats with less canopy cover than otherwise available. Results from this study have implications for management and conservation of the Northern Pacific Rattlesnake.
Book Synopsis Habitat Use and Movement Patterns of the Northern Pacific Rattlesnake (Crotalus O. Oreganus) in British Columbia by : Liumila Michelle Gomez
Download or read book Habitat Use and Movement Patterns of the Northern Pacific Rattlesnake (Crotalus O. Oreganus) in British Columbia written by Liumila Michelle Gomez and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Impacts of Fencing and Development of Western Rattlesnake (crotalus Oreganus) Spring Movements in British Columbia by : Jared Ryan Maida
Download or read book Impacts of Fencing and Development of Western Rattlesnake (crotalus Oreganus) Spring Movements in British Columbia written by Jared Ryan Maida and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to increasing anthropogenic pressures, the process of natural animal migration is undergoing alterations across many different taxa. To investigate these impacts is difficult on large-scale migrations, yet small-scale migrants will provide useful and tractable systems to understand the effects of disturbance and landscape barriers on natural movement patterns and migrations. The Western Rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus) in British Columbia is a small, migratory predator that undertakes annual spring movements from communal hibernaculum to summer hunting grounds. In this thesis, I examined changes to these migration movements in male rattlesnakes that encountered both snake exclusion fencing barriers and disturbed habitats from 2011-2016. My thesis field work included 2015 and 2016, and data from 20112014 was drawn from a long-term project database. Individuals moving through disturbed habitats or intercepted by snake exclusion fencing demonstrated shorter migration distances and reduce spring path sinuosity (more crooked routes) compared to individuals migrating in undisturbed habitats. Specifically, individuals encountering a snake fence during spring movements had shorter total spring migration path lengths and smaller home ranges. Regardless, migration distance was strongly associated with the distance individuals travelled until they first encountered human disturbance. Despite this difference, duration of the migration did not differ between rattlesnakes that encountered a snake exclusion fence, experienced other forms of disturbance, or migrated through undisturbed habitats. Overall, my work reveals the importance of looking closely at seasonal movement patterns, including migration, of smaller-scale migrants in response to abrupt and long-term landscape changes and barriers. Small-scale migrants can be used as an important indicator of landscape and community connectivity and can be used as an important reference for managing ecosystem function and health on a changing, anthropocentric landscape.
Book Synopsis Effects of Disturbance on the Northern Pacific Rattlesnake (Crotalus Oreganus Oreganus) in British Columbia by : Emily V. Lomas
Download or read book Effects of Disturbance on the Northern Pacific Rattlesnake (Crotalus Oreganus Oreganus) in British Columbia written by Emily V. Lomas and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The indirect effects of anthropogenic disturbances on wildlife are relatively difficult to detect, much less study, yet understanding these more subtle influences are particularly critical for the conservation of species-at-risk. In this study, I used radio-telemetry and mark-recapture methods to investigate the indirect effects of human disturbance and habitat development on the body characteristics, behaviour, and spatial ecology of a population of rattlesnakes (a threatened species) in Osoyoos, British Columbia. I collected data in 2010 and 2011 to augment a data set spanning 2002 to 2012. Individuals in highly disturbed landscapes had lower body condition than snakes in other areas, and lost body weight over the foraging season. Strong trends in spatial ecology parameters across disturbance gradients were not apparent, although snakes in disturbed sites tended to have smaller core areas, shorter range lengths, and took a greater number of days to travel a given distance than snakes in less-disturbed habitat. No major differences were observed in snake behaviour, exposure risk, or other spatial ecology parameters among habitats under different disturbance pressures. Wildlife managers can apply the results of this study to put recovery goals into action for the Northern Pacific Rattlesnake. The findings also contribute to our understanding of how wildlife may be impacted in discrete ways within disturbed habitat, and highlight the importance of using multiple indicators to assess stability of animal populations.
Book Synopsis Habitat Use, Thermal Biology, and Natural History of the Arizona Black Rattlesnake, Crotalus Cerberus by : Justin Schofer
Download or read book Habitat Use, Thermal Biology, and Natural History of the Arizona Black Rattlesnake, Crotalus Cerberus written by Justin Schofer and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Ecology of the Northern Pacific Rattlesnake, Crotalus Viridis Oreganus, in British Columbia by : James Malcolm Macartney
Download or read book The Ecology of the Northern Pacific Rattlesnake, Crotalus Viridis Oreganus, in British Columbia written by James Malcolm Macartney and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Impacts of Road Mortality on the Western Rattlesnake (Crotalus Oreganus) in British Columbia by : Stephanie Anne Winton
Download or read book Impacts of Road Mortality on the Western Rattlesnake (Crotalus Oreganus) in British Columbia written by Stephanie Anne Winton and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Direct mortality due to wildlife-vehicle collisions has emerged as a major and worldwide conservation threat to wildlife. This source of mortality may be particularly adverse for populations persisting at the periphery of their range, where existing natural constraints already limit population growth and vigour. As a result, conservation assessment and planning for many peripheral species-at-risk will benefit from a fundamental understanding of the impacts of road mortality, yet these can be difficult to isolate due to the interaction of a number of factors. Using population viability analysis (PVA) I evaluated the persistence of a Western Rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus) population threatened by road mortality in the dry interior of British Columbia, Canada. From 2015-2016 I quantified road mortality through methodical road surveys and coincidental assessments of scavenging rates and observer detection probability using planted snake carcasses. Additionally, I conducted intensive mark-recapture and radio-telemetry to estimate population density, size, and the range of the study population. After accounting for sources of error, my modelling showed that the estimated number of rattlesnake deaths was 2.7× the number of carcasses detected through unadjusted surveys and incidental observations. Overall, an estimated 6.6% of the population was killed on the road annually under traffic conditions that amounted to a maximum of only 350 vehicles per day. The PVA indicated that the population still was likely to persist for the next 100 years, but with a continual decline under the current, observed road mortality rate. With the loss of 6.6% of the population/year, the projected probability of extinction was 0.01 in 100 years and 0.0 in 50 years. At simulated road mortality rates of ≤6% there was zero probability of extinction for this population of rattlesnakes within the next 100 years. However, at the extinction threshold of road mortality of 6%, the stochastic growth rate was -0.032, and the mean population size was estimated to decrease by 96% in 100 years. Simulations with road mortality rates 6% consistently put the population at risk of extinction over 100 years. In comparison, the growth rate in the absence of road mortality was 0.0047 and the population was projected to increase (60% increase over 100 years). My results also suggest that in theory, improving adult female survival as well as overall longevity of rattlesnakes would significantly increase the population growth rate. My method of estimating population size for the area impacted by road deaths likely presents an overestimate, suggesting that the actual risk to this population is greater than what the models have implied. The detailed PVA using refined road mortality estimates provides strong evidence that road mortality is and will be a significant contributor to population decline, and adds to the growing body of evidence that large populations of long-lived species will face extirpation under low levels of road mortality, even in the absence of other sources of disturbance. Conservation priorities should focus on reducing road mortality and improving habitat availability away from roads.
Book Synopsis Recovery Plan for the Western Rattlesnake (Crotalus Oreganus) in British Columbia by : Orville Dyer
Download or read book Recovery Plan for the Western Rattlesnake (Crotalus Oreganus) in British Columbia written by Orville Dyer and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Donald A. Blood Publisher :Province of British Columbia, Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks ISBN 13 :9780772674654 Total Pages :1 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (746 download)
Book Synopsis Western Rattlesnake by : Donald A. Blood
Download or read book Western Rattlesnake written by Donald A. Blood and published by Province of British Columbia, Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks. This book was released on 1993 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part of a series that profiles various blue-listed species considered biologically "vulnerable" in British Columbia. Explains what these species look like, how they reproduce, what they eat, where they live, why they are at risk, and what the public can do to help.
Book Synopsis Effects of Distrubance on the Northern Pacific Rattlesnake (crotalus Oreganus Oreganus) in British Columbia by : Emily V. Lomas
Download or read book Effects of Distrubance on the Northern Pacific Rattlesnake (crotalus Oreganus Oreganus) in British Columbia written by Emily V. Lomas and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Animal Migration by : E. J. Milner-Gulland
Download or read book Animal Migration written by E. J. Milner-Gulland and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-01-20 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the wealth of natural historical research conducted on migration over decades, there is still a dearth of hypothesis-driven studies that fully integrate theory and empirical analyses to understand the causes and consequences of migration, and a taxonomic bias towards birds in much migration research. This book takes a comparative, integrated view of animal migration, linking evolution with ecology and management, theory with empirical research, and embracing all the major migratory taxa (including human pastoralists). The scope extends beyond the target organism to consider the ecosystem-level dynamics of migration. The emphasis is on exciting new research avenues that are now opening up, whether due to advances in our understanding of migration as a biological phenomenon or through the availability of a range of new technologies. Broad themes that emerge include integrating migration into the broad spectrum of movement behaviour, the need for a comparative and cross-taxonomic approach that considers migration at a range of temporal and spatial scales, and examination of the key roles of resource uncertainty and spatial heterogeneity in driving migratory behaviour. The book identifies the potential for new tools to revolutionise the study of migration, including satellite-tracking technology, genomics, and modelling - all of which are linked to increasing computing power. We are now on the verge of a breakthrough in migration research, which is crucial given the multiple threats that face the conservation of migration as a phenomenon, including climate change.
Book Synopsis Habitat Suitability and Selection of Northern Pacific Rattlesnakes (Crotalus Oreganus Oreganus) at Multiple Spatial Scales by : Lee Joseph Hecker
Download or read book Habitat Suitability and Selection of Northern Pacific Rattlesnakes (Crotalus Oreganus Oreganus) at Multiple Spatial Scales written by Lee Joseph Hecker and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Habitat modeling techniques are widely used to determine where species occur on the landscape and what habitat or environmental factors influence their presence. These techniques are particularly useful for rattlesnakes, which have life history traits that make them difficult to study in the field. Additionally, rattlesnakes like the northern Pacific rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus oreganus) occupy a widespread and diverse range, making their environmental constraints difficult to determine. I used MaxEnt to create an environmental niche model (ENM) at two spatial scales to estimate where the suitable habitat for this species occurs in the Pacific Northwest and, more specifically, in coastal northern California. My results indicate selection for warmer habitats throughout the Pacific Northwest and drier environments within coastal northern California. I also examined the selection of a key aspect of the habitat of C. o. oreganus, the hibernaculum. I used a paired resource selection function to determine microhabitat differences between rocky outcrops used as hibernacula and outcrops that are visually similar, but unoccupied by the rattlesnakes. My top models reveal selection for outcrops with more crevices, fewer cover objects, and slopes facing due south (180° from North) for use as hibernacula. Additionally, temperatures loggers deployed at the hibernacula and their paired sites revealed that hibernacula are consistently warmer, particularly when rattlesnakes emerge in the spring. Lastly, I mapped the landslide activity within the vicinity of the hibernacula, which revealed a positive correlation between landslide presence and hibernacula. Combining these observations with the results of my models paint a comprehensive picture of where the suitable habitat for C. o. oreganus occurs in the Pacific Northwest.
Book Synopsis Recovery Strategy for the Western Rattlesnake (Crotalus Oreganus) in British Columbia by :
Download or read book Recovery Strategy for the Western Rattlesnake (Crotalus Oreganus) in British Columbia written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Examination of Factors Influencing First-year Recruitment in the Northern Pacific Rattlesnake, Crotalus Viridis Oreganus, in British Columbia [microform] by : M. Brent (Michael Brent) Charland
Download or read book An Examination of Factors Influencing First-year Recruitment in the Northern Pacific Rattlesnake, Crotalus Viridis Oreganus, in British Columbia [microform] written by M. Brent (Michael Brent) Charland and published by National Library of Canada. This book was released on 1987 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :M. Brent (Michael Brent) Charland Publisher :Wildlife Branch, Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks ISBN 13 :9780772617231 Total Pages :18 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (172 download)
Book Synopsis Status of the Northern Pacific Rattlesnake in British Columbia by : M. Brent (Michael Brent) Charland
Download or read book Status of the Northern Pacific Rattlesnake in British Columbia written by M. Brent (Michael Brent) Charland and published by Wildlife Branch, Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks. This book was released on 1993 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Movement Patterns and Habitat Use in the Canebrake Rattlesnake (crotalus Horridus Atricaudatus) by : Alan H. Savitzky
Download or read book Movement Patterns and Habitat Use in the Canebrake Rattlesnake (crotalus Horridus Atricaudatus) written by Alan H. Savitzky and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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