The Value Relevance Of Changes In Financial Leverage

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The Value Relevance of Changes in Financial Leverage

Author : Valentin Dimitrov
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 41 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis The Value Relevance of Changes in Financial Leverage by : Valentin Dimitrov

Download or read book The Value Relevance of Changes in Financial Leverage written by Valentin Dimitrov and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic performance (economic profits, economic income, or underlying operating performance) of a firm is not observable. Market participants use accounting earnings and other proxies to measure the otherwise unobservable economic performance. Ball and Brown (1968) show that accounting earnings capture the economic performance to some extent. In particular, they find that accounting earnings are correlated with stock returns (value relevant). We hypothesize and show that changes in financial leverage are also value relevant. We document a significantly negative association between changes in financial leverage and contemporaneous risk-adjusted stock returns. The information in changes in financial leverage is incremental to the information in earnings-based measures. Furthermore, we find that changes in financial leverage are also negatively associated with future risk-adjusted returns. This evidence suggests that the information in changes in financial leverage is not impounded in stock prices in a timely fashion.

Creative Cash Flow Reporting

Author : Charles W. Mulford
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0471469181
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (714 download)

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Book Synopsis Creative Cash Flow Reporting by : Charles W. Mulford

Download or read book Creative Cash Flow Reporting written by Charles W. Mulford and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-01-20 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Successful methodology for identifying earnings-related reporting indiscretions Creative Cash Flow Reporting and Analysis capitalizes on current concerns with misleading financial reporting on misleading financial reporting. It identifies the common steps used to yield misleading cash flow amounts, demonstrates how to adjust the cash flow statement for more effective analysis, and how to use adjusted operating cash flow to uncover earnings that have been misreported using aggressive or fraudulent accounting practices. Charles W. Mulford, PhD, CPA (Atlanta, GA), is the coauthor of three books, including the bestselling The Financial Numbers Game: Identifying Creative Accounting Practices. Eugene E. Comiskey, PhD, CPA, CMA (Atlanta, GA), is the coauthor of the bestselling The Financial Numbers Game: Identifying Creative Accounting Practices.

The COVID-19 Impact on Corporate Leverage and Financial Fragility

Author : Sharjil M. Haque
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1589064127
Total Pages : 51 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis The COVID-19 Impact on Corporate Leverage and Financial Fragility by : Sharjil M. Haque

Download or read book The COVID-19 Impact on Corporate Leverage and Financial Fragility written by Sharjil M. Haque and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-11-05 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study the impact of the COVID-19 recession on capital structure of publicly listed U.S. firms. Our estimates suggest leverage (Net Debt/Asset) decreased by 5.3 percentage points from the pre-shock mean of 19.6 percent, while debt maturity increased moderately. This de-leveraging effect is stronger for firms exposed to significant rollover risk, while firms whose businesses were most vulnerable to social distancing did not reduce leverage. We rationalize our evidence through a structural model of firm value that shows lower expected growth rate and higher volatility of cash flows following COVID-19 reduced optimal levels of corporate leverage. Model-implied optimal leverage indicates firms which did not de-lever became over-leveraged. We find default probability deteriorates most in large, over-leveraged firms and those that were stressed pre-COVID. Additional stress tests predict value of these firms will be less than one standard deviation away from default if cash flows decline by 20 percent.

Does capital structure influence firms value?

Author : Ulrike Messbacher
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638449475
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis Does capital structure influence firms value? by : Ulrike Messbacher

Download or read book Does capital structure influence firms value? written by Ulrike Messbacher and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2005-12-20 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2004 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1, University of Applied Sciences Kempten (University of Ulster), language: English, abstract: In accordance with the Signalling model by Ross (1977) an increase in gearing represents, in term of a company’s prospective cash flows, a positive signal to external investors. Because, due to the higher risk of financial distress, companies with less optimistic market prospective tend to avoid additional financial obligations. This implies that an increasing indebtedness means a higher quality of business and therefore better valuation. This leads, in turn, to the assumption that the corporate management can influence a firm’s value by changing its capital structure. If capital structure can affect value, how can firms identify an optimal capital structure and what will it look like? It is that mix of debt and equity that maximises the value of a firm and, at the same time, minimise overall cost of capital. In their seminal article, published in 1958 and 1963, Modigliani and Miller argue that under certain assumptions the value of a firm i s independent of its capital structure, but with tax-deductible interest payments, they are positively related. Moreover, there are other approaches with partly contradictory perceptions. For instance, Myers (1998, cited in Fairchild 2003, p.6) argues that there is no universal optimal mix of debt and equity; in fact it depends on firms or industries, and therefore should be considered on a case-by-case basis. Other researchers have added market imperfections, such as bankruptcy costs, agency costs, and gains from leverage- induced tax shields to the analysis and have maintained that an optimal capital structure may exist (Hatfieldet al.1994, p.1). First, this paper shows the basic determinants of a firm’s value in association with the impact of financial leverage on payoffs to stockholders. Secondly, it considers some arguments of capital structure theories, particularly the Modigliani and Miller theorem and the Traditional approach and contrasts them. Finally, the underlying factors of the model assumptions are examined and shown that they are important in the choice of a firm’s debt-equity ratio.

ITJEMAST 11(5) 2020

Author :
Publisher : International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis ITJEMAST 11(5) 2020 by :

Download or read book ITJEMAST 11(5) 2020 written by and published by International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies. This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies publishes a wide spectrum of research and technical articles as well as reviews, experiments, experiences, modelings, simulations, designs, and innovations from engineering, sciences, life sciences, and related disciplines as well as interdisciplinary/cross-disciplinary/multidisciplinary subjects. Original work is required. Article submitted must not be under consideration of other publishers for publications.

Corporate Capital Structures in the United States

Author : Benjamin M. Friedman
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226264238
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (262 download)

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Book Synopsis Corporate Capital Structures in the United States by : Benjamin M. Friedman

Download or read book Corporate Capital Structures in the United States written by Benjamin M. Friedman and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-05-15 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research reported in this volume represents the second stage of a wide-ranging National Bureau of Economic Research effort to investigate "The Changing Role of Debt and Equity in Financing U.S. Capital Formation." The first group of studies sponsored under this project, which have been published individually and summarized in a 1982 volume bearing the same title (Friedman 1982), addressed several key issues relevant to corporate sector behavior along with such other aspects of the evolving financial underpinnings of U.S. capital formation as household saving incentives, international capital flows, and government debt management. In the project's second series of studies, presented at the National Bureau of Economic Research conference in January 1983 and published here for the first time along with commentaries from that conference, the central focus is the financial side of capital formation undertaken by the U.S. corporate business sector. At the same time, because corporations' securities must be held, a parallel focus is on the behavior of the markets that price these claims.

The End of Accounting and the Path Forward for Investors and Managers

Author : Baruch Lev
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119191084
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis The End of Accounting and the Path Forward for Investors and Managers by : Baruch Lev

Download or read book The End of Accounting and the Path Forward for Investors and Managers written by Baruch Lev and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-06-14 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An innovative new valuation framework with truly useful economic indicators The End of Accounting and the Path Forward for Investors and Managers shows how the ubiquitous financial reports have become useless in capital market decisions and lays out an actionable alternative. Based on a comprehensive, large-sample empirical analysis, this book reports financial documents' continuous deterioration in relevance to investors' decisions. An enlightening discussion details the reasons why accounting is losing relevance in today's market, backed by numerous examples with real-world impact. Beyond simply identifying the problem, this report offers a solution—the Value Creation Report—and demonstrates its utility in key industries. New indicators focus on strategy and execution to identify and evaluate a company's true value-creating resources for a more up-to-date approach to critical investment decision-making. While entire industries have come to rely on financial reports for vital information, these documents are flawed and insufficient when it comes to the way investors and lenders work in the current economic climate. This book demonstrates an alternative, giving you a new framework for more informed decision making. Discover a new, comprehensive system of economic indicators Focus on strategic, value-creating resources in company valuation Learn how traditional financial documents are quickly losing their utility Find a path forward with actionable, up-to-date information Major corporate decisions, such as restructuring and M&A, are predicated on financial indicators of profitability and asset/liabilities values. These documents move mountains, so what happens if they're based on faulty indicators that fail to show the true value of the company? The End of Accounting and the Path Forward for Investors and Managers shows you the reality and offers a new blueprint for more accurate valuation.

ITJEMAST 12(5) 2021

Author :
Publisher : International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis ITJEMAST 12(5) 2021 by :

Download or read book ITJEMAST 12(5) 2021 written by and published by International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies. This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies publishes a wide spectrum of research and technical articles as well as reviews, experiments, experiences, modelings, simulations, designs, and innovations from engineering, sciences, life sciences, and related disciplines as well as interdisciplinary/cross-disciplinary/multidisciplinary subjects. Original work is required. Article submitted must not be under consideration of other publishers for publications.

Value

Author : McKinsey & Company Inc.
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470949082
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (79 download)

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Book Synopsis Value by : McKinsey & Company Inc.

Download or read book Value written by McKinsey & Company Inc. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-10-26 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible guide to the essential issues of corporate finance While you can find numerous books focused on the topic of corporate finance, few offer the type of information managers need to help them make important decisions day in and day out. Value explores the core of corporate finance without getting bogged down in numbers and is intended to give managers an accessible guide to both the foundations and applications of corporate finance. Filled with in-depth insights from experts at McKinsey & Company, this reliable resource takes a much more qualitative approach to what the authors consider a lost art. Discusses the four foundational principles of corporate finance Effectively applies the theory of value creation to our economy Examines ways to maintain and grow value through mergers, acquisitions, and portfolio management Addresses how to ensure your company has the right governance, performance measurement, and internal discussions to encourage value-creating decisions A perfect companion to the Fifth Edition of Valuation, this book will put the various issues associated with corporate finance in perspective.

Accounting for Value

Author : Stephen Penman
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231521855
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Accounting for Value by : Stephen Penman

Download or read book Accounting for Value written by Stephen Penman and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2010-12-30 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accounting for Value teaches investors and analysts how to handle accounting in evaluating equity investments. The book's novel approach shows that valuation and accounting are much the same: valuation is actually a matter of accounting for value. Laying aside many of the tools of modern finance the cost-of-capital, the CAPM, and discounted cash flow analysis Stephen Penman returns to the common-sense principles that have long guided fundamental investing: price is what you pay but value is what you get; the risk in investing is the risk of paying too much; anchor on what you know rather than speculation; and beware of paying too much for speculative growth. Penman puts these ideas in touch with the quantification supplied by accounting, producing practical tools for the intelligent investor. Accounting for value provides protection from paying too much for a stock and clues the investor in to the likely return from buying growth. Strikingly, the analysis finesses the need to calculate a "cost-of-capital," which often frustrates the application of modern valuation techniques. Accounting for value recasts "value" versus "growth" investing and explains such curiosities as why earnings-to-price and book-to-price ratios predict stock returns. By the end of the book, Penman has the intelligent investor thinking like an intelligent accountant, better equipped to handle the bubbles and crashes of our time. For accounting regulators, Penman also prescribes a formula for intelligent accounting reform, engaging with such controversial issues as fair value accounting.

Financing decision

Author : Florian Voigt
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638445526
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis Financing decision by : Florian Voigt

Download or read book Financing decision written by Florian Voigt and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2005-12-05 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2004 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 85%, Stellenbosch Universitiy, language: English, abstract: The financing strategy is the mix of capital chosen by each enterprise. This strategy is of extreme importance, because it can have a profound effect on the value of the enterprise. In general, firms have different possibilities to design its capital structure. Debt can be issued in a large quantity or only in a small amount. Furthermore, warrants, convertible bonds, caps, callers or preferred stock can be issued. Firms can use lease financing, bond swaps or forward contracts. The variations in capital structures are infinite, due to the endless number of financing instruments. Variables such as demand and supply, the capital requirement, the price of capital (interest rates), types of security, etc. are given at a particular point in time. We will discuss how a firm should finance in order to establish an optimal combination of equity and debt capital in the interests of the welfare of the owners. Uncertainty and risk are central to the financing problem and therefore financing must in essence be dynamic by nature. The single most important basis for making any financial decision is prognosis. The techniques used are mainly those of budgets and analysis by means of ratios. Prognosis, income expectations and developments in the money and capital markets, play a central role as the single most important basis of each financing decision. The optimal combinations of equity capital and debt to maximise the interest of the owners, are achieved by means of the sensible use of debt. The question thus arises to what extent this approach can be utilised and therefore the determining factors of the financial structure must be considered in more detail. This paper will focus on these factors. It will not discuss sources of financing in detail, which should be treated as a separate topic.

Capital Structure and Corporate Financing Decisions

Author : H. Kent Baker
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118022947
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Capital Structure and Corporate Financing Decisions by : H. Kent Baker

Download or read book Capital Structure and Corporate Financing Decisions written by H. Kent Baker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-03-31 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive guide to making better capital structure and corporate financing decisions in today's dynamic business environment Given the dramatic changes that have recently occurred in the economy, the topic of capital structure and corporate financing decisions is critically important. The fact is that firms need to constantly revisit their portfolio of debt, equity, and hybrid securities to finance assets, operations, and future growth. Capital Structure and Corporate Financing Decisions provides an in-depth examination of critical capital structure topics, including discussions of basic capital structure components, key theories and practices, and practical application in an increasingly complex corporate world. Throughout, the book emphasizes how a sound capital structure simultaneously minimizes the firm's cost of capital and maximizes the value to shareholders. Offers a strategic focus that allows you to understand how financing decisions relates to a firm's overall corporate policy Consists of contributed chapters from both academics and experienced professionals, offering a variety of perspectives and a rich interplay of ideas Contains information from survey research describing actual financial practices of firms This valuable resource takes a practical approach to capital structure by discussing why various theories make sense and how firms use them to solve problems and create wealth. In the wake of the recent financial crisis, the insights found here are essential to excelling in today's volatile business environment.

The Information Content of Changes in Financial Leverage

Author : Valentin Dimitrov
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 49 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis The Information Content of Changes in Financial Leverage by : Valentin Dimitrov

Download or read book The Information Content of Changes in Financial Leverage written by Valentin Dimitrov and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We show a significantly negative association between changes in financial leverage and contemporaneous risk-adjusted stock returns. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that changes in financial leverage are affected by and, therefore, signal changes in underlying operating performance. Furthermore, we find that changes in financial leverage are also negatively associated with future risk-adjusted returns. We show that changes in financial leverage are correlated with future changes in return on equity, which may partially explain the anomalous pattern in future returns.

Valuation

Author : McKinsey & Company Inc.
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470889934
Total Pages : 860 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Valuation by : McKinsey & Company Inc.

Download or read book Valuation written by McKinsey & Company Inc. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-07-16 with total page 860 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The number one guide to corporate valuation is back and better than ever Thoroughly revised and expanded to reflect business conditions in today's volatile global economy, Valuation, Fifth Edition continues the tradition of its bestselling predecessors by providing up-to-date insights and practical advice on how to create, manage, and measure the value of an organization. Along with all new case studies that illustrate how valuation techniques and principles are applied in real-world situations, this comprehensive guide has been updated to reflect new developments in corporate finance, changes in accounting rules, and an enhanced global perspective. Valuation, Fifth Edition is filled with expert guidance that managers at all levels, investors, and students can use to enhance their understanding of this important discipline. Contains strategies for multi-business valuation and valuation for corporate restructuring, mergers, and acquisitions Addresses how you can interpret the results of a valuation in light of a company's competitive situation Also available: a book plus CD-ROM package (978-0-470-42469-8) as well as a stand-alone CD-ROM (978-0-470-42457-7) containing an interactive valuation DCF model Valuation, Fifth Edition stands alone in this field with its reputation of quality and consistency. If you want to hone your valuation skills today and improve them for years to come, look no further than this book.

Accounting in Central and Eastern Europe

Author : Catalin Albu
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Accounting in Central and Eastern Europe by : Catalin Albu

Download or read book Accounting in Central and Eastern Europe written by Catalin Albu and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2013-12-05 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Countries in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), most of them former components of the communist bloc, have suffered diverse influences over time. Historically, the advent of communism in the 1950s has stopped the economic and political development of these countries. Its fall during the late 1980s and early 1990s triggered severe changes in the economic and social environment, with profound consequences on the countries' accounting and business models. The accounting regulatory process of these countries has mostly been a public one, although some countries also involved private sector and professional bodies. With economic and political reforms these countries are now reforming their accounting systems with for example the adoption of International Accounting Standards/International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Additionally, the CEE countries' political will to join the European Union compelled the regulators to ensure a high level of harmonization with the European Directives. This volume present theoretical and empirical papers that will further our understanding of accounting issues in CEE countries.

Value Relevance of Degree of Leverage: Evidence from India

Author : Pradeep Gupta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783330041332
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (413 download)

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Book Synopsis Value Relevance of Degree of Leverage: Evidence from India by : Pradeep Gupta

Download or read book Value Relevance of Degree of Leverage: Evidence from India written by Pradeep Gupta and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Valuation Approaches and Metrics

Author : Aswath Damodaran
Publisher : Now Publishers Inc
ISBN 13 : 1601980140
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Valuation Approaches and Metrics by : Aswath Damodaran

Download or read book Valuation Approaches and Metrics written by Aswath Damodaran and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2005 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Valuation lies at the heart of much of what we do in finance, whether it is the study of market efficiency and questions about corporate governance or the comparison of different investment decision rules in capital budgeting. In this paper, we consider the theory and evidence on valuation approaches. We begin by surveying the literature on discounted cash flow valuation models, ranging from the first mentions of the dividend discount model to value stocks to the use of excess return models in more recent years. In the second part of the paper, we examine relative valuation models and, in particular, the use of multiples and comparables in valuation and evaluate whether relative valuation models yield more or less precise estimates of value than discounted cash flow models. In the final part of the paper, we set the stage for further research in valuation by noting the estimation challenges we face as companies globalize and become exposed to risk in multiple countries.