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The Solid State Conversion Reaction Of Cobalt Oxide And Iron Fluoride Thin Films
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Book Synopsis The Solid State Conversion Reaction of Cobalt Oxide and Iron Fluoride Thin Films by : Ryan Thorpe
Download or read book The Solid State Conversion Reaction of Cobalt Oxide and Iron Fluoride Thin Films written by Ryan Thorpe and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iron (II) fluoride and cobalt (II) oxide are candidate electrode materials for a new class of rechargeable lithium ion batteries known as conversion batteries. Although the energy storage capacity of these materials represents a significant improvement over that of conventional electrode materials, many challenges must be overcome before conversion batteries can become commercially viable. Chief among these challenges is a loss of energy storage capacity as a function of the number of charge-discharge cycles. In this study, FeF2 and CoO thin films have been studied as solid state analogues for lithium ion battery electrodes. These films were grown with different crystalline orientations and exposed to lithium in an ultra high vacuum chamber in order to simulate the discharge of a conversion electrode. The electronic structure and chemical phase of the films before and after exposure to lithium were characterized using x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS), and inverse photoemission spectroscopy (IPS). The depth and homogeneity of the conversion reaction in the thin films was measured as a function of lithium exposure using angle-resolved XPS (ARXPS). The crystalline structure and morphology were studied using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). For polycrystalline FeF2 and CoO films, the products of the solid state conversion reactions were similar to those observed in electrochemical measurements. However, parasitic reaction pathways were identified for both reactions. The products of these reaction were found to inhibit the full conversion of the thin films, and are possibly responsible for the poor reaction kinetics in electrochemical cells. Furthermore, the diffusion of lithium into the FeF2 and CoO surfaces, and the concomitant conversion reaction, was found to depend strongly on the orientation of the surface. These differences in diffusivity could partially be explained through geometric analyses of the crystalline structure of the films.
Download or read book Na-ion Batteries written by and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers both the fundamental and applied aspects of advanced Na-ion batteries (NIB) which have proven to be a potential challenger to Li-ion batteries. Both the chemistry and design of positive and negative electrode materials are examined. In NIB, the electrolyte is also a crucial part of the batteries and the recent research, showing a possible alternative to classical electrolytes – with the development of ionic liquid-based electrolytes – is also explored. Cycling performance in NIB is also strongly associated with the quality of the electrode-electrolyte interface, where electrolyte degradation takes place; thus, Na-ion Batteries details the recent achievements in furthering knowledge of this interface. Finally, as the ultimate goal is commercialization of this new electrical storage technology, the last chapters are dedicated to the industrial point of view, given by two startup companies, who developed two different NIB chemistries for complementary applications and markets.
Book Synopsis High Energy Density Lithium Batteries by : Katerina E. Aifantis
Download or read book High Energy Density Lithium Batteries written by Katerina E. Aifantis and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-03-30 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials Engineering for High Density Energy Storage provides first-hand knowledge about the design of safe and powerful batteries and the methods and approaches for enhancing the performance of next-generation batteries. The book explores how the innovative approaches currently employed, including thin films, nanoparticles and nanocomposites, are paving new ways to performance improvement. The topic's tremendous application potential will appeal to a broad audience, including materials scientists, physicists, electrochemists, libraries, and graduate students.
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 1296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nanobiotechnology written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-06-28 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanotechnology is considered the next big revolution in medicine and biology. For the past 20 years, research groups have been involved in the development of new applications of novel nanomaterials for biotechnological applications. Nanomaterials are also becoming increasingly important in medical applications, with new drugs and diagnostic tools based on nanotechnology. Every year, hundreds of new ideas using nanomaterials are applied in the development of biosensors. An increasing number of new enterprises are also searching for market opportunities using these technologies.Nanomaterials for biotechnological applications is a very complex field. Thousands of different nanoparticles could potentially be used for these purposes. Some of them are very different; their synthesis, characterization and potentiality are very diverse. This book aims to establish a route guide for non-erudite researchers in the field, showing the advantages and disadvantages of the different kind of nanomaterials. Particular attention is given to the differences, advantages and disadvantages of inorganic nanoparticles versus organic nanoparticles when used for biotechnological applications. A tutorial introduction provides the basis for understanding the subsequent specialized chapters. Provides an overview of the main advantages and disadvantages of the use of organic and inorganic nanoparticles for use in biotechnology and nanomedicine Provides an excellent starting point for research groups looking for solutions in nanotechnology who do not know which kind of materials will best suit their needs Includes a tutorial introduction that provides a basis for understanding the subsequent specialized chapters
Book Synopsis Electrodes for Li-ion Batteries by : Laure Monconduit
Download or read book Electrodes for Li-ion Batteries written by Laure Monconduit and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-29 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The electrochemical energy storage is a means to conserve electrical energy in chemical form. This form of storage benefits from the fact that these two energies share the same vector, the electron. This advantage allows us to limit the losses related to the conversion of energy from one form to another. The RS2E focuses its research on rechargeable electrochemical devices (or electrochemical storage) batteries and supercapacitors. The materials used in the electrodes are key components of lithium-ion batteries. Their nature depend battery performance in terms of mass and volume capacity, energy density, power, durability, safety, etc. This book deals with current and future positive and negative electrode materials covering aspects related to research new and better materials for future applications (related to renewable energy storage and transportation in particular), bringing light on the mechanisms of operation, aging and failure.
Book Synopsis Nanomaterials in Plants, Algae and Microorganisms by : Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
Download or read book Nanomaterials in Plants, Algae and Microorganisms written by Durgesh Kumar Tripathi and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-09-14 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanomaterials in Plants, Algae and Microorganisms: Concepts and Controversies: Volume 2 not only covers all the new technologies used in the synthesis of nanoparticles, it also tests their response on plants, algae and micro-organisms in aquatic ecosystems. Unlike most works in the field, the book doesn’t focus exclusively on the higher organisms. Instead, it explores the smaller life forms on which they feed. Topics include the impacts of plant development, how different nanoparticles are absorbed by biota, the impact different metals—including silver and rare earth metals—have on living organisms, and the effects nanoparticles have on aquatic ecosystems as a whole. As nanotechnology based products have become a trillion-dollar industry, there is a need to understand the implications to the health of our biota and ecosystems as the earth is increasingly inundated with these materials. Covers the issues of nanoparticles on more simple organisms and their ecosystems Draws upon global experts to help increase understanding of the interface mechanisms at the physiological, biochemical, molecular, and even genomic and proteomic level between ENPs and biological systems Provides a critical assessment of the progress taking place on this topic Sheds light on future research needs and scientific challenges that still exist in nanoparticle and living organism interactions
Download or read book Solid State Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries by : Christian Julien
Download or read book Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries written by Christian Julien and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-10-31 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A lithium-ion battery comprises essentially three components: two intercalation compounds as positive and negative electrodes, separated by an ionic-electronic electrolyte. Each component is discussed in sufficient detail to give the practising engineer an understanding of the subject, providing guidance on the selection of suitable materials in actual applications. Each topic covered is written by an expert, reflecting many years of experience in research and applications. Each topic is provided with an extensive list of references, allowing easy access to further information. Readership: Research students and engineers seeking an expert review. Graduate courses in electrical drives can also be designed around the book by selecting sections for discussion. The coverage and treatment make the book indispensable for the lithium battery community.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Engineering Index Annual written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 2264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its creation in 1884, Engineering Index has covered virtually every major engineering innovation from around the world. It serves as the historical record of virtually every major engineering innovation of the 20th century. Recent content is a vital resource for current awareness, new production information, technological forecasting and competitive intelligence. The world?s most comprehensive interdisciplinary engineering database, Engineering Index contains over 10.7 million records. Each year, over 500,000 new abstracts are added from over 5,000 scholarly journals, trade magazines, and conference proceedings. Coverage spans over 175 engineering disciplines from over 80 countries. Updated weekly.
Book Synopsis Comprehensive Treatise of Electrochemistry by : John Bockris
Download or read book Comprehensive Treatise of Electrochemistry written by John Bockris and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is now time for a comprehensive treatise to look at the whole field of electrochemistry. The present treatise was conceived in 1974, and the earliest invitations to authors for contributions were made in 1975. The completion of the early volumes has been delayed by various factors. There has been no attempt to make each article emphasize the most recent situation at the expense of an overall statement of the modern view. This treatise is not a collection of articles from Recent Advances in Electrochemistry or Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry. It is an attempt at making a mature statement about the present position in the vast area of what is best looked at as a new interdisciplinary field. Texas A & M University J. O'M. Bockris University of Ottawa B. E. Conway Case Western Reserve University Ernest Yeager & M University Texas A Ralph E. White Preface to Volume 2 This volume brings together some dozen processes well known to the electro chemist and treats them according to their various degrees of importance. The production of hydrogen is one of the more important processes, particularly with respect to the prospects of a hydrogen economy. No one would doubt, however, that the most commercially important electrochemical processes at the present time are the production of aluminum and of chlorine. Each of these processes has a separate chapter devoted to it.
Book Synopsis Refining Processes Handbook by : Surinder Parkash Ph. D
Download or read book Refining Processes Handbook written by Surinder Parkash Ph. D and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-10-16 with total page 727 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Besides covering topics like catalytic cracking, hydrocracking, and alkylation, this volume has chapters on waste water treatment and the economics of managing or commissioning the design of a petroleum refinery. Found only in this volume is material on operating a jointly owned and operated refinery. (Over the last decade, the ownership of many refineries has shifted to small companies, from the large, integrated companies. Because of this shift, many refineries are now jointly owned and operated.) Filled with handy process flow diagrams, this volume is the only reference that a chemical engineer or process manager in a petroleum refinery needs for answers to everyday process and operations questions. * Covers the technologies and operations of petroleum refineries * Provides material on operating a jointly owned and operated refinery * Gives readers a comprehensive introduction to petroleum refining, as well as a full reference to engineers in the field
Book Synopsis Publications, Reports, and Papers for 1961- from Oak Ridge National Laboratory by : Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Download or read book Publications, Reports, and Papers for 1961- from Oak Ridge National Laboratory written by Oak Ridge National Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis CRC Handbook of Metal Etchants by : Perrin Walker
Download or read book CRC Handbook of Metal Etchants written by Perrin Walker and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1990-12-11 with total page 1434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication presents cleaning and etching solutions, their applications, and results on inorganic materials. It is a comprehensive collection of etching and cleaning solutions in a single source. Chemical formulas are presented in one of three standard formats - general, electrolytic or ionized gas formats - to insure inclusion of all necessary operational data as shown in references that accompany each numbered formula. The book describes other applications of specific solutions, including their use on other metals or metallic compounds. Physical properties, association of natural and man-made minerals, and materials are shown in relationship to crystal structure, special processing techniques and solid state devices and assemblies fabricated. This publication also presents a number of organic materials which are widely used in handling and general processing...waxes, plastics, and lacquers for example. It is useful to individuals involved in study, development, and processing of metals and metallic compounds. It is invaluable for readers from the college level to industrial R & D and full-scale device fabrication, testing and sales. Scientific disciplines, work areas and individuals with great interest include: chemistry, physics, metallurgy, geology, solid state, ceramic and glass, research libraries, individuals dealing with chemical processing of inorganic materials, societies and schools.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalysis, 8 Volume Set by : Gerhard Ertl
Download or read book Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalysis, 8 Volume Set written by Gerhard Ertl and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 2008-03-31 with total page 4270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in 8 volumes, the completely revised and expanded second edition of this much-cited handbook collates the knowledge available on heterogeneous catalysis, providing easy-to-find yet comprehensive information. The new edition contains some 80% more material and takes into account the latest developments in the field, making it still the most up-to-date compendium in heterogeneous catalysis. More than 300 leading experts -- a veritable "Who's Who" in catalysis -- contributed to this unrivalled masterpiece, covering all aspects of the subject, from the physico-chemical foundations to large-scale industrial applications. With its straightforward presentation, this is an essential and indispensable tool for every scientist working in this area.
