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The Solar Spectrum
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Download or read book The Solar Spectrum written by C. de Jager and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A good deal of our information on solar physics and on solar phenomena is derived from the solar spectrum. A quantitative interpretation of this spectrum was only possible after 1920, after the establishment of Bohr's atomic model, the discovery of Saha's law, and the development of spectrophotometry. The resolving and light gathering powers of our instruments have greatly increased since. We have seen an enormous progress in our theoretical under standing of basic atomic phenomena, and of the intricate problems concerned with the transfer of energy through a complicated structure like the sun's outer layers. In particular the observable part of the solar spectrum tremen dously enlarged since the introduction, in the years after 1945, of radio astronomy, enabling us to study the solar spectrum between wavelengths of some mm to about 15 m, of space research, giving access to the whole electro magnetic spectrum below 3000 A, down to about 0. 01 A. Further, the low and high energetic components of the solar particles spectrum have been dis covered with space probes (the solar wind), rockets, balloons (the so-called sub cosmic-ray particles) and cosmic ray monitors (solar cosmic ray bursts). The extreme wealth of this spectrum, much vaster in extent than the earlier investigators could only dream of, is an important source of information. It looked appropriate to us, after the rapid development of this branch of science, ' to invite the world's leading solar physicists to Utrecht for a summa rizing symposium on the whole solar spectrum.
Book Synopsis An Introduction To Solar Radiation by : Muhammad Iqbal
Download or read book An Introduction To Solar Radiation written by Muhammad Iqbal and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Introduction to Solar Radiation is an introductory text on solar radiation, with emphasis on the methods of calculation for determining the amount of solar radiation incident on a surface on the earth. Topics covered include the astronomical relationship between the sun and the earth; thermal radiation; the solar constant and its spectral distribution; and extraterrestrial solar irradiation. This book is comprised of 12 chapters and begins with an overview of the trigonometric relationships between the sun-earth line and the position of an inclined surface, followed by a discussion on the characteristics of blackbody radiation. The next chapter focuses on the solar constant and its spectral distribution, paying particular attention to extraterrestrial solar spectral irradiance and the sun's blackbody temperature. Subsequent chapters explore extraterrestrial and radiation incident on inclined planes; the optics of a cloudless-sky atmosphere; solar spectral radiation and total (broadband) radiation under cloudless skies; and solar radiation arriving at horizontal surfaces on the earth through cloudy skies. The ground albedo and its spectral and angular variation are also described, along with insolation on inclined surfaces. The last chapter is devoted to instruments for measuring solar radiation, including pyrheliometers and pyranometers. This monograph will serve as a useful guide for energy analysts, designers of thermal devices, architects and engineers, agronomists, and hydrologists as well as senior graduate students.
Book Synopsis The Solar Spectrum 2935 Å to 8770 Å by : Charlotte Emma Moore
Download or read book The Solar Spectrum 2935 Å to 8770 Å written by Charlotte Emma Moore and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Researches on the Solar Spectrum, and the Spectra of the Chemical Elements by : Gustav Kirchhoff
Download or read book Researches on the Solar Spectrum, and the Spectra of the Chemical Elements written by Gustav Kirchhoff and published by . This book was released on 1863 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Researches on the solar spectrum, and the spectra of the chemical elements, tr. by H.E. Roscoe by : Gustav Robert Kirchhoff
Download or read book Researches on the solar spectrum, and the spectra of the chemical elements, tr. by H.E. Roscoe written by Gustav Robert Kirchhoff and published by . This book was released on 1863 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Solar Constant and the Solar Spectrum Measured from a Research Aircraft by : Matthew Pothen Thekaekara
Download or read book The Solar Constant and the Solar Spectrum Measured from a Research Aircraft written by Matthew Pothen Thekaekara and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The solar constant and solar spectrum were measured from a research aircraft flying at 38,000 feet, above the highly variable and absorbing constituents of the atmosphere. A wide range of solar zenith angles was covered during six flights for over 14 hours. Eleven instruments, five for total irradiance and six for spectral irradiance, were employed. The instruments complemented each other in the measuring techniques employed and wavelength range covered, and were calibrated and operated by different experimenters. The combined results of these experiments are presented, and also a proposed standard for the solar constant and zero air mass solar spectral irradiance. The solar constant is found to equal 135.3 mW cm−2 or 1.90 cal min−1 cm−2
Book Synopsis The Solar Spectrum by : Cornelis de Jager
Download or read book The Solar Spectrum written by Cornelis de Jager and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Researches On the Solar Spectrum, and the Spectra of the Chemical Elements by : G. Kirchhoff
Download or read book Researches On the Solar Spectrum, and the Spectra of the Chemical Elements written by G. Kirchhoff and published by Рипол Классик. This book was released on 1863 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Researches on the solar spectrum, and the spectra of the chemical elements, tr. by H.E. Roscoe.
Book Synopsis Distribution of Energy in the Solar Spectrum and the Solar Constant by : Elena Aleksandrovna Makarova
Download or read book Distribution of Energy in the Solar Spectrum and the Solar Constant written by Elena Aleksandrovna Makarova and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Solar Spectrum 3069Å-2095Å by : Charlotte Emma Moore
Download or read book The Solar Spectrum 3069Å-2095Å written by Charlotte Emma Moore and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents the final listing of solar lines recorded in the NRL echelle spectra photographed at high resolution from Aerobee rockets flown in 1961 and 1964. The wavelength range covered is 3069Å to 2095Å. It is intended to accompany NRL report numbers 7788, 'An Atlas of the Solar Spectrum Between 2226 and 2992 Angstroms,' which presents the solar irradiance at 0.03 Å resolution as derived from the echelle spectra. Solar wavelengths are given to 0.01 Å, and estimated solar intensities are listed on a visual scale of 1 to 9. Identifications have been made from a detailed study of the multiplets in individual spectra and are based on a search of the spectroscopic literature. Laboratory wavelengths, multiplet numbers, and references are cited for each line. Approximately 6150 lines are reported, of which 80% are identified.
Book Synopsis The Solar Spectrum by : Marcel Gilles Jozef Minnaert
Download or read book The Solar Spectrum written by Marcel Gilles Jozef Minnaert and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Second Solar Spectrum by : Achim Gandorfer
Download or read book The Second Solar Spectrum written by Achim Gandorfer and published by vdf Hochschulverlag AG. This book was released on 2005 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Preliminary Table of Solar Spectrum Wave-lengths by : Henry Augustus Rowland
Download or read book Preliminary Table of Solar Spectrum Wave-lengths written by Henry Augustus Rowland and published by . This book was released on 1896 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Solar and Infrared Radiation Measurements by : Frank Vignola
Download or read book Solar and Infrared Radiation Measurements written by Frank Vignola and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rather specialized field of solar and infrared radiation measurement has become more and more important in the face of growing demands by the renewable energy and climate change research communities for data that are more accurate and have increased temporal and spatial resolution. Updating decades of acquired knowledge in the field, Solar and Infrared Radiation Measurements details the strengths and weaknesses of instruments used to conduct such solar and infrared radiation measurements. Topics covered include: Radiometer design and performance Equipment calibration, installation, operation, and maintenance Data quality assessment Methods to use measured data to estimate irradiance for any surface With a broad range of content that will benefit students and more experienced readers alike, this resource serves as a primer and technical reference that presents the basic terminology and fundamentals for resource assessment. It explores the history of solar radiation instruments and addresses direct normal, global, diffuse, and tilted measurements, as well as the characteristics of instruments used for these measurements. The authors consider methods of assessing the uncertainty of solar measurements and then cover albedo, infrared, net, and spectral irradiance measurements and instrumentation. The book devotes a section to other meteorological instruments, and another to the basics for installing and operating a solar monitoring station. Appendices include information on solar resource assessment modeling and satellite-derived irradiance, along with other useful material. This book’s authors are experts who each have more than 30 years of experience developing and operating multiple measurement stations, working with industry to improve radiometry, and conducting various research projects.
Book Synopsis Radiative Transfer in the Atmosphere and Ocean by : Gary E. Thomas
Download or read book Radiative Transfer in the Atmosphere and Ocean written by Gary E. Thomas and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-01-28 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a foundation of the theoretical and practical aspects of radiative transfer, for the atmospheric, oceanic and environmental sciences.
Download or read book The Solar Spectrum written by C. de Jager and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-12-07 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A good deal of our information on solar physics and on solar phenomena is derived from the solar spectrum. A quantitative interpretation of this spectrum was only possible after 1920, after the establishment of Bohr's atomic model, the discovery of Saha's law, and the development of spectrophotometry. The resolving and light gathering powers of our instruments have greatly increased since. We have seen an enormous progress in our theoretical under standing of basic atomic phenomena, and of the intricate problems concerned with the transfer of energy through a complicated structure like the sun's outer layers. In particular the observable part of the solar spectrum tremen dously enlarged since the introduction, in the years after 1945, of radio astronomy, enabling us to study the solar spectrum between wavelengths of some mm to about 15 m, of space research, giving access to the whole electro magnetic spectrum below 3000 A, down to about 0. 01 A. Further, the low and high energetic components of the solar particles spectrum have been dis covered with space probes (the solar wind), rockets, balloons (the so-called sub cosmic-ray particles) and cosmic ray monitors (solar cosmic ray bursts). The extreme wealth of this spectrum, much vaster in extent than the earlier investigators could only dream of, is an important source of information. It looked appropriate to us, after the rapid development of this branch of science,' to invite the world's leading solar physicists to Utrecht for a summa rizing symposium on the whole solar spectrum.
Book Synopsis The Solar Spectrum in 1877 and 1878 by : Charles Piazzi Smyth
Download or read book The Solar Spectrum in 1877 and 1878 written by Charles Piazzi Smyth and published by . This book was released on 1879 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
