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The Temporal And Spatial Relationship Between Phosphorus And Nitrogen Concentrations Algal Growth And Nutrient Sources In The Meduxnekeag River Watershed
Download The Temporal And Spatial Relationship Between Phosphorus And Nitrogen Concentrations Algal Growth And Nutrient Sources In The Meduxnekeag River Watershed full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online The Temporal And Spatial Relationship Between Phosphorus And Nitrogen Concentrations Algal Growth And Nutrient Sources In The Meduxnekeag River Watershed ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis The Temporal and Spatial Relationship Between Phosphorus and Nitrogen Concentrations, Algal Growth, and Nutrient Sources in the Meduxnekeag River Watershed by : Elizabeth A. Fretwell
Download or read book The Temporal and Spatial Relationship Between Phosphorus and Nitrogen Concentrations, Algal Growth, and Nutrient Sources in the Meduxnekeag River Watershed written by Elizabeth A. Fretwell and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Relation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Ground Water to Land Use in Four Subunits of the Potomac River Basin by : Scott W. Ator
Download or read book Relation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Ground Water to Land Use in Four Subunits of the Potomac River Basin written by Scott W. Ator and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Water by : United States. Division of Water Supply and Pollution Control
Download or read book Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Water written by United States. Division of Water Supply and Pollution Control and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Water Quality, Hydrology, and the Effects of Changes in Phosphorus Loading to Pike Lake, Washington County, Wisconsin, with Special Emphasis on Inlet-to-outlet Short-circuiting by : William J. Rose
Download or read book Water Quality, Hydrology, and the Effects of Changes in Phosphorus Loading to Pike Lake, Washington County, Wisconsin, with Special Emphasis on Inlet-to-outlet Short-circuiting written by William J. Rose and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sources and Transport of Phosphorus and Nitrogen During Low-flow Conditions in the Tualatin River, Oregon, 1991-93 by : Valerie J. Kelly
Download or read book Sources and Transport of Phosphorus and Nitrogen During Low-flow Conditions in the Tualatin River, Oregon, 1991-93 written by Valerie J. Kelly and published by Geological Survey (USGS). This book was released on 1999 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Method Comparison and Stressor-response Experimental Study of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Impacts to Periphyton in Ozark Streams by : Ashley Renee Rodman
Download or read book A Method Comparison and Stressor-response Experimental Study of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Impacts to Periphyton in Ozark Streams written by Ashley Renee Rodman and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stream bioassessment is important for understanding algal-nutrient relationships and the development of scientifically defensible numeric nutrient criteria. However, multiple methods of periphyton data collection are currently used, and little is known about the comparability of resulting datasets. Literature also suggests other factors besides nutrients (i.e. variable grazing, light, and flow) can confound algal-nutrient relationships. A one-year method comparison study and 31-day algal biomass-nutrient manipulative experiment were conducted in the southern Ozarks of Arkansas. The method comparison study was implemented using two common bioassessment procedures (whole-surface and delimiter-reduced periphyton removal) to assess the potential for combining datasets. During the manipulative experiment, cobbles from the Buffalo River Watershed were exposed to a range of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) concentrations during P-only and N + P enrichment periods to evaluate algal biomass responses using recirculating streamside mesocosms. Results of the method comparison study showed no statistical difference between bioassessment procedures for chlorophyll-a (chl-a) and ash-free dry mass (AFDM) (p = 0.123 and p = 0.550, respectively) or any interaction between method and season. Differences in chl-a and AFDM from both methods were detected (p
Book Synopsis Phosphorus in Fresh Water and the Marine Environment by : Samuel Harry Jenkins
Download or read book Phosphorus in Fresh Water and the Marine Environment written by Samuel Harry Jenkins and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1973 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Streams of the Great Miami River Basin, Ohio, 1998-2000 by : David C. Reutter
Download or read book Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Streams of the Great Miami River Basin, Ohio, 1998-2000 written by David C. Reutter and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Chemistry of Phosphate and Nitrogen Compounds in Sediments by : Han L. Golterman
Download or read book The Chemistry of Phosphate and Nitrogen Compounds in Sediments written by Han L. Golterman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the processes behind cycles of the phosphate and nitrogen compounds in sediment and the phosphate equilibria between the sediment and the overlying water. In most waters, excessive concentrations of these compounds causes eutrophication: rapid, choking growth of algae. The chapters of this book probe the chemicals involved in considerable detail, and offer the complete understanding needed to remediate or prevent pollution problems.
Book Synopsis Phosphorus and Nitrogen Cycling in the Mediterranean Sea by : Helen Rebecca Powley
Download or read book Phosphorus and Nitrogen Cycling in the Mediterranean Sea written by Helen Rebecca Powley and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Mediterranean Sea (MS) is an oligotrophic marine basin despite being semi-enclosed with unusually low inorganic phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) concentrations, and high nitrate (NO3):phosphate (PO4) ratios comparative to the global ocean. In addition distinct biogeochemical differences occur between the Western Mediterranean Sea (WMS) and Eastern Mediterranean Sea (EMS). Episodic deposition of organic rich sediments in the EMS indicate that fast changes in biogeochemical cycling within the MS may have occurred in the recent geological past with the development of eutrophic conditions and anoxic deep waters. Currently, close to 430 million people live within the drainage basin of the MS. The pace of population growth, coastal urbanization, land use changes and climate change are increasingly modifying hydrological and biogeochemical cycling within the MS with potential for major ecological consequences. In this thesis, a coupled P and N mass balance model is created with the goal of: (1) understanding the unique biogeochemistry of the MS and (2) delineating how anthropogenic activities and circulation affect P and N cycling and primary productivity within the MS. Anthropogenic inputs to the aquatic systems have dramatically increased since 1950. In Chapter 2, anthropogenic inputs of reactive P and N into the EMS between 1950 and 2000 were reconstructed and applied to a steady state mass balance model for P and N cycling in the EMS. The WMS provided the main source of P and N to the EMS over 1950 to 2000. Reactive P and N inputs increased by a maximum of 24% and 65% respectively over 1950 to 2000 yet primary productivity only increased by 16%. The excess P provided to the EMS after 1950 was largely exported out of the EMS through the Strait of Sicily to the WMS or stored within the deep water, maintaining the oligotrophy of the sea. Direct discharges of domestic wastewater are typically not included in mass balance nutrient models of the MS and were not included in the P and N inputs in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 used an empirical model to determine that P and N inputs from direct domestic wastewater discharges into the MS were on the same order of magnitude as inputs from rivers for the year 2003 and therefore should be included in nutrient budgets for the MS. Population growth, dietary changes and expanded connectivity to sewers were expected to further increase direct wastewater nutrient inputs to the MS in the future, especially in southern and eastern regions of the Mediterranean basin. Regionally targeted upgrades to tertiary wastewater treatment, combined with enhanced wastewater recycling and banning phosphates from laundry and dishwasher detergents, may be the most cost-effective way to prevent the expansion of coastal eutrophication. The Mediterranean region is one of the most sensitive globally to climate change but impact on the thermohaline circulation is uncertain. In Chapter 4, the sensitivity of dissolved oxygen (O2) concentrations to climate change was assessed using a mass balance model of O2 cycling in the MS. To achieve this, a circulation model for the WMS was created and coupled to the pre-existing EMS circulation model. Results show that the MS is unlikely to go hypoxic within the foreseeable future despite large potential changes in the thermohaline circulation. The change in the provision of labile dissolved organic carbon with deep water formation may result in a negative feedback, reducing the effects of climate driven changes in circulation on oxygen consumption. The coupled WMS-EMS circulation model created in Chapter 4 is used to create a mass balance model for P and N cycling in the MS for 1950 (Chapter 5). Direct wastewater and submarine groundwater discharges are included for the first time in a nutrient budget for the MS. The nutrient budgets for both the WMS and EMS are dominated by marine derived inputs. In addition, up to 5 times more marine derived reactive P and N entered the WMS than EMS per unit surface area and this is primary the cause of the west to east differences in biogeochemical properties observed across the MS: land derived inputs are approximately similar per unit surface area between the basins. The high NO3:PO4 deep water ratio of the MS is caused by the high N:P ratio of inputs, in particular atmospheric inputs, together with low denitrification rates. The low NO3:PO4 ratio of the inflow through Gibraltar helps drive the lower N:P ratio in the WMS than EMS. The magnitude and strength of year on year deep water formation within the MS is highly variable and the response of P and N concentrations to inter-annual changes in intermediate water and deep water formation versus that from anthropogenic enrichment is unknown. In Chapter 6, anthropogenic reactive P and N inputs into the MS between 1950 and 2030 were reconstructed and applied to the coupled WMS-EMS steady state P and N model created in Chapter 5. The anthropogenic nutrient signature of the MS is diluted by the dominance of the Atlantic surface water and exchanges across the Straits of Sicily in providing P and N to the WMS and EMS. In addition, the anti-estuarine circulation removes approximately 50% of the anthropogenic nutrients input into the MS by 2030. Consequently, anthropogenic nutrient enrichment cannot be observed in water column dissolved reactive P concentrations over the noise created by inter-annual variability in circulation. Anthropogenic enrichment of dissolved reactive N concentrations may be observed after 1970 for DON and 1990 for NO3. Overall, nutrient inputs into the MS are dominated by laterally sourced marine derived inputs. Thus the MS behaves more like a subtropical gyre than an enclosed marine basin. The important contribution of organic matter in nutrient cycling is highlighted in this thesis with anthropogenic reactive N inputs predicted to accumulate in the DON reservoir. The MS acts as a bioreactor for organic matter cycling, converting organic nutrients to inorganic ones at depth which are then exported out of the basin by the anti-estuarine circulation. Future work should concentrate on understanding the lability of organic matter from input sources to the MS and within the water column of the MS.
Download or read book Phosphorus written by Gayle D. Garman and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Health of Our Water by : D. R. Coote
Download or read book The Health of Our Water written by D. R. Coote and published by Research Branch Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. This book was released on 2000 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a variety of research findings and case studies, this publication provides a broad picture of water quality and quantity in Canada as they are affected by agriculture and as they affect agriculture itself. The first part contains background on the water cycle, water supplies in Canada, agriculture & other rural uses of water, and issues related to water quality. The second part describes what is currently known about the health of Canada's rural surface water and groundwater, and the implications for natural ecosystems. The third part describes responses to the various issues of water quality & quantity, citing farming practices and regulatory tools, among other measures. The final part discusses how the growth of agriculture may be limited by issues related to water and how the future might proceed. Includes glossary.
Book Synopsis Spatial Nutrient Loading and Sources of Phosphorus in the Newnans Lake Watershed by :
Download or read book Spatial Nutrient Loading and Sources of Phosphorus in the Newnans Lake Watershed written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes a two-year project that examined phosphorus loading from the basin.
Book Synopsis Variations in Field-scale Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentrations in Runoff as a Function of Land-use Practice by : William F. James
Download or read book Variations in Field-scale Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentrations in Runoff as a Function of Land-use Practice written by William F. James and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Release, Transport, and Utilization of Phosphorus from Bed-sediments by : James Allen McCarty
Download or read book The Release, Transport, and Utilization of Phosphorus from Bed-sediments written by James Allen McCarty and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eutrophication of surface waters not only impacts the environment but also water treatment processes, the most significant of which is from the effects of algae. During peak algal growth in many southern U.S. reservoirs, inflows that bring nutrients are at an annual minimum, and phosphorus released from bed-sediments is trapped in the hypolimnion. Littoral areas, described as the most productive zone of the lake, may be a possible source of phosphorus that fuels algal growth in the reservoir. I studied an isolated shallow cove in the War Eagle Creek arm of Beaver Lake in Northwest Arkansas to measure, quantify, and model the dynamics and transport of nutrients in littoral zones. A summary of the research problem, the statement of purpose, and associated hypothesis are provided in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 provides an overview of eutrophication as it relates to drinking water treatment, reservoirs, and zones within reservoirs. Also reviewed is the relationship of phosphorus (P) to reservoir eutrophication, internal loading as a source of P, and P cycling and transport within a reservoir. In Chapter 3, I present my study of sediment cores, temperature profiles, and dissolved oxygen (DO) profiles of the cove to determine the redox condition of the water overlying the bed-sediments and the associated sediment P release rates. Phosphorus release rates from bed-sediment incubations were as high as 2.02 mg m-2 d-1 under aerobic conditions and 4.05 mg m-2 d-1 under anaerobic. Variability in bottom DO concentrations of the littoral zone likely contribute to a cycling of aerobic and anaerobic conditions by changing the redox state at the sediment-water interface. When compared to whole-lake P release averages conducted for Beaver Lake, eutrophic coves were a disproportionate source of P within the reservoir, producing 6.5 times more P per unit area. Chapter 4 describes a study of how sediment P release and algal growth in littoral areas are connected. Sediment composition, equilibrium P concentration (EPCo), and aerobic P release rates were characterized for several sites within the cove. Core aerobic P release rates and EPCo both confirmed the release of P under aerobic conditions; however, it appears that algal demand sustained low dissolved P concentrations in the waters of the cove. This created a nutrient cycle where algae impose a nutrient gradient favoring the release of P by keeping concentrations of the waters overlying sediments below the EPCo. Chapter 5 describes a model developed to simulate thermoconvective flow and transport mechanisms between littoral and pelagic zones. Diurnal fluctuation in flow for surface and bottom waters indicated water moves in and out of the cove on a daily timestep. Overall, the general direction of flow was in along the bottom of the cove, and out along the top. The model and in situ P concentrations revealed that P is transported from bottom waters as they enter the cove to surface waters as they leave the cove. This process applied to all littoral areas of the reservoir would result in a major P transport mechanism to surface waters in late summer. Chapter 6 provides a synthesis of the three studies. Unique processes of the littoral zone make it a disproportionate source of P within a reservoir. P loads brought into the littoral zone along the bottom and P released out of littoral sediments are then available for transport out of the surface of the littoral zone. This P would then be available to be used by algae and replenish P losses in the epilimnion which occur through sedimentation. Our model and sampling indicate that late summer blooms of algae in Beaver Lake are likely fueled in part by P transport out of the littoral zone. The fundamental contribution of this research is the recognition of littoral areas as a significant source of internal P loading to fuel algal growth in reservoirs.
Book Synopsis Phosphorus Dynamics in Southwestern Nova Scotia Lakes by : Aidan Van Heyst
Download or read book Phosphorus Dynamics in Southwestern Nova Scotia Lakes written by Aidan Van Heyst and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eutrophication and algal blooms caused by anthropogenic sources of nutrients is an issue in freshwater systems all over Canada. Several lakes in southwestern Nova Scotia have experienced reoccurring algae blooms and possess elevated concentrations of phosphorus (P). In this thesis a mass balance modeling approach was used to understand the relative contribution of P sources within these watersheds and lakes. Primary sources of P included land runoff, septic systems, agricultural activities such as mink fur farming, aquaculture, and internal loading. These sources were quantified through literature and spatial analysis for three different study years: 1983, 2008, and 2017. These study years were chosen based on availability of water quality data, and to understand the relative impact of the mink industry as it rapidly expanded during this time period. Agricultural census data and spatial analysis were used to estimate the annual mass of P generated from mink farming in each watershed. A suite of loading scenarios was simulated using a steady state mass balance model, examining P concentrations and sources for baseline (no anthropogenic sources), no mink farming, and varying levels of P retention on mink farms (25%, 50%, 75%). An additional scenario was also constructed which involved calibrating mink farm P retention coefficients using available water quality data. Baseline modeling scenarios predicted that without anthropogenic sources of phosphorus, all lakes in the system would be oligotrophic, indicating that cultural eutrophication of these lakes has occurred. In the no mink farming scenario, it was predicted that all study lakes would be oligotrophic except for Hourglass Lake, which was predicted to be mesotrophic due to inputs from an aquaculture facility. These findings suggest that the P from mink farms are the primary driver of cultural eutrophication in the study lakes. Results from the calibrated mass balance models demonstrated that for lakes with mink farms in their subwatersheds, the majority of P inputs are from the mink farms, and in lakes downstream of these subwatersheds, the majority of P loading originates from these upstream inputs. It is recommended that lake remediation efforts continue to focus on reducing P inputs from mink farms, and on controlling P loading from any new anthropogenic development in these watersheds. Internal loading of P from lake sediments was also identified as an important P loading mechanism, which can be exacerbated by climate change. Further efforts should also focus on monitoring of internal loading dynamics.
Book Synopsis Phosphorus, Algal and Zooplankton Relationships Across a Lake Productivity Gradient by : Diane Gillian Elizabeth Gibson
Download or read book Phosphorus, Algal and Zooplankton Relationships Across a Lake Productivity Gradient written by Diane Gillian Elizabeth Gibson and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this research was to confirm or identify patterns in plankton biomass and composition as a function of total phosphorus (TP) concentration in Northern Irish lakes. Herbivory, lake thermal structure, and predation effects on lake trophy, plankton biomass, and community structure have been investigated in forty lakes sampled in 2005 and 2006. Mid-lake epilimnetic samples were collected and analysed using standard water chemistry analytical procedures. Surface phytoplankton samples, and zooplankton vertical haul samples were collected and preserved. Plankton were enumerated, sized, and identified. Data was transformed, and relationships were identified with LOWESS algorithms, and tested using linear regression and general linear modelling. Phytoplankton biovolume was a less useful measure of algal biomass than chlorophyll a (Chi) concentration in nutrient-algal biomass trend analysis. Total nitrogen (TN) concentration had less predictive power than TP concentration. Plankton biomass increased along the TP gradient, however there was no trend in the zoo: phytoplankton ratio along the TP gradient. The biovolume of chlorophytes and cryptophytes increased along the TP gradient. The contributions of Oaphnia sp. and cyclopoids increased along the TP gradient, whereas calanoid contribution decreased. The body length of Oaphnia sp. increased along the TP gradient. Zooplankton volume increased with phytoplankton biovolume, specifically chlorophyte biovolume. Concentrations of TP and Chi, and zooplankton volume increased with lake depth. The trophic state of shallow mixed lakes was higher than that of deep stratified lakes. Algal biomass was not significantly different between shallow mixed and deep stratified lakes. There was a greater contribution of cyanobacteria to total phytoplankton in deep stratified lakes than in shallow mixed lakes. There was no lake thermal structure or herbivory effect on the TP-Chl relationship. The presence of fish did not alter the size structure of zooplankton; however the presence of Chaoborus sp. shifted the size structure towards larger-sized species.
