The Welfare Effects Of A Large Depreciation

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The Welfare Effects of a Large Depreciation

Author : Aart Kraay
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis The Welfare Effects of a Large Depreciation by : Aart Kraay

Download or read book The Welfare Effects of a Large Depreciation written by Aart Kraay and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Egyptian pound depreciated sharply between 2000 and 2005, declining by 26 percent in nominal trade-weighted terms. The author investigates the effect of the large depreciation on household welfare operating through exchange rate-induced changes in consumer prices. He estimates exchange rate pass-through regressions using disaggregated monthly consumer price indices to isolate the impact of the exchange rate changes on consumer prices. Then he uses household-level data from the 2000 and 2005 Egyptian household surveys to quantify the welfare effects of these consumer price changes at the household level. The average welfare loss due to exchange rate-induced price increases was equivalent to 7.4 percent of initial expenditure. Stronger estimated exchange rate pass-through for food items imply that this effect disproportionately affected poorer households.

The Welfare Effects of a Large Depreciation

Author : Aart Kraay
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 30 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (124 download)

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Book Synopsis The Welfare Effects of a Large Depreciation by : Aart Kraay

Download or read book The Welfare Effects of a Large Depreciation written by Aart Kraay and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Welfare Implications of Exchange Rate Changes

Author : Luis Brandao-Marques
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Welfare Implications of Exchange Rate Changes by : Luis Brandao-Marques

Download or read book Welfare Implications of Exchange Rate Changes written by Luis Brandao-Marques and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper measures the welfare implications of a depreciation of the US dollar against the euro using a dynamic equilibrium model. I calibrate a simple two-country stochastic endowment economy with trade in goods and financial assets and exogenous variations in the exchange rate. The model displays both a trade channel effect and an asset channel effect after a change in the value of the exchange rate. The welfare loss coming from the trade channel translates into the relatively higher price that consumers have to pay for imports. The asset channel effect arises from three sources. One is the traditional valuation effect associated with US debt being denominated mostly in dollars. The other two novel effects are: (1) the dollar value of investors net worth, mostly denominated in local currency, increases more in Europe than in the US; (2) asset prices change, causing a portfolio rebalancing effect which results in a fall in the share of world assets owned by the US. I show that a dollar depreciation has potentially large negative welfare effects as measured by the net present value of future consumption. After a temporary 10% depreciation of the dollar, with a half-life of one year, I calculate a 0.25% decrease in lifetime aggregate consumption for the US consumer.

The Egyptian Economy

Author : Hanāʼ Khayr al-Dīn
Publisher : American Univ in Cairo Press
ISBN 13 : 9789774161544
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis The Egyptian Economy by : Hanāʼ Khayr al-Dīn

Download or read book The Egyptian Economy written by Hanāʼ Khayr al-Dīn and published by American Univ in Cairo Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume aims to evaluate the impact of recent reform policies and highlight priority areas for further reform at the macroeconomic and institutional levels. Topics addressed include growth, distribution, and poverty reduction, unemployment and job creation, and the new pension system.

The Egyptian Economy

Author : Hanaa Kheir-El-Din
Publisher : American University in Cairo Press
ISBN 13 : 1617975257
Total Pages : 447 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (179 download)

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Book Synopsis The Egyptian Economy by : Hanaa Kheir-El-Din

Download or read book The Egyptian Economy written by Hanaa Kheir-El-Din and published by American University in Cairo Press. This book was released on 2008-02-01 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Egyptian economy has undergone several reforms since the early 1990s. However, it was not until recently that the reform process picked up speed and intensity. Key initiatives included shifting to a flexible exchange rate regime, liberalizing trade, revising and reducing the tariff structure, and improving the income tax system. Plans are underway to restructure the financial sector and privatize most state-owned enterprises. This volume aims to evaluate the impact of recent reform policies and highlight priority areas for further reform at the macroeconomic and institutional levels. Topics addressed include growth, distribution, and poverty reduction; monetary policy and the impact of exchange rate liberalization; unemployment and job creation; and the new pension system. The objective is to contribute to ongoing efforts to stimulate growth and employment, ensure fiscal sustainability, improve the external sector, and address issues related to poverty and income distribution. The volume focuses on the health and energy sectors in Egypt, with the aim of assessing each sector in three areas: financing, organization, and policy management, in order to suggest ideas for reform in light of international experience. Contributors: Ragui Assaad, Omneia Helmy, Abdallah Shehata Khattab, Hanaa Kheir-El-Din, Aart Kraay, Heba El-Laithy, Nihal El-Megharbel, Mai El Mossallamy, Tarek Abdelfattah Moursi, Sarah El Nashar, Tarek Selim, Enas Zakareya.

The Race between Education and Technology

Author : Claudia Goldin
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674037731
Total Pages : 497 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis The Race between Education and Technology by : Claudia Goldin

Download or read book The Race between Education and Technology written by Claudia Goldin and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a careful historical analysis of the co-evolution of educational attainment and the wage structure in the United States through the twentieth century. The authors propose that the twentieth century was not only the American Century but also the Human Capital Century. That is, the American educational system is what made America the richest nation in the world. Its educational system had always been less elite than that of most European nations. By 1900 the U.S. had begun to educate its masses at the secondary level, not just in the primary schools that had remarkable success in the nineteenth century. The book argues that technological change, education, and inequality have been involved in a kind of race. During the first eight decades of the twentieth century, the increase of educated workers was higher than the demand for them. This had the effect of boosting income for most people and lowering inequality. However, the reverse has been true since about 1980. This educational slowdown was accompanied by rising inequality. The authors discuss the complex reasons for this, and what might be done to ameliorate it.

G7 Current Account Imbalances

Author : Richard H. Clarida
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226107280
Total Pages : 518 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis G7 Current Account Imbalances by : Richard H. Clarida

Download or read book G7 Current Account Imbalances written by Richard H. Clarida and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current account deficit of the United States is more than six percent of its gross domestic product—an all-time high. And the rest of the world, including other G7 countries such as Japan and Germany, must collectively run current account surpluses to finance this deficit. How long can such unevenness between imports and exports be sustained, and what form might their eventual reconciliation take? Putting forth scenarios ranging from a gradual correction to a crash landing for the dollar, G7 Current Account Imbalances brings together economists from around the globe to consider the origins, status, and future of those disparities. An esteemed group of collaborators here examines the role of the bursting of the dot-com bubble, the history of previous episodes of current account adjustments, and the possibility of the Euro surpassing the dollar as the leading international reserve currency. Though there are areas of broad agreement—that the imbalances will ultimately decline and that currency revaluations will be part of the solution—many areas of contention remain regarding both the dangers of imbalances and the possible forms of adjustment. This volume will be of tremendous value to economists, politicians, and business leaders alike as they look to the future of the G7 economies.

The Economics of Welfare

Author : Arthur Cecil Pigou
Publisher : Transaction Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1412836670
Total Pages : 948 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (128 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economics of Welfare by : Arthur Cecil Pigou

Download or read book The Economics of Welfare written by Arthur Cecil Pigou and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on 2000 with total page 948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Costs and Benefits of Price Stability

Author : Martin Feldstein
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226241769
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (262 download)

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Book Synopsis The Costs and Benefits of Price Stability by : Martin Feldstein

Download or read book The Costs and Benefits of Price Stability written by Martin Feldstein and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-12-01 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the Federal Reserve and central banks worldwide have enjoyed remarkable success in their battle against inflation. The challenge now confronting the Fed and its counterparts is how to proceed in this newly benign economic environment: Should monetary policy seek to maintain a rate of low-level inflation or eliminate inflation altogether in an effort to attain full price stability? In a seminal article published in 1997, Martin Feldstein developed a framework for calculating the gains in economic welfare that might result from a move from a low level of inflation to full price stability. The present volume extends that analysis, focusing on the likely costs and benefits of achieving price stability not only in the United States, but in Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom as well. The results show that even small changes in already low inflation rates can have a substantial impact on the economic performance of different countries, and that variations in national tax rules can affect the level of gain from disinflation.

Inflation in Open Economies

Author : Michael Parkin
Publisher : Manchester University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780719007125
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Inflation in Open Economies by : Michael Parkin

Download or read book Inflation in Open Economies written by Michael Parkin and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 1978 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

National Accounts at a Glance 2014

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 926420685X
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (642 download)

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Book Synopsis National Accounts at a Glance 2014 by : OECD

Download or read book National Accounts at a Glance 2014 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2014-04-11 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: National Accounts at a Glance presents information using an "indicator" approach, focusing on cross-country comparisons.

The Welfare Effects of Tax Simplification

Author : Jang-Ting Guo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis The Welfare Effects of Tax Simplification by : Jang-Ting Guo

Download or read book The Welfare Effects of Tax Simplification written by Jang-Ting Guo and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the issue of tax simplification using a dynamic general-equilibrium model which is calibrated to the U.S. economy.

Dominant Currency Paradigm: A New Model for Small Open Economies

Author : Camila Casas
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484330609
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis Dominant Currency Paradigm: A New Model for Small Open Economies by : Camila Casas

Download or read book Dominant Currency Paradigm: A New Model for Small Open Economies written by Camila Casas and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most trade is invoiced in very few currencies. Despite this, the Mundell-Fleming benchmark and its variants focus on pricing in the producer’s currency or in local currency. We model instead a ‘dominant currency paradigm’ for small open economies characterized by three features: pricing in a dominant currency; pricing complementarities, and imported input use in production. Under this paradigm: (a) the terms-of-trade is stable; (b) dominant currency exchange rate pass-through into export and import prices is high regardless of destination or origin of goods; (c) exchange rate pass-through of non-dominant currencies is small; (d) expenditure switching occurs mostly via imports, driven by the dollar exchange rate while exports respond weakly, if at all; (e) strengthening of the dominant currency relative to non-dominant ones can negatively impact global trade; (f) optimal monetary policy targets deviations from the law of one price arising from dominant currency fluctuations, in addition to the inflation and output gap. Using data from Colombia we document strong support for the dominant currency paradigm.

IMF Staff Papers

Author : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451949391
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis IMF Staff Papers by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.

Download or read book IMF Staff Papers written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1952-01-01 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses various foreign payments practices in the United States. Most foreign payments in the United States are, therefore, done along traditional lines in whatever manner. Several nontraditional practices, however, have developed in recent years as the result of trade and payments restrictions established by foreign Governments. The amount and type of exchange sold by the US banks to their customers are limited only, if at all, by regulations abroad or by the banks' own limitations. In making or receiving foreign payments, the US banks deal generally with three types of customers which are, in the order of their importance: exporters and importers, individuals or corporations desiring to make or receive nontrade financial payments, and speculators. Foreign payments for account of individuals are usually small individually however, in the aggregate, they represent an important function of the banks located in the larger cities with a considerable foreign-born population.

Parallel Currency Markets in Developing Countries

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451943229
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Parallel Currency Markets in Developing Countries by : International Monetary Fund

Download or read book Parallel Currency Markets in Developing Countries written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1990-12-01 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper reviews recent theoretical and empirical developments in the analysis of informal currency markets in developing countries. The basic characteristics of these markets are highlighted, and alternative analytical models to explain them are discussed. The implications for exchange rate policy —including imposition of foreign exchange restrictions, devaluation, and unification of exchange markets— in countries with a sizable parallel market are also examined.

Exchange Rate Misalignment in Developing Countries

Author : Sebastian Edwards
Publisher : Johns Hopkins University Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 110 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Exchange Rate Misalignment in Developing Countries by : Sebastian Edwards

Download or read book Exchange Rate Misalignment in Developing Countries written by Sebastian Edwards and published by Johns Hopkins University Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article analyzes the theory of equilibrium real exchange rates and defines misalignment as a deviation of the real exchange rate (RER) from its equilibrium level. The role of macroeconomic policies is then analyzed under three alternative nominal exchange rate regimes: predetermined nominal exchange rates; floating nominal rates; and dual or black market nominal exchange rates. This discussion points out how inconsistent macroeconomic policies often lead to real exchange rate misalignment. Corrective measures, including nominal devaluation and several alternative approaches, are then evaluated.

The Welfare Effects of Private Sector Participation in Guinea's Urban Water Supply

Author : George Clarke
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Welfare Effects of Private Sector Participation in Guinea's Urban Water Supply by : George Clarke

Download or read book The Welfare Effects of Private Sector Participation in Guinea's Urban Water Supply written by George Clarke and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Private sector participation in Guinea's urban water sector has benefited consumers, the government, and, to a lesser extent, the new foreign owners. Performance will improve further when the government starts paying its own water bill on time and when the legislature authorizes the collection of unpaid bills from private consumers.