The Use Of Anthropological Expertise For Military Purposes With A Focus On The Us Military Human Terrain System

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The Use of Anthropological Expertise for Military Purposes - with a Focus on the U.S. Military Human Terrain System

Author : Thomas Hoehl
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656047707
Total Pages : 37 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (56 download)

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Book Synopsis The Use of Anthropological Expertise for Military Purposes - with a Focus on the U.S. Military Human Terrain System by : Thomas Hoehl

Download or read book The Use of Anthropological Expertise for Military Purposes - with a Focus on the U.S. Military Human Terrain System written by Thomas Hoehl and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011-11 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2009 in the subject Communications - Intercultural Communication, grade: 1,0, LMU Munich (Institute for Intercultural Communication), course: Theorien der Interkulturellen Kommunikation, language: English, abstract: This paper analyzes the historical and contemporaneous relationship of anthropological science with military tactics and strategies. It focuses on the Anglo-American perspective of the topic as its main object of study is the U.S. military Human Terrain System, a program which integrates anthropologists into military units to improve their interaction with the local population and thereby help to stabilize the security situation.

Social Science Goes to War

Author : Montgomery McFate
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190613378
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Science Goes to War by : Montgomery McFate

Download or read book Social Science Goes to War written by Montgomery McFate and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-01-11 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Human Terrain System (HTS) was catapulted into existence in 2006 by the US military's urgent need for knowledge of the human dimension of the battlespace in Iraq and Afghanistan. Its centrepiece was embedded groups of mixed military and civilian personnel, known as Human Terrain Teams (HTTs), whose mission was to conduct social science research and analysis and to advise military commanders about the local population. Bringing social science - and actual social scientists - to the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan was bold and challenging. Despite the controversy over HTS among scholars, there is little good, reliable source material written by those with experience of HTS or about the actual work carried out by teams in theatre. This volume goes beyond the anecdotes, snippets and blogs to provide a comprehensive, objective and detailed view of HTS. The contributors put the program in historical context, discuss the obstacles it faced, analyse its successes, and detail the work of the teams downrange. Most importantly, they capture some of the diverse lived experience of HTS scholars and practitioners drawn from an eclectic array of the social sciences.

Military Anthropology

Author : Montgomery McFate
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190934948
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Military Anthropology by : Montgomery McFate

Download or read book Military Anthropology written by Montgomery McFate and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In almost every military intervention in its history, the US has made cultural mistakes that hindered attainment of its policy goals. From the strategic bombing of Vietnam to the accidental burning of the Koran in Afghanistan, it has blundered around with little consideration of local cultural beliefs and for the long-term effects on the host nation's society. Cultural anthropology--the so-called "handmaiden of colonialism"--has historically served as an intellectual bridge between Western powers and local nationals. What light can it shed on the intersection of the US military and foreign societies today? This book tells the story of anthropologists who worked directly for the military, such as Ursula Graham Bower, the only woman to hold a British combat command during WWII. Each faced challenges including the negative outcomes of exporting Western political models and errors of perception. Ranging from the British colonial era in Africa to the recent wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, Military Anthropology illustrates the conceptual, cultural and practical barriers encountered by military organisations operating in societies vastly different from their own.

Human Terrain Teams

Author : Christopher J. Lamb
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780988864207
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (642 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Terrain Teams by : Christopher J. Lamb

Download or read book Human Terrain Teams written by Christopher J. Lamb and published by . This book was released on 2013-06 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study explains the performance of Human Terrain Teams, why the large majority of commanders found them useful, and why collectively they did not ameliorate-much less reverse-growing cross-cultural tensions between U.S. forces and Afghans. It examines the tremendous challenges the Human Terrain Team program faced in starting and rapidly expanding a non-traditional military capability, and why some challenges were met successfully while others were not. First, a historical analysis explains how external forces and management decisions affected team performance. An organizational analysis then explains the variations in team performance by examining the teams with variables substantiated by previous studies of small cross-functional teams. Finally, all available commander observations on Human Terrain Team performance are analyzed to better determine why commanders were satisfied or dissatisfied with their teams. The insights from the three analyses-historical, organizational and commander assessments-are then integrated. The results demonstrate that Human Terrain Teams had to overcome numerous organizational limitations to perform well, but that they were able to meet the expectations of commanders who did not fully appreciate the optimum role the teams could play in an integrated counterinsurgency strategy.

Pinelandia

Author : Nomi Stone
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520975499
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis Pinelandia by : Nomi Stone

Download or read book Pinelandia written by Nomi Stone and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2022-10-11 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Across the pine forests and deserts of America, there are mock Middle Eastern villages, mostly hidden from public view. Containing mosques, restaurants, street signs, graffiti in Arabic, and Iraqi role-players, these villages serve as military training sites for cultural literacy and special operations, both seen as crucial to victory in the Global War on Terror. In her gripping and highly original ethnography, anthropologist Nomi Stone explores US military predeployment training exercises and the lifeworlds of the Iraqi role-players employed within the mock villages, as they act out to mourn, bargain, and die like the wartime adversary or ally. Spanning fieldwork across the United States and Jordan, Pinelandia traces the devastating consequences of a military project that seeks to turn human beings into wartime technologies recruited to translate, mediate, and collaborate. Theorizing and enacting a field poetics, this work enlarges the ethnographic project into new cross-disciplinary worlds. Pinelandia is a political phenomenology of American empire and Iraq in the twenty-first century.

The Human Terrain System

Author : Christopher J. Sims
Publisher : Department of the Army
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis The Human Terrain System by : Christopher J. Sims

Download or read book The Human Terrain System written by Christopher J. Sims and published by Department of the Army. This book was released on 2015 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Human Terrain System embedded civilians primarily in brigade combat teams (BCTs) in Iraq and Afghanistan between 2007 and 2014 to act as a collection and dispersal mechanism for sociocultural comprehension. Set against the backdrop of the program's evolution, the experiences of these social scientists clarifies the U.S. Army's decision to integrate social scientists at the tactical level in conflict. Based on interviews, program documents, material from Freedom of Information Act requests, and secondary sources, this book finds a series of limiting factors inhibiting social science research at the tactical level, common to both Iraq and Afghanistan. Complexity in integrating civilians into the military decision-making cycle, in creating timely research with a high level of fidelity, and in making granular research that resonated with brigade staff all contributed to inhibiting the overall effect of the Human Terrain System. Yet, while high operational tempo in contested spaces complicates social science research at the tactical level, the author argues that there is a continued requirement for a residual capability to be maintained by the U.S. Army. Related items: Other resources produced by the Strategic Studies Institute, US Army War College can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/agency/1609 Weapon of Choice: U.S. Army Special Operations Forces in Afghanistan can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/008-029-00431-3 Counterinsurgency Leadership in Afghanistan, Iraq and Beyond can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/008-046-00274-6 Surging South of Baghdad: The 3d Infantry Division and Task Force MARNE in Iraq, 2007-2008 can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/008-029-00522-1 Iraq and Persian Gulf Wars collection can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/us-military-history/battles-wars/iraq-persian-gulf-wars Training Humans for the Human Domain can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/008-000-01173-7 Paid to Perform: Aligning Total Military Compensation With Talent Management can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/node/49300/edit The Effective Use of Reserve Personnel in the U.S. Military: Lessons From The United Kingdom Reserve Model can be found at this link: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/008-000-01100-1 Afghanistan War collection can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/us-military-history/wars-conflicts/afghanistan-war

Anthropologists in Arms

Author : George R. Lucas
Publisher : Rowman Altamira
ISBN 13 : 0759119198
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (591 download)

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Book Synopsis Anthropologists in Arms by : George R. Lucas

Download or read book Anthropologists in Arms written by George R. Lucas and published by Rowman Altamira. This book was released on 2009-10-15 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anthropologists in Arms looks at the moral and ethical debates surrounding the recent development of 'military anthropology'—particularly the practice of embedding anthropologists with combat troops in Iraq and Afghanistan. Lucas traces the troubled history of social scientists collaborating with national military, security, and intelligence organizations and shows how these complex and frequently misunderstood historical concerns contribute to the contemporary moral controversy. He gives special attention to the Human Terrain Systems project developed by the U.S. Army under the direction of General David Petraeus. Although this project has been criticized as unethical by academic anthropologists in the U.S. and the U.K., Lucas shows that the moral status of that program is much more ambiguous than these blanket criticisms would suggest. Anthropologists in Arms concludes with a call for a thorough review of HTS itself, and suggests alternative strategies for providing anthropological knowledge to military forces engaged in irregular warfare—knowledge that might, in turn, help military forces to ameliorate the suffering imposed on noncombatants, while respecting the privacy, security, and human rights of indigenous populations.

Human Terrain System

Author : Christopher J. Sims
Publisher : Declassified Press
ISBN 13 : 396376435X
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (637 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Terrain System by : Christopher J. Sims

Download or read book Human Terrain System written by Christopher J. Sims and published by Declassified Press. This book was released on 2018-04-19 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To avoid the footpaths which may have been mined with improvised explosive devices (IEDs), Ryan Evans, a U.S. federal civilian, was walking across a wheat field in Babaji, Helmand Province, in the spring of 2011. Evans was attached to the Royal Highland Fusiliers (2 Scots), C Company, a heavy infantry patrol tasked with providing security in the vicinity. Begun 2 years earlier, the Helmand Food Zone Program was a form of development intervention which offered subsidies, seed, and fertilizers to farmers who replaced lucrative opium cultivation from poppies with growing and harvesting wheat and vegetable crops. Babaji had been in the control of insurgents until a few months earlier and had not received any assistance from the program during the previous year; consequently, there were tensions between the community and British forces. As Evans and the patrol emerged from the field, an Afghan man sitting nearby, clearly irate, shouted in Pashto that the British soldiers had wanted the farmer to grow wheat instead of poppy, and then the same British soldiers walked through their fields. At the immediate level, the encounter demonstrated the direct link between conflict, food security, and local trade, but conflict has many interrelated and mutual dependencies such that the anecdote is instructive on myriad broader milieus. Where, for example, is the tipping point that makes a civilian value creating an expression of discontent to a heavily armed patrol above his immediate physical security? Do livelihoods and cultures affect military strategies? Are there interdependencies between insurgencies, societies, and economies? Does the language of war require a sociological grammar in order to be understood? Armed conflict is a human enterprise such that, by extension, understanding of the human dimension in a given area of operations should be thought integral to planning successful operations...

Tackling Trident

Author : Stellan Vinthagen
Publisher : Lulu.com
ISBN 13 : 147175104X
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (717 download)

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Book Synopsis Tackling Trident by : Stellan Vinthagen

Download or read book Tackling Trident written by Stellan Vinthagen and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2012 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Tackling Trident is about two unique academic conferences in which an international group of academics, while discussing scientific conference papers, simultaneously blockaded Faslane Naval Base, home of the UKʼs Trident system of nuclear weapons of mass-destruction, in Scotland, in January and June 2007. This book presents the academics that took part in the innovative ʻAcademic Conference Blockadesʼ, the conference papers that outlines the scientific rational behind their nuclear resistance, and the year long campaign Faslane 365 in which this ʻcritique in actionʼ occurred. Tackling Trident is a book written by engaged academics that tackles nuclear weapon issues, Trident, academic responsibility, and possibilities for academic, personal and social change. This book is a fundamental challenge to the suggested scientific legitimacy of nuclear weapon ʼdefenceʼ, and the suggested political and moral ʼneutralityʼ of academia." -- Back cover.

The Human Terrain System

Author : Christopher J. Sims
Publisher : Lulu.com
ISBN 13 : 9781329784680
Total Pages : 522 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (846 download)

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Book Synopsis The Human Terrain System by : Christopher J. Sims

Download or read book The Human Terrain System written by Christopher J. Sims and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2015-12-24 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The announcement that the Human Terrain System (HTS) was brought to a close in the fall of 2014 met with a flurry of responses. Commentators assessed the character and content of the social science research program and several identified plausible legacies that it may bequeath U.S. Armed Services. Often the conclusions therein were mixed, hinting instructively at the absence of a strong empirical record of the program. Therefore, this book is a welcomed larger study of the HTS, one of the first investigations to delineate the experiences of former program members, chart the stance of the American Anthropological Association, and gain engagement both from the U.S. Training and Doctrine Command, and a manager from the first primary contractor, BAE Systems. As a scholarly assessment of the complex interplay of these perspectives, the book becomes part of an attempt to find a platform for collaboration and discussion on what has become a profoundly polarizing subject.

Public Anthropology

Author : Edward J. Hedican
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 1442635886
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis Public Anthropology by : Edward J. Hedican

Download or read book Public Anthropology written by Edward J. Hedican and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2016-01-01 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary anthropology has changed drastically in the new millennium, expanding beyond the anachronistic study of "primitive" societies to confront the burning social, economic, and political challenges of the day. In the process, anthropologists often come face to face with issues that require them to take a public position--issues such as race and tolerance, health and well-being, food security, reconciliation and public justice, global terror and militarism, and digital media This comprehensive but accessible book is both an interesting read and an excellent overview of public anthropology. In-depth case studies offer an opportunity to evaluate the pros and cons of engaging with public issues, while profiles of select anthropologists ensure the book is contemporary, but rooted in the history of the discipline.

Armed with Expertise

Author : Joy Rohde
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 0801469597
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Armed with Expertise by : Joy Rohde

Download or read book Armed with Expertise written by Joy Rohde and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2013-08-01 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the height of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, the Pentagon launched a controversial counterinsurgency program called the Human Terrain System. The program embedded social scientists within military units to provide commanders with information about the cultures and grievances of local populations. Yet the controversy it inspired was not new. Decades earlier, similar national security concerns brought the Department of Defense and American social scientists together in the search for intellectual weapons that could combat the spread of communism during the Cold War. In Armed with Expertise, Joy Rohde traces the optimistic rise, anguished fall, and surprising rebirth of Cold War–era military-sponsored social research. Seeking expert knowledge that would enable the United States to contain communism, the Pentagon turned to social scientists. Beginning in the 1950s, political scientists, social psychologists, and anthropologists optimistically applied their expertise to military problems, convinced that their work would enhance democracy around the world. As Rohde shows, by the late 1960s, a growing number of scholars and activists condemned Pentagon-funded social scientists as handmaidens of a technocratic warfare state and sought to eliminate military-sponsored research from American intellectual life. But the Pentagon’s social research projects had remarkable institutional momentum and intellectual flexibility. Instead of severing their ties to the military, the Pentagon’s experts relocated to a burgeoning network of private consulting agencies and for-profit research offices. Now shielded from public scrutiny, they continued to influence national security affairs. They also diversified their portfolios to include the study of domestic problems, including urban violence and racial conflict. In examining the controversies over Cold War social science, Rohde reveals the persistent militarization of American political and intellectual life, a phenomenon that continues to raise grave questions about the relationship between expert knowledge and American democracy.

Weaponizing Anthropology

Author : David H. Price
Publisher : AK Press
ISBN 13 : 1849351090
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (493 download)

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Book Synopsis Weaponizing Anthropology by : David H. Price

Download or read book Weaponizing Anthropology written by David H. Price and published by AK Press. This book was released on 2011-08-16 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ongoing battle for hearts and minds in Iraq and Afghanistan is a military strategy inspired originally by efforts at domestic social control and counterinsurgency in the United States. Weaponizing Anthropology documents how anthropological knowledge and ethnographic methods are harnessed by military and intelligence agencies in post-9/11 America to placate hostile foreign populations. David H. Price outlines the ethical implications of appropriating this traditional academic discourse for use by embedded, militarized research teams. Price's inquiry into past relationships between anthropologists and the CIA, FBI, and Pentagon provides the historical base for this expose of the current abuses of anthropology by military and intelligence agencies. Weaponizing Anthropology explores the ways that recent shifts in funding sources for university students threaten academic freedom, as new secretive CIA-linked fellowship programs rapidly infiltrate American university campuses. Price examines the specific uses of anthropological knowledge in military doctrine that have appeared in a new generation of counterinsurgency manuals and paramilitary social science units like the Human Terrain Teams. David H. Price is the author of Threatening Anthropology: McCarthyism and the FBI's Surveillance of Activist Anthropologists and Anthropological Intelligence: The Deployment and Neglect of American Anthropology in the Second World War. He is a member of the Network of Concerned Anthropologists and teaches at St. Martin's College in Lacey, Washington.

Military Review

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 828 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Military Review by :

Download or read book Military Review written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 828 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Professional Journal of the United States Army

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1164 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis Professional Journal of the United States Army by :

Download or read book Professional Journal of the United States Army written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 1164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Human Terrain System

Author : Christopher Sims
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 : 9781688160842
Total Pages : 522 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis The Human Terrain System by : Christopher Sims

Download or read book The Human Terrain System written by Christopher Sims and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2015-12-11 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Human Terrain System embedded civilians primarily in brigade combat teams (BCTs) in Iraq and Afghanistan between 2007 and 2014 to act as a collection and dispersal mechanism for sociocultural comprehension. Set against the backdrop of the program's evolution, the experiences of these social scientists clarifies the U.S. Army's decision to integrate social scientists at the tactical level in conflict. Based on interviews, program documents, material from Freedom of Information Act requests, and secondary sources, this book finds a series of limiting factors inhibiting social science research at the tactical level, common to both Iraq and Afghanistan. Complexity in integrating civilians into the military decisionmaking cycle, creating timely research with a high level of fidelity, and making granular research resonate with brigade staff all contributed to inhibiting the overall effect of the Human Terrain System. Yet, while high operational tempo in contested spaces complicates social science research at the tactical level, the author argues that there is a continued requirement for a residual capability to be maintained by the U.S. Army.

Social Science Goes to War

Author : Montgomery McFate
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190216727
Total Pages : 398 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Science Goes to War by : Montgomery McFate

Download or read book Social Science Goes to War written by Montgomery McFate and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Human Terrain System (HTS) was catapulted into existence in 2006 by the US military's urgent need for knowledge of the human dimension of the battlespace in Iraq and Afghanistan. Its centrepiece was embedded groups of mixed military and civilian personnel, known as Human Terrain Teams (HTTs), whose mission was to conduct social science research and analysis and to advise military commanders about the local population. Bringing social science - and actual social scientists - to the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan was bold and challenging. Despite the controversy over HTS among scholars, there is little good, reliable source material written by those with experience of HTS or about the actual work carried out by teams in theatre. This volume goes beyond the anecdotes, snippets and blogs to provide a comprehensive, objective and detailed view of HTS. The contributors put the program in historical context, discuss the obstacles it faced, analyse its successes, and detail the work of the teams downrange. Most importantly, they capture some of the diverse lived experience of HTS scholars and practitioners drawn from an eclectic array of the social sciences.