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Author : Robert Leonard McNeill
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (3 download)
Download or read book The United States and Self-government for Puerto Rico, 1898-1952 written by Robert Leonard McNeill and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. Department of State. Division of Historical Policy Research
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (141 download)
Download or read book Development of United States Policy Toward Self-government in Puerto Rico, 1898-1947 written by United States. Department of State. Division of Historical Policy Research and published by . This book was released on 1947 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Alfredo Montalvo-Barbot
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Political Conflict and Constitutional Change in Puerto Rico, 1898-1952 written by Alfredo Montalvo-Barbot and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The analysis of the constitutional development of Puerto Rico has been dominated by two major perspectives: political gradualism and classical colonialism. Gradualist analysis suggests that the constitutional development of Puerto Rico followed a pattern of gradual progression toward the goal of increasing self-government. A variant of this approach views the creation of particular constitutional laws for Puerto Rico as the result of United States experimentation in colonial policy-making. The classical colonialism approach presents the Puerto Rican constitutional laws as instruments of economic and military exploitation of Puerto Rico. Both approaches oversimplify the social complexity of those involved in the creation of constitutional laws. This book provides an alternative view which recognizes the role of social conflicts and social contradictions in the development of the constitutional laws of Puerto Rico.
Author : Edward J. Berbusse
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 0807872970
Total Pages : 381 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)
Download or read book The United States in Puerto Rico, 1898-1900 written by Edward J. Berbusse and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2017-11-01 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through a close examination of the United States military governments established in Puerto Rico, and with careful attention to the important Foraker Act of 1900, the author presents in detail the results of Puerto Rico's transition from the old world to the new. Originally published in 1966. A UNC Press Enduring Edition -- UNC Press Enduring Editions use the latest in digital technology to make available again books from our distinguished backlist that were previously out of print. These editions are published unaltered from the original, and are presented in affordable paperback formats, bringing readers both historical and cultural value.
Author : Rafael Hernández Colón
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)
Download or read book Mandate of the People of Puerto Rico: Maximum Self-government Within Permanent Union with the United States of America written by Rafael Hernández Colón and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Approving Puerto Rico Rican Constitution ... written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Surendra Bhana
Publisher : University Press of Kansas
ISBN 13 : 9780700631391
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (313 download)
Download or read book The United States and the Development of the Puerto Rican Status Question, 1936-1968 written by Surendra Bhana and published by University Press of Kansas. This book was released on 2021-10-08 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study traces the evolution of political status in Puerto Rico from 1936 to 1968, with special emphasis on the events that led to the creation of the Commonwealth in 1952. No other work published in English has dealt with the Puerto Rican status question in such detail. The central problem in the status debate has been: how to strike a happy balance between Puerto Rico's economic needs, which could be filled through uninterrupted association with the United States, and the cultural divergence between the mainland and the island. Bringing together new and significant information drawn from government records and personal papers of U.S. officials, this book will be of interest to all serious students of Puerto Rican affairs, as well as to U.S. and Puerto Rican government and political leaders.
Author : Guillermo González Román M.D.
Publisher : Xlibris Corporation
ISBN 13 : 1669834352
Total Pages : 133 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (698 download)
Download or read book Puerto Rico and Ukraine from a Bird Two Wings- Self Political Determination Missing written by Guillermo González Román M.D. and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2022-06-16 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is written from my perspective as a psychiatrist in relation to my experiences of being an American born in Puerto Rico. This may sound cognitively dissonant but is not. There are fundamental differences between being an American and an American born in PR. The intentions for this book are to denounce the hoax of the century in USA- that the Puerto Ricans govern Puerto Rico. Puerto Rico has no sovereignty of its own. Since 1898, PR has been governed by the US Congress and the President of the USA. With the Foraker Act of 1900, we were ordered to organize ourselves in a limited version of a republican type of government, with only one chamber and a governor appointed by the President of the USA. This civil government would replace the military government present since the invasion of our lands. With the Jones- Shafroth Act of 1917 we became American citizens, and the new government was going to have two chambers - Senate, and House of Representatives. The Act made it clear that the US has full control in matters of the economy, immigration, defense, and the type of government for us in PR. Government organization was designed by the USA and not by us. Even our famous Commonwealth Constitution was ordered from the US Congress and was modified at their will without consent of the Puerto Ricans. Until 1952, PR was on the list of colonies of the United Nations Decolonization Committee. The people of PR were allowed to elect a governor in 1948 for the first time since total control of the US. We were ordered to write a constitution subordinated to the US Constitution, as approved by Congress, and this act was presented to the United Nation as a proof of self government. It proved unnecessary supervision by the UN- they considered it a domestic manner and not an international matter; it seems that they forgot the Treaty of Paris. The US ambassador asked for PR to be stricken from the list of colonies and for the requirements to present reports for the decolonization and self government development. We have never had full self government and much less self determined government. This hoax has led many to believe that PR is a Latin American nation. We are a non incorporated territory that belongs to but is not part of the federation of states government. As a territory that belongs to the USA, they discriminated regarding which rights of their constitution extends to us. For the past five years, a board of seven members designated by the President and the House and the Senate of the USA has superseded our elected officials. And they have the discretion and the power to change whatever they feel necessary, including the constitution, so we can pay the debt with Wall Street. Seven Americans, not Puerto Ricans, have the full control of our monies. Where is the self government? Maybe it never existed and was just the hoax of the century for the US government.
Author : Keith Bea
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 47 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (639 download)
Download or read book Political Status of Puerto Rico written by Keith Bea and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : María del Pilar Argüelles
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)
Download or read book Morality and Power written by María del Pilar Argüelles and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book endeavors to explore the national purpose of the United States and of Puerto Rico. The author studies Puerto Rico from the time of 1898 to the late 1940's. She looks at the doctrine of national self-determination while analyzing the effects of colonialism in Puerto Rico at a time when worldwide decolonization prevailed. The author also investigates the hypocrisy of the United States' 'commitment' to democratic rule and its position as a colonial power. Research methods include the study of relationships between policymakers in the U.S. and Puerto Rico, and the analysis of political pressures and ideologies. The author also makes use of interpretive literature in order to further explore decolonization, national self-determination, and the role of the United States in the international system. This study of morality and politics will enlighten and educate students of nationalism, politics, and international relations.
Author : Guillermo González Román
Publisher : Xlibris Us
ISBN 13 : 9781669834366
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (343 download)
Download or read book Puerto Rico and Ukraine from a Bird Two Wings- Self Political Determination Missing written by Guillermo González Román and published by Xlibris Us. This book was released on 2022-06-16 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is written from my perspective as a psychiatrist in relation to my experiences of being an American born in Puerto Rico. This may sound cognitively dissonant but is not. There are fundamental differences between being an American and an American born in PR. The intentions for this book are to denounce the hoax of the century in USA- that the Puerto Ricans govern Puerto Rico. Puerto Rico has no sovereignty of its own. Since 1898, PR has been governed by the US Congress and the President of the USA. With the Foraker Act of 1900, we were ordered to organize ourselves in a limited version of a republican type of government, with only one chamber and a governor appointed by the President of the USA. This civil government would replace the military government present since the invasion of our lands. With the Jones- Shafroth Act of 1917 we became American citizens, and the new government was going to have two chambers - Senate, and House of Representatives. The Act made it clear that the US has full control in matters of the economy, immigration, defense, and the type of government for us in PR. Government organization was designed by the USA and not by us. Even our famous Commonwealth Constitution was ordered from the US Congress and was modified at their will without consent of the Puerto Ricans. Until 1952, PR was on the list of colonies of the United Nations Decolonization Committee. The people of PR were allowed to elect a governor in 1948 for the first time since total control of the US. We were ordered to write a constitution subordinated to the US Constitution, as approved by Congress, and this act was presented to the United Nation as a proof of self government. It proved unnecessary supervision by the UN- they considered it a domestic manner and not an international matter; it seems that they forgot the Treaty of Paris. The US ambassador asked for PR to be stricken from the list of colonies and for the requirements to present reports for the decolonization and self government development. We have never had full self government and much less self determined government. This hoax has led many to believe that PR is a Latin American nation. We are a non incorporated territory that belongs to but is not part of the federation of states government. As a territory that belongs to the USA, they discriminated regarding which rights of their constitution extends to us. For the past five years, a board of seven members designated by the President and the House and the Senate of the USA has superseded our elected officials. And they have the discretion and the power to change whatever they feel necessary, including the constitution, so we can pay the debt with Wall Street. Seven Americans, not Puerto Ricans, have the full control of our monies. Where is the self government? Maybe it never existed and was just the hoax of the century for the US government.
Author : James O. Erhard
Publisher : Nova Biomedical Books
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Political Status of Puerto Rico written by James O. Erhard and published by Nova Biomedical Books. This book was released on 2006 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico has a unique history as a part of the United States. United States suzerainty over Puerto Rico originated with the acquisition of the islands in 1898 after the conclusion of the Spanish-American War. For decades, the federal government administered government operations in Puerto Rico through military liaisons or civilian officials appointed by the President. Legislation enacted by Congress in 1950 (P.L. 81-600) and in 1952 (P.L. 82-447) granted Puerto Rico authority to establish a republican form of local government through a constitution approved by the citizens of Puerto Rico and the Congress in 1952. Puerto Rico remains subject to congressional jurisdiction under the Territorial Clause of the US Constitution. Under this authority, Congress has passed legislation that governs elements of Puerto Rico's relationship to the United States. For example, residents of Puerto Rico hold U.S. citizenship, serve in the military, are represented in the House of Representatives by a Resident Commissioner elected to a four-year term who does not have privileges to vote on the floor of the House, are subject to federal laws and are beneficiaries of federal aid as approved by Congress, do not vote in national elections, and pay no federal income tax. While these and other aspects of the relationship of Puerto Rico to the United States are matters of record, other elements of the relationship have been and continue to be subject to debate by some officials and analysts. Some contend that the Commonwealth has a special status outside the Territorial Clause that derives from 1950 legislation 'in the nature of a compact' agreed to by the people of Puerto Rico and Congress, as well as from declarations made to the United Nations in the 1950s. Also, certain federal court rulings and statements by past presidents buttress claims to special status. Such advocates contend that the current political status of the Commonwealth, perhaps with enhancements, remains a viable option for the future. Others argue that the commonwealth status is (or should be) only a temporary fix to a problem to be resolved in favour of other permanent non-colonial and non-territorial solutions -- either statehood or independence as a foreign nation, the latter possibly negotiated with formal ties in certain policy areas. For many years, some Members of Congress, elected representatives of Puerto Rico, federal administration officials, and interested members of the public have discussed options for reconsidering the political status of Puerto Rico. Legislation recently passed by the Puerto Rican legislature may be one factor that initiates renewed congressional attention on the political status issue. A White House task force is expected to release a report in 2005 that may serve as another catalyst for change. This book provides background information on the political status of the commonwealth and congressional actions taken over the past two decades.
Author : Jorge Duany
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190648694
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)
Download or read book Puerto Rico written by Jorge Duany and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acquired by the United States from Spain in 1898, Puerto Rico has a peculiar status among Latin American and Caribbean countries. As a Commonwealth, the island enjoys limited autonomy over local matters, but the U.S. has dominated it militarily, politically, and economically for much of its recent history. Though they are U.S. citizens, Puerto Ricans do not have their own voting representatives in Congress and cannot vote in presidential elections (although they are able to participate in the primaries). The island's status is a topic of perennial debate, both within and beyond its shores. In recent months its colossal public debt has sparked an economic crisis that has catapulted it onto the national stage and intensified the exodus to the U.S., bringing to the fore many of the unresolved remnants of its colonial history. Puerto Rico: What Everyone Needs to Know(R) provides a succinct, authoritative introduction to the Island's rich history, culture, politics, and economy. The book begins with a historical overview of Puerto Rico during the Spanish colonial period (1493-1898). It then focuses on the first five decades of the U.S. colonial regime, particularly its efforts to control local, political, and economic institutions as well as to "Americanize" the Island's culture and language. Jorge Duany delves into the demographic, economic, political, and cultural features of contemporary Puerto Rico-the inner workings of the Commonwealth government and the island's relationship to the United States. Lastly, the book explores the massive population displacement that has characterized Puerto Rico since the mid-20th century. Despite their ongoing colonial dilemma, Jorge Duany argues that Puerto Ricans display a strong national identity as a Spanish-speaking, Afro-Hispanic-Caribbean nation. While a popular tourist destination, few beyond its shores are familiar with its complex history and diverse culture. Duany takes on the task of educating readers on the most important facets of the unique, troubled, but much beloved isla del encanto.
Author : Solsiree del Moral
Publisher : University of Wisconsin Pres
ISBN 13 : 0299289338
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (992 download)
Download or read book Negotiating Empire written by Solsiree del Moral and published by University of Wisconsin Pres. This book was released on 2013-03-15 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the United States invaded Puerto Rico in 1898, the new unincorporated territory sought to define its future. Seeking to shape the next generation and generate popular support for colonial rule, U.S. officials looked to education as a key venue for promoting the benefits of Americanization. At the same time, public schools became a site where Puerto Rican teachers, parents, and students could formulate and advance their own projects for building citizenship. In Negotiating Empire, Solsiree del Moral demonstrates how these colonial intermediaries aimed for regeneration and progress through education. Rather than seeing U.S. empire in Puerto Rico during this period as a contest between two sharply polarized groups, del Moral views their interaction as a process of negotiation. Although educators and families rejected some tenets of Americanization, such as English-language instruction, they also redefined and appropriated others to their benefit to increase literacy and skills required for better occupations and social mobility. Pushing their citizenship-building vision through the schools, Puerto Ricans negotiated a different school project—one that was reformist yet radical, modern yet traditional, colonial yet nationalist.
Author : Christina Duffy Burnett
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822381168
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)
Download or read book Foreign in a Domestic Sense written by Christina Duffy Burnett and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2001-07-20 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this groundbreaking study of American imperialism, leading legal scholars address the problem of the U.S. territories. Foreign in a Domestic Sense will redefine the boundaries of constitutional scholarship. More than four million U.S. citizens currently live in five “unincorporated” U.S. territories. The inhabitants of these vestiges of an American empire are denied full representation in Congress and cannot vote in presidential elections. Focusing on Puerto Rico, the largest and most populous of the territories, Foreign in a Domestic Sense sheds much-needed light on the United States’ unfinished colonial experiment and its legacy of racially rooted imperialism, while insisting on the centrality of these “marginal” regions in any serious treatment of American constitutional history. For one hundred years, Puerto Ricans have struggled to define their place in a nation that neither wants them nor wants to let them go. They are caught in a debate too politicized to yield meaningful answers. Meanwhile, doubts concerning the constitutionality of keeping colonies have languished on the margins of mainstream scholarship, overlooked by scholars outside the island and ignored by the nation at large. This book does more than simply fill a glaring omission in the study of race, cultural identity, and the Constitution; it also makes a crucial contribution to the study of American federalism, serves as a foundation for substantive debate on Puerto Rico’s status, and meets an urgent need for dialogue on territorial status between the mainlandd and the territories. Contributors. José Julián Álvarez González, Roberto Aponte Toro, Christina Duffy Burnett, José A. Cabranes, Sanford Levinson, Burke Marshall, Gerald L. Neuman, Angel R. Oquendo, Juan Perea, Efrén Rivera Ramos, Rogers M. Smith, E. Robert Statham Jr., Brook Thomas, Richard Thornburgh, Juan R. Torruella, José Trías Monge, Mark Tushnet, Mark Weiner
Author : Jorge Duany
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 9780197782149
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (821 download)
Download or read book Puerto Rico written by Jorge Duany and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Puerto Rico has a peculiar status among Latin American and Caribbean countries because of its dependence on the United States. On July 25, 1898, the United States invaded the Island during the Spanish-Cuban-American War of 1898, and has since dominated the Island militarily, politically, and economically. In 1901, the US Supreme Court defined Puerto Rico as "foreign to the United States in a domestic sense" because it was neither a state of the union nor an independent sovereign republic. Congress granted US citizenship to all residents of Puerto Rico in 1917, but the Island remained an unincorporated territory of the United States. Puerto Rico became a US Commonwealth (or Estado Libre Asociado, in Spanish) in 1952, while the US federal government retained jurisdiction in most state affairs. Although Puerto Rico has a resident commissioner in the US Congress, it has no voting representatives and Puerto Ricans living on the Island cannot vote for the US president or vice president. Today, the Island's electorate is still almost evenly split between supporting Commonwealth status and becoming a the fifty-first 51st state of the American union; only a small minority advocates independence. US culture pervades the Island, from the influence of the English language on the Spanish vernacular to the homegrown varieties of Pentecostal churches and the proliferation of fast-food restaurants. Puerto Rico currently maintains colonial ties with the United States-as evidenced, for instance, in its reliancedependence on massive transfer payments from the federal government and its colossal public debt to US creditors. In some respects, however, the Island does not fit the standard image of colonial societies such as the British and French overseas possessions before World War II. Contemporary Puerto Rico enjoys a greater degree of self-government than most classic colonies. The Island combines conventional elements of colonial rule with political autonomy (though restricted by the imposition of a fiscal oversight board since 2016), a relatively high standard of living (undermined by a long economic recession beginning in 2006), and a strong national culture (as expressed, for example, in the retention of the Spanish language as the primary means of communication on the Island). Puerto Rico may well be considered a "postcolonial colony" in the sense of a people with a tenacious persistent national identity but little desire for a nation-state, living in a territory that legally "belongs to but is not a part of the United States.""--
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (932 download)
Download or read book The Applicability of the United States Constitution to the Unincorporated Territory of Puerto Rico (1898-1952) written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
