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![Download The Synthesis of [alpha]-amino Acids with Unnatural Sidechains PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/UCkKtwAACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
Author : Ross Andrew Matthews
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book The Synthesis of [alpha]-amino Acids with Unnatural Sidechains written by Ross Andrew Matthews and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
![Download Synthesis of Unnatural [alpha] - Amino Acids PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/wVuI0AEACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
Author : Richard John Middleton
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (112 download)
Download or read book Synthesis of Unnatural [alpha] - Amino Acids written by Richard John Middleton and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Christopher A. Farley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (15 download)
Download or read book Synthesis of a Novel Unnatural Amino Acid for Protein Incorporation and Click Mediated Conjugation written by Christopher A. Farley and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unnatural amino acids (UAAs) contain side chains, or R groups, that are not found in the 20 canonical amino acids. These noncanonical groups afford the capability to incorporate powerful chemical capabilities in proteins that are ordinarily unavailable with the naturally-occurring amino acids. Among the most useful moieties to incorporate into proteins are functional groups that can undergo Huisgen [3+2] cycloadditions, or “click,” reactions. This reaction occurs between azides and alkynes, and its mild conditions and high regioselectivity and reactivity make it an ideal process for bioconjugation. Photoreactivity is another useful characteristic that can be conferred to UAAs. Photolabile caging groups can inhibit the function of a protein until brief irradiation with UV light induces an intramolecular rearrangement and its displacement, reestablishing normal function. In this thesis, we propose a synthesis to incorporate both of these moieties into a single UAA.
Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080921639
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Non-Natural Amino Acids written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-07-24 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By combining the tools of organic chemistry with those of physical biochemistry and cell biology, Non-Natural Amino Acids aims to provide fundamental insights into how proteins work within the context of complex biological systems of biomedical interest. The critically acclaimed laboratory standard for 40 years, Methods in Enzymology is one of the most highly respected publications in the field of biochemistry. Since 1955, each volume has been eagerly awaited, frequently consulted, and praised by researchers and reviewers alike. With more than 400 volumes published, each Methods in Enzymology volume presents material that is relevant in today's labs -- truly an essential publication for researchers in all fields of life sciences. - Demonstrates how the tools and principles of chemistry combined with the molecules and processes of living cells can be combined to create molecules with new properties and functions found neither in nature nor in the test tube - Presents new insights into the molecular mechanisms of complex biological and chemical systems that can be gained by studying the structure and function of non-natural molecules - Provides a "one-stop shop" for tried and tested essential techniques, eliminating the need to wade through untested or unreliable methods
Author : Lorna J. Drummond
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (824 download)
Download or read book New Methodology for the Stereoselective Synthesis of Unnatural Alpha-amino Acids written by Lorna J. Drummond and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New general methodology for the stereoselective synthesis of unnatural alpha-amino acids has been developed. Early work focussed on investigating methods for the generation of chiral allylic alcohols using cross-metathesis of a simple enone with various terminal alkenes, followed by an asymmetric ketone reduction. The allylic alcohols were then converted to protected allylic amines via Overman rearrangement chemistry. Oxidative alkene cleavage and hydrolysis of these intermediates generated a range of alpha-amino acid targets. Attempts were also made to apply the developed methodology to the synthesis of a simple alpha,alpha-disubstituted alpha-amino acid target. The Overman rearrangement was also applied to the generation of a late-stage intermediate which could be used in the synthesis of (2S,3S)-capreomycidine, a component of a number of peptides which exhibit antibacterial activity.
Author : Michael Smith
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780824796044
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (96 download)
Download or read book Methods of Non-a-Amino Acid Synthesis written by Michael Smith and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-05-17 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work provides a comprehensive overview of, and the most common and useful methods for, the synthesis of non-alpha-amino acids, particularly amino acids that are key synthetic intermediates or important compounds in their own right. Attention is paid to acyclic amino acids C3-C10 including amino alkanoic carboxylic acids, aminoalkenoic acids and aminoalkynoic acids.
Author : Valery P. Kukhar
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Fluorine-containing Amino Acids written by Valery P. Kukhar and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1995-04-06 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, organo-fluorine chemistry has made a marked impact on the design and synthesis of a large variety of biologically active molecules, such as steroids, carbohydrates, amines, amino acids, peptides and other natural products. Naturally occurring amino acids play a pivotal role in living systems, and therefore synthetic fluorine-containing amino acids have been of significant interest to researchers working towards the understanding and modification of physiological processes. Fluorine-containing Amino Acids: is the first volume devoted to the synthesis and properties of fluorine-containing amino acids pays special attention to the preparation of enantiomerically pure acids (which are essential to the modern pharmaceutical industry) deals with a rapidly expanding field of research has been written by experienced researchers who are responsible for many developments in the field highlights the interdisciplinary nature of this topic Fluorine-containing Amino Acids is the only dedicated reference in this subject and will be essential for researchers in synthetic organic, peptide, natural product, and medicinal chemistry and biochemistry.
![Download Synthesis of Unnatural [alpha]-amino Acids Using Organozinc and Organocopper Chemistry PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/T2vWPQAACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
Author : Tomás Carrillo Márquez
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (278 download)
Download or read book Synthesis of Unnatural [alpha]-amino Acids Using Organozinc and Organocopper Chemistry written by Tomás Carrillo Márquez and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Lindsey Gayle Fischer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (76 download)
Download or read book Solid-phase Synthesis of N-carboxyalkul Unnatural Amino Acids written by Lindsey Gayle Fischer and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel route has been developed for the solid-phase synthesis of N-carboxyalkyl unnatural amino acids as potential metalloprotease inhibitors. The key step involves a nitrogen alkylation of resin-bound amino acids with a-bromoesters. Alkylation of the benzophenone imine of glycine on Wang resin was used to introduce unnatural amino acid side chains onto the resin-bound glycine. The benzyl a-bromoesters [BrCH(R2)CO2Bn], starting materials for the C-N bond construction, were prepared in solution by diazotization of naturally-occurring amino acids to form the a-bromoacids, followed by benzylation of the carboxylic acid to form the benzyl a-bromoesters. N-Alkylation of the resin-bound, unnatural amino acids with the benzyl a-bromoesters and subsequent cleavage from resin gave the benzyl ester monoacid intermediates. Exploration of reverse-phase cyano-silica gel chromatography and preparative liquid chromatography provided effective purification of the benzyl ester intermediates. Hydrolysis of the analytically pure benzyl ester monoacids afforded clean products as the diacids. The two points of variation introduced through the two on-resin alkylation steps, C-alkylation of the benzophenone imine of glycine and N-alkylation with the benzyl a-bromoesters, allow for the combinatorial synthesis of a library of target compounds.
Author : A. Abell
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080552625
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Advances in Amino Acid Mimetics and Peptidomimetics written by A. Abell and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1997-11-19 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peptidomimetics are compounds which mimic the biological activity of peptides while offering the advantages of increased bioavailability, biostability, bioefficiency, and bioselectivity against the natural biological target of the parent peptide. Examples of peptidomimetics have been isolated as natural products, synthesized as libraries from novel subunits, and designed on the basis of X-ray crystallographic studies and through an intricate knowledge of the biological mode of action of natural peptides. They offer challenging synthetic targets and are increasingly important medicinal agents and biological probes. As a consequence, peptidomimetics embrace much of what is modern medicinal and organic chemistry. This volume highlights some recent and exciting developments in the area.
![Download Synthesis of Branched Α-[alpha-] and Β-amino[beta-amino] Acids Using C-nucleophile Additions to Imines and Nitrones PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/Y3zYRwAACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
Author : Alevtina Baskakova
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783832523268
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (232 download)
Download or read book Synthesis of Branched Α-[alpha-] and Β-amino[beta-amino] Acids Using C-nucleophile Additions to Imines and Nitrones written by Alevtina Baskakova and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial peptides, containing alpha- and/or beta-amino acids with bulky substituents, can potentially possess some unusual properties, for example, decreased conformational ability or formation of stable secondary structures. Therefore, the preparation of such unnatural amino acids is of high interest. In this thesis, a route to enantiomerically pure 1-adamantylglycine was developed. The crucial step was the highly stereoselective addition of adamantylmagnesium bromide to the C=N bond of 2,3-O-cyclohexylidene-D-glyceraldehyde N-benzylnitrone effected in the presence of Lewis acid. Finally, 1-adamantylglycine was synthesized in 28 % yield over 6 steps. The routes to 9-aminofluorenylacetic and beta-aminobeta, beta-diphenylpropionic acids were proposed and they consist in the addition of allyl Grignard reagents to imines with various protecting groups, followed by oxidative transformation of the allyl group. Also some procedures for the preparation of 3,3-disubstituted 4-azetidinones, direct precursors of the corresponding beta-branched beta-amino acids, have been investigated.
![Download Asymmetric Synthesis of C[alpha]-methyl- [gamma]- and [delta]-amino Acids from a Common Synthon and Evaluation of Thionyl Chloride Assisted Peptide Esterifications PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/E5JuAQAACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
Author : Emily Rose Vogel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (951 download)
Download or read book Asymmetric Synthesis of C[alpha]-methyl- [gamma]- and [delta]-amino Acids from a Common Synthon and Evaluation of Thionyl Chloride Assisted Peptide Esterifications written by Emily Rose Vogel and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: C[alpha]-methyl-[gamma]- and [delta]-unnatural amino acids (UAAs) are important class of biomolecules used extensively as structural scaffolds, peptidomimetics, and in the development of pharmaceuticals. Due to steric congestion surrounding the quaternary center, asymmetric preparation of [alpha],[alpha]-disubstituted UAAs are synthetically challenging. Herein, two methods for the synthesis of chiral synthons to prepare C[alpha]-methyl-[gamma]- and -[delta]-UAAs are reported. A crucial step in both strategies includes an enzymatic hydrolysis of prochiral malonic esters with pig liver esterase (PLE). The first method utilizes the Meyer Schuster rearrangement to prepare [alpha],[beta]-unsaturated diesters synthons, but the preparation of the precursor propargyl alcohol decomposes into uncontrollable retro-aldol products. Alternatively, synthons 3-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylpyrrolidin-2-one and piperidin-2-one, are prepared via a phthalimide deprotection and stereoselective cyclization of the free amine toward an activated ester. This cyclization strategy allows for the preparation of both enantiomers through steric or electronic controls. Conversion of intermediate [gamma]- or [delta]-lactams into mesylates, nucleophilic substitution, and ring opening led to the formation of [gamma]2,2 and [delta]2,2- serine, -azido, and -cysteine analogues. General application of the cyclization strategy was found to be limited by sterics imposed by the neopentyl intermediate resulting in longer reaction times and inability to substitute some nucleophiles. The esterification of oxidized glutathione with thionyl chloride and various alcohols was monitored for completeness using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Oxidized glutathione was found to be highly compatible with an excess of methanol and ethanol, but slow and incomplete with 2-propanol. The thionyl chloride esterification was applied to other small peptides to evaluate the limitations with various amino acid side chains. The results show incompatibilities with peptides containing both serine and cysteine but well tolerated with the remaining natural amino acids. --Page ii.
![Download Synthesis of Optically Active [alpha]-amino Acids PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/khfwAAAAMAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
Author : Robert Michael Williams
Publisher : Pergamon
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Synthesis of Optically Active [alpha]-amino Acids written by Robert Michael Williams and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1989 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to review and critically evaluate the best new methods to synthesize alpha-amino acids in optically active form. There is so much new literature on amino acid synthesis that the experimentalist will undoubtedly have difficulty in selecting the most appropriate methodology for constructing the amino acid of immediate interest. This book is a guide for steering the scientist through the maze of existing reports on the subject and contains the most up-to-date critical reviews of methods of asymmetric synthesis of amino acids. In areas that are relatively new conceptually and less studied experimentally, an effort has been made to review the most salient works with an eye towards future development. Over 330 schemes and figures are presented with references for rapid visual retrieval of information. The book will be of great value to academic and industrial organic research chemists, especially those concerned with medicinal and agricultural chemistry, as well as to graduate and post graduate students, biochemists and biologists.
Author : Mark Sabat
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (549 download)
Download or read book Synthesis of Novel Unnatural Amino Acids written by Mark Sabat and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Loredano Pollegioni
Publisher : Humana Press
ISBN 13 : 9781617793301
Total Pages : 409 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (933 download)
Download or read book Unnatural Amino Acids written by Loredano Pollegioni and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2011-10-05 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though they are present in nature, non-proteinogenic amino acids are usually defined as unnatural or non-natural. Beside their structural diversity, interest in these compounds is due to their occurrence in nature, their biological properties, the analytical aspects, their use as probes, and their incorporation into peptides and proteins, among other reasons. Divided into five convenient sections, Unnatural Amino Acids: Methods and Protocols deals with enzymatic methods used to produce non-natural amino acids, aspects concerning the presence of unnatural amino acids in peptides with antimicrobial properties, genetic incorporation of unnatural amino acids into proteins (yeast and mammalian cells), and detection and quantification of D-amino acids and related enzymes. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters contain introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and accessible, Unnatural Amino Acids: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal guide for scientists and contributes to directing the attention of researchers to the many fields of growing scientific interest in non-natural amino acids.
Author : Jessica Torres
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (886 download)
Download or read book Synthesis of Unnatural Amino Acids for Protein Labeling and Activation written by Jessica Torres and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Stewart L. Fisher
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 566 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (437 download)
Download or read book Unnatural Amino Acids in the Synthesis and Semisynthesis of Metalloprotein Motifs written by Stewart L. Fisher and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
