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The Study Of The Mechanism Of Enhanced Burning Rate Of Solid Propellants
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Book Synopsis The Study of the Mechanism of Enhanced Burning Rate of Solid Propellants by : Lewis J. Hurt
Download or read book The Study of the Mechanism of Enhanced Burning Rate of Solid Propellants written by Lewis J. Hurt and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, the problem of burning-rate en hancement of solid propellants by incorporating metallic wires into the propellant matrix is treated by utilizing heat-transfer theory and geometry. It was found that heat conduction considerations incorporating the moving-heat-source restriction to the Fourier equation would adequately describe the process of 'coning' and that the geometrical considerations of the coned surface together with the P-K-r data for the matrix propellant would give excellent predictions of the burning rate enhancement. The effects of wire length, wire concentration, and increased burning-rate pressure exponents due to the addition of wire are discussed. Experimental and theoretical P-r plots are presented for a typical staple-containing composite double-base propellant. (Author).
Book Synopsis Mechanism of Burning Rate Enhancement of Composite Solid Propellants by Ferric Oxide by : S. R. Chakravarthy
Download or read book Mechanism of Burning Rate Enhancement of Composite Solid Propellants by Ferric Oxide written by S. R. Chakravarthy and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nonsteady Burning and Combustion Stability of Solid Propellants by : Martin Summerfield
Download or read book Nonsteady Burning and Combustion Stability of Solid Propellants written by Martin Summerfield and published by AIAA. This book was released on 1992 with total page 922 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Solid Propellant Chemistry Combustion and Motor Interior Ballistics 1999 by : Vigor Yang
Download or read book Solid Propellant Chemistry Combustion and Motor Interior Ballistics 1999 written by Vigor Yang and published by AIAA. This book was released on 2000 with total page 1038 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Study of Utilizing Induction Heating to Modulate the Burning Rate of Solid Fuels and Propellants by : Kirstin Walz
Download or read book Study of Utilizing Induction Heating to Modulate the Burning Rate of Solid Fuels and Propellants written by Kirstin Walz and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid rocket motors exhibit predetermined thrust profiles governed by propellant composition, burning surface geometry, and motor conditions. There is a desire to have throttleable solid rocket motors for trajectory optimization, multi-purpose capabilities, and improved energy management by controlling thrust and pressure. Currently employed methods modulate thrust output via mechanically operated pintle valves. However, these techniques are limited by control system accuracy and response time. Another means of modulating solid propellant burning rate is wired propellants, which offer custom or improved performance, but the mission profile's adaptability and heating uniformity could be improved. Some efforts have been made to investigate the application of an electric field to both gas phase flames and solid phase propellants/fuels to modulate burning rate. Results have found both increases and decreases, however, the mechanisms behind the changes in burning rate are not yet fully understood. Other active research initiatives investigate using microwave frequencies to enable burning rate modulation in propellant strands. However, microwave penetration depth is limited due to the high frequency and microwave coupling mechanism, thus limiting the heating uniformity at larger scales. This study investigates the use of induction heating (IH) to dynamically control solid propellant burning rate. Induction heaters utilize magnetic fields generated by a coil driven by a radio wave frequency (RF) alternating current. IH has two heating mechanisms relevant to this application: magnetic hysteresis heating and the Joule effect (eddy current heating). Both mechanisms are investigated by this study. Fuel and propellant samples with embedded magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were developed to observe the effects of magnetic hysteresis. Samples with embedded wires were used to look at eddy current heating. Thermal imaging was used to measure surface temperature of the fuel samples and raw MNP powders to characterize the relative magnetic hysteresis heating potential of a few select MNP susceptors. Results showed that the 30nm magnetite (Fe_3 O_4) particles provide the most relative heating via magnetic hysteresis , and 0.64mm diameter aluminum wires provide the most significant relative heating via the Joule effect. Further analysis of the magnetic hysteresis heating data shows that susceptor particle size can control the sample heating rate. The sample's initially high heating rate slowed as temperature increased because the smaller particles reached a limit where their Néel relaxation time became less than the induction heater frequency, resulting in reduced heating efficiency. Propellant samples with embedded MNPs, heated via magnetic hysteresis, were found to exhibit a change in sample density due to the introduction of porosity thought to be caused by the dissociation of urethane bonds. Burning rate tests were performed on the propellant samples with embedded MNPs to observe dynamic changes in the burning rate when IH was applied. The results of burning rate testing found an average increase in burning rate of 131% through the heated section of the propellant sample. This result proves a significant change in burning rate can be achieved after ignition of a solid propellant grain has occurred. It is proposed that the large increase in burning rate is attributed to both the temperature sensitivity of the propellant and the increased burning surface area due to the induced porosity.
Book Synopsis Burning Rate Mechanisms of Solid Propellants by : F. Lillo
Download or read book Burning Rate Mechanisms of Solid Propellants written by F. Lillo and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Combustion Mechanism of High Burning Rate Solid Propellants by : David A. Flanigan
Download or read book Combustion Mechanism of High Burning Rate Solid Propellants written by David A. Flanigan and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thiokol's program to tailor the burning rate of a propellant predictably and controllably to any desired level in the range from one to ten inches per second is divided into three phases: Phase I-Synthesis of Burning Rate Catalysts, Phase II-Decomposition Studies and Evaluation of Catalysts and Phase III-Decomposition of Advanced Oxidizers, Fuels, and Binders. Experiments will be performed to synthesize more efficient burn rate catalysts by maximizing already determined guideline properties toward development of an ideal catalyst under Phases I and II. Following catalyst synthesis, each compound showing potential will be subjected to comprehensive decomposition studies and combustion mechanism evaluation with propellant ingredients. To date, 30 candidate catalysts materials have been synthesized and the physical properties ascertained. Compatibility testing of these materials is essentially complete and no serious problems are expected in the formulation and scale-up of propellants containing the candidate catalysts. Burn rate studies thus far indicate that several prospective liquid ferrocene derivatives offer considerable potential in increasing burn rates over that presently available with n-butyl ferrocene (PLASTISCAT-IV(R)). (Author).
Book Synopsis INVESTIGATION OF THE MECHANISM OF SOLID PROPELLANT BURN RATE. by :
Download or read book INVESTIGATION OF THE MECHANISM OF SOLID PROPELLANT BURN RATE. written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mechanism by which iron compounds catalyze the burning rate of solid composite propellants is reported. A series of experiments were conducted to define the efficacy of iron compounds on burning rate. Experiments performed under Phases I and II studies, which were designed to study the interaction, if any, between catalysts and oxidizer and binder indicate the following conclusions. Thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate under pressure occurs in a single-phase step instead of the three phases observed at atmospheric pressure. The singe-phase decomposition step of ammonium perchlorate is shifted to lower temperature in the presence of iron oxide. The degree of this shift is dependent upon Fe2O3 concentration. The autoignition temperature of composite propellant decreases with increasing pressure. The rate of decomposition of anhydrous perchloric acid on varied surfaces seems to be a strong function of exposed specific surface of the catalyst and not overly dependent upon the chemical nature of the material. Iron compounds such as Fe2O3, ferrocene and butyl ferrocene do not facilitate the pyrolysis of polybutadiene polymers or gumstocks. A mechanism for catalysis by iron compounds is presented and mathematical expressions relating the variables involved have been formulated.
Author :Alexander S. Shteinberg Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :3540788611 Total Pages :203 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (47 download)
Book Synopsis Fast Reactions in Energetic Materials by : Alexander S. Shteinberg
Download or read book Fast Reactions in Energetic Materials written by Alexander S. Shteinberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-26 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern energetic materials include explosives, blasting powders, pyrotechnic m- tures and rocket propellants [1, 2]. The study of high-temperature decomposition of condensed phases of propellants and their components (liquid, solid and hybrid) is currently of special importance for the development of space-system engineering [3, 4]. To better understand the burning mechanisms (stationary, nonstationary, - steady) of composite solid propellants and their components, information about the macrokinetics of their high-temperature decomposition is required [5]. To be able to evaluate the ignition parameters and conditions of safe handling of heat-affected explosives, one needs to know the kinetic constants of their high-temperature - composition. The development of new composite solid propellants characterized by high performance characteristics (high burning rates, high thermal stability, stability to intrachamber perturbations, and other aspects) is not possible without quanti- tive data on the high-temperature decomposition of composite solid propellants and their components [6]. The same reasons have resulted in signi?cant theoretical and practical interest in the high-temperature decomposition of components of hybrid propellants. It is known that hybrid propellants have not been used very widely due to the low bu- ing (pyrolysis) rates of the polymer blocks in the combustion chambers of hybrid rocket engines. To increase the burning rates it is necessary to obtain information about their relationships to the corresponding kinetic and thermophysical prop- ties of the fuels.
Book Synopsis Experimental Studies of Composite Solid Propellant Combustion Mechanism- Burning Surface Photomacroscopy and Low Pressure Burning Rates by : Richard B. Cole
Download or read book Experimental Studies of Composite Solid Propellant Combustion Mechanism- Burning Surface Photomacroscopy and Low Pressure Burning Rates written by Richard B. Cole and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Chemistry and Technology of Solid Rocket Propellants (A Treatise on Solid Propellants) by : T.L. Varghese
Download or read book The Chemistry and Technology of Solid Rocket Propellants (A Treatise on Solid Propellants) written by T.L. Varghese and published by Allied Publishers. This book was released on 2017-03-29 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is a treatise on solid propellants in nine chapters, covering the history, chemistry, energetics, processing and characterization aspects of composite solid propellants, internal ballistics, advanced solid propellants, safety, quality and reliability and homogenous or double base propellants. The book also traces the evolution of solid propellant technology in ISRO for launch vehicles and sounding rockets. There is a detailed table of contents, expanded index, glossary, exhaustive references and questions in each chapter. It can be used as a textbook for science and engineering students, as a reference book for researchers and as a companion to scientists and engineers working in the research, development and production areas of solid propellants.
Book Synopsis Solid Propellant Combustion Mechanism Studies by : Johan A. Steinz
Download or read book Solid Propellant Combustion Mechanism Studies written by Johan A. Steinz and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to explore the limits of validity of the granular diffusion flame theory of solid propellant combustion in the limiting low pressure regime, a systematic study of burning rates and particle size effects has been conducted at subatmospheric pressures. In addition, flame extinction phenomena were explored and flame photographs and chemical analysis of reaction residues were carried out. In connection with the extinction study, a new regime of combustion was discovered for certain polysulfide composite propellants containing fine oxidizer particles. When the flames of these propellants are visibly extinguished by reducing the environmental pressure, a combustion wave continues to propagate through the propellant with the formation of an ash. There are at least two possibilities for interpreting this flameless regression. The first interpretation is that it is evidence of an oxidation reaction taking place at the solid surface or inside the thermal wave. The second interpretation is that the combustion wave in an AP propellant propagates simply as the result of exothermic pyrolysis of the AP without additional heat from subsurface or surface oxidation. (Author).
Book Synopsis Propellants and Explosives by : Naminosuke Kubota
Download or read book Propellants and Explosives written by Naminosuke Kubota and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-04-23 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third edition of the classic on the thermochemical aspects of the combustion of propellants and explosives is completely revised and updated and now includes a section on green propellants and offers an up-to-date view of the thermochemical aspects of combustion and corresponding applications. Clearly structured, the first half of the book presents an introduction to pyrodynamics, describing fundamental aspects of the combustion of energetic materials, while the second part highlights applications of energetic materials, such as propellants, explosives and pyrolants, with a focus on the phenomena occurring in rocket motors. Finally, an appendix gives a brief overview of the fundamentals of aerodynamics and heat transfer, which is a prerequisite for the study of pyrodynamics. A detailed reference for readers interested in rocketry or explosives technology.
Book Synopsis Erosive Burning Studies of the Composite Solid Propellants by the Reacting Turbulent Boundary-layer Approach by : Mohan Kishen Razdan
Download or read book Erosive Burning Studies of the Composite Solid Propellants by the Reacting Turbulent Boundary-layer Approach written by Mohan Kishen Razdan and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall objective of the current research is to achieve a basic understanding of the erosive burning mechanism in solid-propellant rocket motors. Both theoretical and experimental studies are undertaken. In the theoretical modeling, a reactive turbulent boundary-layer approach is used to analyze the erosive burning phenomenon. A second-order turbulent closure has been selected in the theoretical formulation. The theoretical model can be used to study the effect of gas velocity, pressure, streamwise pressure gradient, oxidizer particle size, and oxidizer-to-fuel ratio. For model validation, a test rig has been designed to establish a two-dimensional, turbulent boundary layer flow over a flat plate. The test rig can operate under various gas-dynamic conditions. A laser-photodiode servomechanism has been developed to measure the burning rate, and preliminary tests have demonstrated successful operation of the apparatus. (Author).
Book Synopsis A Study of the Effects of Electric Fields on Solid Propellant Burning Rates by : Robert F. Bestgen
Download or read book A Study of the Effects of Electric Fields on Solid Propellant Burning Rates written by Robert F. Bestgen and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nanomaterials in Rocket Propulsion Systems by : Qi-Long Yan
Download or read book Nanomaterials in Rocket Propulsion Systems written by Qi-Long Yan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-10-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanomaterials in Rocket Propulsion Systems covers the fundamentals of nanomaterials and examines a wide range of innovative applications, presenting the current state-of-the-art in the field. Opening with a chapter on nano-sized energetic materials, the book examines metal nanoparticles-based fuels, ballistic modifiers, stabilizers and catalysts as the components of rocket propellants. Hydrogen storage materials for rocket propulsion based on nanotubes are then discussed, as are nano-porous materials and metal organic frameworks, nano-gelled propellants, nano-composite ablators and ceramic nano-composites. Other applications examined include high thermal conductivity metallic nano-composite nozzle liners, nano-emitters for Coulomb propulsion of space-crafts, and highly thermostable nano-ceramics for rocket motors. The book finishes with coverage of combustion of nano-sized rocket fuels, nano-particles and their combustion in micro- and nano-electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS), plasma propulsion and nano-scale physics. Users will find this to be a valuable resource for academic and government institutions, professionals, new researchers and graduate students working in the application of nanomaterials in the aerospace industry.
Book Synopsis Mechanics and Chemistry of Solid Propellants by :
Download or read book Mechanics and Chemistry of Solid Propellants written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
