The Tragedy Of Bleiburg And Viktring 1945

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The Tragedy of Bleiburg and Viktring, 1945

Author : Florian Rulitz
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 150175663X
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Tragedy of Bleiburg and Viktring, 1945 by : Florian Rulitz

Download or read book The Tragedy of Bleiburg and Viktring, 1945 written by Florian Rulitz and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-07 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The atrocities and mass murders committed by Josip Broz Tito's Partisan units of the Yugoslav Army immediately after the Second World War had no place in the conscience of Socialist Yugoslavia. More than once, the annual Croatian commemoration of the Bleiburg victims was subject to attacks carried out by the socialist Yugoslav state. Abroad in the West, on Austrian soil, the Yugoslav secret service (UDBA) did not shy away from murdering the protagonist of the Croatian memory culture, Nicola Martinovic, as late as 1975. The official history was aligned with a firm interpretational paradigm that called for a glorification of the anti-fascist "people's liberation resistance." With the breakup of Yugoslavia and its socialist regime in 1991, the identity-establishing accounts of contemporary witnesses, which had mainly been cherished in exile circles abroad, increasingly reached public awareness in Croatia and Slovenia. In the 1990s Croatia witnessed the emergence of a memory that had been suppressed by the socialist-Yugoslav regime—namely the Bleiburg tragedy. The situation in Slovenia was similar in terms of identity and remembrance culture. Among the Slovenes, the communist crimes committed during the turmoil are known as the drama of Viktring or the Viktring tragedy, named after the largest refugee camp of the Slovenes. Reports on the communist postwar crimes and on the countless discoveries of mass gravesites have also begun circulating in the media of the German-speaking world in the last few years. Florian Rulitz's meticulously researched book, now available for the first time in English, provides a corrective to the historical memory that had been previously accepted as truth. Rulitz focuses on two essential questions. First, did the so-called "final encirclement battles" indeed occur in Carinthia in the Ferlach/Hollenburg/Viktring and Dravograd/Poljana/Bleiburg areas, resulting in military victories for the Yugoslav Army? Second, were the battles after the capitulation fought by the refugees with the aim of reaching the British-controlled areas in Carinthia? To answer these questions, Rulitz presents a detailed reconstruction of those days in May 1945. He furthermore considers the question of the murders on Austrian territory, which were hushed up in Partisan literature and presented as casualties of the final military operations. This groundbreaking study will interest scholars and students of modern European history.

German-Balkan Entangled Histories in the Twentieth Century

Author : Christopher A. Molnar
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN 13 : 0822987910
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (229 download)

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Book Synopsis German-Balkan Entangled Histories in the Twentieth Century by : Christopher A. Molnar

Download or read book German-Balkan Entangled Histories in the Twentieth Century written by Christopher A. Molnar and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 2020-10-20 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together a diverse group of scholars from North America and Europe to explore the history and memory of Germany’s fateful push for power in the Balkans during the era of the two world wars and the long postwar period. Each chapter focuses on one or more of four interrelated themes: war, empire, (forced) migration, and memory. The first section, “War and Empire in the Balkans,” explores Germany’s quest for empire in Southeast Europe during the first half of the century, a goal that was pursued by economic and military means. The book’s second section, “Aftershocks and Memories of War,” focuses on entangled German-Balkan histories that were shaped by, or a direct legacy of, Germany’s exceptionally destructive push for power in Southeast Europe during World War II. German-Balkan Entangled Histories in the Twentieth Century expands and enriches the neglected topic of Germany’s continued entanglements with the Balkans in the era of the world wars, the Cold War, and today.

Historical Dictionary of Slovenia

Author : Leopoldina Plut-Pregelj
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538111063
Total Pages : 746 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis Historical Dictionary of Slovenia by : Leopoldina Plut-Pregelj

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of Slovenia written by Leopoldina Plut-Pregelj and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2018-02-22 with total page 746 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The expanded third edition of the Historical Dictionary of Slovenia covers personalities and events that have made a mark on Slovenia in the more than a decade since the last edition. This includes new entries related to Slovenia’s first 13 years as a member of NATO and the EU, changing diplomatic relations with its neighbors and other global states and institutions, a new crop of politicians who have upended the political status quo, entries related to Slovenia’s worst 21st century recession (2008-2013), nationwide protests against corruption, and many other developments. This third edition of Historical Dictionary of Slovenia contains a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 500 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Slovenia.

Memory, Politics, and Yugoslav Migrations to Postwar Germany

Author : Christopher A. Molnar
Publisher : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 : 0253037743
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis Memory, Politics, and Yugoslav Migrations to Postwar Germany by : Christopher A. Molnar

Download or read book Memory, Politics, and Yugoslav Migrations to Postwar Germany written by Christopher A. Molnar and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-11 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This historical study “persuasively links the reception of Yugoslav migrants to West Germany’s shifting relationship to the Nazi past . . . essential reading” (Tara Zahra, author of The Great Departure). During Europe’s 2015 refugee crisis, more than a hundred thousand asylum seekers from the western Balkans sought refuge in Germany. This was nothing new, however. Immigrants from the Balkans have streamed into West Germany in massive numbers since the end of the Second World War. In fact, Yugoslavs became the country’s second largest immigrant group. Yet their impact has received little critical attention until now. Memory, Politics, and Yugoslav Migrations to Postwar Germany tells the story of how Germans received the many thousands of Yugoslavs who migrated to Germany as political emigres, labor migrants, asylum seekers, and war refugees from 1945 to the mid-1990s. With a particular focus on German policies and attitudes toward immigrants, Christopher Molnar argues that considerations of race played only a marginal role in German attitudes and policies towards Yugoslavs. Rather, the history of Yugoslavs in postwar Germany was most profoundly shaped by the memory of World War II and the shifting Cold War context. Molnar shows how immigration was a central aspect of how Germany negotiated the meaning and legacy of the war.

Memory Politics and Populism in Southeastern Europe

Author : Jody Jensen
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000378853
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Memory Politics and Populism in Southeastern Europe by : Jody Jensen

Download or read book Memory Politics and Populism in Southeastern Europe written by Jody Jensen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-07-29 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the politics of memory in Southeastern Europe in the context of rising populisms and their hegemonic grip on official memory and politics. It speaks to the increased political, media and academic attention paid to the rise of discontent, frustration and cultural resistance from below across the European continent and the world. In order to demonstrate the complexities of these processes, the volume transcends disciplinary boundaries to explore memory politics, examining the interconnections between memory and populism. It shows how memory politics has become one of the most important fields of symbolic struggle in the contemporary process of "meaning-making," providing space for actors, movements and other mnemonic entrepreneurs who challenge and point to incoherencies in the official narratives of memory and forgetting. Charting the contemporary rise of populist movements, the volume will be of particular interest to regional specialists in Southeastern Europe, Balkan and postcommunist studies, as well as researchers, activists, policy-makers and politicians at the national and EU levels and academics in the fields of political science, sociology, history, cultural heritage and management, conflict and peace studies.

War and the Historic Environment

Author : Michael Dawson
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1040092950
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis War and the Historic Environment by : Michael Dawson

Download or read book War and the Historic Environment written by Michael Dawson and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-07-19 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores how societies deal with the effects of war on the historic environment. Written by historians, archaeologists, and conservation professionals, it offers a dramatic perspective on the war in Ukraine. It reveals the truth behind the Kremlin’s ‘just war’ narrative and touches on the complex relationship between war, society and the historic environment with examples of heritage conservation, archaeology and political expediency from Europe to Namibia. Prompted by the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, the first section ‘Frontline Ukraine’ examines the manipulation of history, the use of propaganda, and the decolonisation of Russian memorials in former Soviet states. It highlights how illegal archaeological excavations, looting and the removal of museum collections beginning from seizure of Crimea in 2014 until the present day have contributed to an increasingly implausible Russian narrative which attempts to represent an imperial land grab as a ‘just war’. In the second section ‘Aspects of War’, the authors provide a wider perspective, with chapters on the influence of film, the effect of war on conservation, forensic archaeology, the reconstruction of damaged or destroyed museums as well as the relationship between America and the Hague Convention. Topical and lucid, this volume will be beneficial to students and researchers of history, archaeology, politics and international relations. The chapters in this book were originally published in The Historic Environment: Policy & Practice and are accompanied by an updated introduction and a new conclusion.

Revisions and Dissents

Author : Paul Gottfried
Publisher : Northern Illinois University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501757490
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Revisions and Dissents by : Paul Gottfried

Download or read book Revisions and Dissents written by Paul Gottfried and published by Northern Illinois University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-15 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Framing the Nation and Collective Identities

Author : Vjeran Pavlaković
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351381784
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Framing the Nation and Collective Identities by : Vjeran Pavlaković

Download or read book Framing the Nation and Collective Identities written by Vjeran Pavlaković and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-05-01 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes top-down and bottom-up strategies of framing the nation and collective identities through commemorative practices relating to events from the Second World War and the 1990s "Homeland War" in Croatia. With attention to media representations of commemorative events and opinion poll data, it draws on interviews and participant observation at commemorative events to focus on the speeches of political elites, together with the speeches of opposition politicians and other social actors (such as the Catholic Church, anti-fascist organizations and war veterans’ and victims’ organizations) who challenge official narratives. Offering innovative approaches to researching and analyzing commemorative practices in post-conflict societies, this examination of a nation’s transition from a Yugoslav republic to an independent state – and now the newest member of the European Union – constitutes a unique case study for scholars of cultural memory and identity politics interested in the production and representation of national identities in official narratives.

Genocidal Nightmares

Author : Abdelwahab El-Affendi
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 1501320238
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Genocidal Nightmares by : Abdelwahab El-Affendi

Download or read book Genocidal Nightmares written by Abdelwahab El-Affendi and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2016-07-28 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a novel and productive explanation of why 'ordinary' people can be moved to engage in destructive mass violence (or terrorism and the abuse of rights), often in large numbers and in unexpected ways. Its argument is that narratives of insecurity (powerful horror stories people tell and believe about their world and others) can easily make extreme acts appear acceptable, even necessary and heroic. As in action or horror movies, the script dictates how the 'hero' acts. The book provides theoretical justifications for this analysis, building on earlier studies but going beyond them in what amount to a breakthrough in mapping the context of mass violence. It backs its argument with a large number of case studies covering four continents, written by prominent scholars from the relevant countries or with deep knowledge of them. A substantial introduction by the UN's Special Advisor on the Prevention of Genocide demonstrates the policy relevance of this path-breaking work.

Croatia Press

Author : Karlo Mirth
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 630 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Croatia Press by : Karlo Mirth

Download or read book Croatia Press written by Karlo Mirth and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Minister and the Massacres

Author : Nikolai Tolstoy
Publisher : Vintage
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Minister and the Massacres by : Nikolai Tolstoy

Download or read book The Minister and the Massacres written by Nikolai Tolstoy and published by Vintage. This book was released on 1986 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: About Robert Knight's review of Nikolai Tolstoy's "The Minister and the massacres".

A History of Yugoslavia

Author : Marie-Janine Calic
Publisher : Purdue University Press
ISBN 13 : 1612495648
Total Pages : 443 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (124 download)

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Book Synopsis A History of Yugoslavia by : Marie-Janine Calic

Download or read book A History of Yugoslavia written by Marie-Janine Calic and published by Purdue University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-15 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why did Yugoslavia fall apart? Was its violent demise inevitable? Did its population simply fall victim to the lure of nationalism? How did this multinational state survive for so long, and where do we situate the short life of Yugoslavia in the long history of Europe in the twentieth century? A History of Yugoslavia provides a concise, accessible, comprehensive synthesis of the political, cultural, social, and economic life of Yugoslavia—from its nineteenth-century South Slavic origins to the bloody demise of the multinational state of Yugoslavia in the 1990s. Calic takes a fresh and innovative look at the colorful, multifaceted, and complex history of Yugoslavia, emphasizing major social, economic, and intellectual changes from the turn of the twentieth century and the transition to modern industrialized mass society. She traces the origins of ethnic, religious, and cultural divisions, applying the latest social science approaches, and drawing on the breadth of recent state-of-the-art literature, to present a balanced interpretation of events that takes into account the differing perceptions and interests of the actors involved. Uniquely, Calic frames the history of Yugoslavia for readers as an essentially open-ended process, undertaken from a variety of different regional perspectives with varied composite agenda. She shuns traditional, deterministic explanations that notorious Balkan hatreds or any other kind of exceptionalism are to blame for Yugoslavia’s demise, and along the way she highlights the agency of twentieth-century modern mass society in the politicization of differences. While analyzing nuanced political and social-economic processes, Calic describes the experiences and emotions of ordinary people in a vivid way. As a result, her groundbreaking work provides scholars and learned readers alike with an accessible, trenchant, and authoritative introduction to Yugoslavia's complex history.

In Tito’s Death Marches

Author : Joseph Hecimovic
Publisher : Pickle Partners Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1789127408
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis In Tito’s Death Marches by : Joseph Hecimovic

Download or read book In Tito’s Death Marches written by Joseph Hecimovic and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2018-12-02 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Tito’s Death Marches is an eyewitness account of the Croatian war prisoners and civilians following World War II. This volume by Captain Hecimovic assembles the major pieces of an evil conspiracy worked against the Croatian nation in the immediate aftermath of World War II. It introduces the discerning reader to the political realities of Yugoslavia before, during, and after World War II. Its major vehicles of insight are the tragedies which befell the Croatian people whose only “crime” was an insatiable desire for national identity and independence.

To Walk with the Devil

Author : Gregor Joseph Kranjc
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 1442613300
Total Pages : 345 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis To Walk with the Devil by : Gregor Joseph Kranjc

Download or read book To Walk with the Devil written by Gregor Joseph Kranjc and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining archival material and post-war scholarly and popular literature, Kranjc describes the often sharp divide between Communist-era interpretations of collaboration and those of their émigré anti-Communist opponents.

Jugoslavija Genocid

Author : Ante Beljo
Publisher : Sudbury : Northern Tribune Pub.
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 752 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Jugoslavija Genocid by : Ante Beljo

Download or read book Jugoslavija Genocid written by Ante Beljo and published by Sudbury : Northern Tribune Pub.. This book was released on 1985 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Savage Continent

Author : Keith Lowe
Publisher : St. Martin's Press
ISBN 13 : 1250015049
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Savage Continent by : Keith Lowe

Download or read book Savage Continent written by Keith Lowe and published by St. Martin's Press. This book was released on 2012-07-03 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Second World War might have officially ended in May 1945, but in reality it rumbled on for another ten years... The end of the Second World War in Europe is one of the twentieth century's most iconic moments. It is fondly remembered as a time when cheering crowds filled the streets, danced, drank and made love until the small hours. These images of victory and celebration are so strong in our minds that the period of anarchy and civil war that followed has been forgotten. Across Europe, landscapes had been ravaged, entire cities razed and more than thirty million people had been killed in the war. The institutions that we now take for granted - such as the police, the media, transport, local and national government - were either entirely absent or hopelessly compromised. Crime rates were soaring, economies collapsing, and the European population was hovering on the brink of starvation. In Savage Continent, Keith Lowe describes a continent still racked by violence, where large sections of the population had yet to accept that the war was over. Individuals, communities and sometimes whole nations sought vengeance for the wrongs that had been done to them during the war. Germans and collaborators everywhere were rounded up, tormented and summarily executed. Concentration camps were reopened and filled with new victims who were tortured and starved. Violent anti-Semitism was reborn, sparking murders and new pogroms across Europe. Massacres were an integral part of the chaos and in some places – particularly Greece, Yugoslavia and Poland, as well as parts of Italy and France – they led to brutal civil wars. In some of the greatest acts of ethnic cleansing the world has ever seen, tens of millions were expelled from their ancestral homelands, often with the implicit blessing of the Allied authorities. Savage Continent is the story of post WWII Europe, in all its ugly detail, from the end of the war right up until the establishment of an uneasy stability across Europe towards the end of the 1940s. Based principally on primary sources from a dozen countries, Savage Continent is a frightening and thrilling chronicle of a world gone mad, the standard history of post WWII Europe for years to come.

1941: The Year That Keeps Returning

Author : Slavko Goldstein
Publisher : New York Review of Books
ISBN 13 : 1590177002
Total Pages : 622 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis 1941: The Year That Keeps Returning by : Slavko Goldstein

Download or read book 1941: The Year That Keeps Returning written by Slavko Goldstein and published by New York Review of Books. This book was released on 2013-11-05 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A New York Review Books Original The distinguished Croatian journalist and publisher Slavko Goldstein says, “Writing this book about my family, I have tried not to separate what happened to us from the fates of many other people and of an entire country.” 1941: The Year That Keeps Returning is Goldstein’s astonishing historical memoir of that fateful year—when the Ustasha, the pro-fascist nationalists, were brought to power in Croatia by the Nazi occupiers of Yugoslavia. On April 10, when the German troops marched into Zagreb, the Croatian capital, they were greeted as liberators by the Croats. Three days later, Ante Pavelić, the future leader of the Independent State of Croatia, returned from exile in Italy and Goldstein’s father, the proprietor of a leftist bookstore in Karlovac—a beautiful old city fifty miles from the capital—was arrested along with other local Serbs, communists, and Yugoslav sympathizers. Goldstein was only thirteen years old, and he would never see his father again. More than fifty years later, Goldstein seeks to piece together the facts of his father’s last days. The moving narrative threads stories of family, friends, and other ordinary people who lived through those dark times together with personal memories and an impressive depth of carefully researched historic details. The other central figure in Goldstein’s heartrending tale is his mother—a strong, resourceful woman who understands how to act decisively in a time of terror in order to keep her family alive. From 1941 through 1945 some 32,000 Jews, 40,000 Gypsies, and 350,000 Serbs were slaughtered in Croatia. It is a period in history that is often forgotten, purged, or erased from the history books, which makes Goldstein’s vivid, carefully balanced account so important for us today—for the same atrocities returned to Croatia and Bosnia in the 1990s. And yet Goldstein’s story isn’t confined by geographical boundaries as it speaks to the dangers and madness of ethnic hatred all over the world and the urgent need for mutual understanding.