The SAGES Manual of Groin Pain

Download The SAGES Manual of Groin Pain PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319215876
Total Pages : 539 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The SAGES Manual of Groin Pain by : Brian P. Jacob

Download or read book The SAGES Manual of Groin Pain written by Brian P. Jacob and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-09 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual captures and summarizes the key elements in management of groin pain, including relevant anatomy, etiologies, diagnostic evaluation tools, imaging, detailed pharmacologic options, interventional modalities and options for operative remediation. The manual separately addresses the management of intrinsic groin pain due to primary disease processes and secondary groin pain due to a prior operation. Current practices, trends in the field, treatment approaches and controversies are addressed. While the primary audience of this book will be general surgeons performing hernia operations and pain management specialists to whom they refer, the SAGES Manual of Groin Pain will serve as a stand alone state-of-the-art resource for all providers who deal with this diagnosis, including primary care providers, sports medicine specialists, gynecologists, urologists, orthopedists, neurologists, physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists, radiologists, physical therapists, industry personnel and importantly, patients who suffer from groin pain who have copious access to health information, but without the filtering, expertise and context provided by the contributors to this manual. This volume also uniquely provides its audience with narrative first-person accounts of some of the most common and challenging causes of pain, so that others can learn from their presentation, pitfalls, successes and failures. The expertise compiled in this manual will give the readership a pragmatic foundation to optimize the diagnosis and management of our patients with this challenging problem.

The SAGES Manual of Hernia Repair

Download The SAGES Manual of Hernia Repair PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461448247
Total Pages : 598 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The SAGES Manual of Hernia Repair by : Brian P. Jacob

Download or read book The SAGES Manual of Hernia Repair written by Brian P. Jacob and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-13 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The SAGES Manual of Hernia Repair will serve as a state-of-the-art resource for hernia surgeons and residents alike who are interested in the rapidly evolving area of abdominal wall hernia repair. This manual captures and summarizes the current trends in the field, as well as describing the new ideas, programs, and strategies regarding hernia repair. Through a unique section called Current Debates in Inguinal Hernia Repair, this volume also provides readers an overview of the current opinions on many of the ongoing debates of this time period. Furthermore, the manual is lavishly illustrated, containing an array of instructional charts and photographs, and is authored by a panel of experts in hernia repair. Comprehensive and easily accessible, The SAGES Manual of Hernia Repair is a portable reference that will be of great value to all practicing surgeons and residents working in the field of abdominal wall hernia repair.

The SAGES Manual of Hernia Surgery

Download The SAGES Manual of Hernia Surgery PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319784110
Total Pages : 673 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The SAGES Manual of Hernia Surgery by : S. Scott Davis, Jr.

Download or read book The SAGES Manual of Hernia Surgery written by S. Scott Davis, Jr. and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-23 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition of the SAGES Manual of Hernia Surgery aligns with the current version of the new SAGES University MASTERS Program Hernia Surgery pathway. This manual serves as a curriculum for participants in the MASTERS Program as well as a modern text on hernia surgery for all learners. Hernia surgery is one of the fastest developing fields in general surgery today. There have been rapid advancements in hernia techniques in recent years, making most prior texts on the subject obsolete. These advancements involve significant evolution in both the techniques and strategies for hernia repairs, as well as the tools used to achieve these means. This text thoroughly addresses the multiple component separation techniques and options for locations of mesh repairs. It also discusses the revolution of hernia repair being facilitated by robotic surgery, which allows increased access to minimally invasive techniques for surgeons and thus increased access to minimally invasive surgical repairs for patients. This manual will be a valuable resource for interested surgeons to understand the variety of potential approaches to individual hernias, and to individually tailor the care of the hernia patient.

The SAGES Manual of Strategic Decision Making

Download The SAGES Manual of Strategic Decision Making PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387766715
Total Pages : 631 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (877 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The SAGES Manual of Strategic Decision Making by : Carol E.H. Scott-Conner

Download or read book The SAGES Manual of Strategic Decision Making written by Carol E.H. Scott-Conner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-06-19 with total page 631 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fifty scenarios in general surgery are described and possible treatment options are considered. A case presentation format is used to illustrate the author’s preferred strategy, supported by evidence from the literature. Alternate approaches favored by other experts are also presented. An excellent clinical decision making tool for general surgeons and residents.

Muscle and Tendon Injuries

Download Muscle and Tendon Injuries PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 366254184X
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (625 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Muscle and Tendon Injuries by : Gian Luigi Canata

Download or read book Muscle and Tendon Injuries written by Gian Luigi Canata and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-10 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores in a comprehensive manner the causes and symptoms of muscle and tendon pathologies, the available diagnostic procedures, and current treatment approaches. Specific aspects of the anatomy, biomechanics, and function of muscles and tendons are analyzed, and detailed guidance is provided on the most innovative methods – both conservative and surgical – for ensuring that the athlete can make a safe and quick return to sporting activity. Optimal care of tendon and muscle injuries in sportspeople requires effective cooperation of sports scientists and medical practitioners to identify the best ways of preserving muscle and tendon structures and to develop new strategies for their rehabilitation and regeneration. Muscle and Tendon Injuries is an excellent multidisciplinary reference written by the leading experts in the field and published in collaboration with ISAKOS. It will appeal to all specialists in sports medicine and sports traumatology who are seeking a state of the art update on the management of muscle and tendon disorders.

The SAGES Manual of Quality, Outcomes and Patient Safety

Download The SAGES Manual of Quality, Outcomes and Patient Safety PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303094610X
Total Pages : 1006 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (39 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The SAGES Manual of Quality, Outcomes and Patient Safety by : John R. Romanelli

Download or read book The SAGES Manual of Quality, Outcomes and Patient Safety written by John R. Romanelli and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-06 with total page 1006 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thoroughly revised second edition of the frequently downloaded manual, The SAGES Manual of Quality, Outcomes, and Patient Safety. A panel of experts update and expand their survey of the many factors that influence quality in the world of surgery, surgical outcomes, and threats to patient safety. Among the highlights include a section devoted to threats to quality and outcomes and safety, such as surgeon wellness and burnout, disruptive behavior, second victims, the surgeon with declining skills, and maintaining quality in the setting of a crisis. Another all-new section focuses on surgical controversies, such as whether or not to use robotic surgical technology and whether or not it influences surgical outcomes; whether or not routine cholangiography reduces the common bile duct injury rate; whether or not having a consistent operating room team influences surgical outcomes, and whether a conflict of interest truly influences surgical quality. Further, this manual updates chapters on surgical simulation, teamwork and team training, teleproctoring, mentoring, and error analysis. State-of-the-art and readily accessible, The SAGES Manual of Quality, Outcomes, and Patient Safety, Second Edition will offer physicians strategies to maintain surgical quality in a rapidly changing practice environment the tools they require to succeed.

Postoperative Joint MR Imaging, An Issue of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America, E-Book

Download Postoperative Joint MR Imaging, An Issue of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America, E-Book PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0323813887
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (238 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Postoperative Joint MR Imaging, An Issue of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America, E-Book by : Luis Beltran

Download or read book Postoperative Joint MR Imaging, An Issue of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America, E-Book written by Luis Beltran and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2022-10-17 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this issue of MRI Clinics, guest editor Dr. Luis Beltran brings his considerable expertise to the topic of Postoperative Joint MR Imaging. Postoperative imaging is key to evaluating healing, identifying postsurgical complications, and monitoring for indications of rejection. In this first-of-its-kind Clinics issue, top experts focus on postoperative imaging of the hip, knee, wrist, hand, rotator cuff, elbow, foot, and ankle. Contains 11 practice-oriented topics including technical considerations in postoperative MR joint imaging; postoperative MRI of the elbow; postoperative MRI of the hip; postoperative MRI of the knee ligaments; postoperative MRI of the ankle and foot; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews on postoperative joint MR imaging, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

Inguinal Hernia Surgery

Download Inguinal Hernia Surgery PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 8847039479
Total Pages : 211 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Inguinal Hernia Surgery by : Giampiero Campanelli

Download or read book Inguinal Hernia Surgery written by Giampiero Campanelli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-01 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, which describes in detail the most common procedures employed in inguinal hernia surgery, is exceptional in reflecting fully the most recent advances, as well as the most established techniques, in knowledge and practice. The role of recently developed and emerging technologies, including robotics, minimally invasive surgery, and biological meshes, is clearly explained, highlighting useful tips and tricks. The descriptions of traditional procedures, such as the Lichtenstein repair, are brought fully up to date and take into account the novel perceptions that professionals have of them, for example regarding the important role of nurses. The reader will also find guidance on established and new treatments for specific pain conditions, including postoperative chronic pain, the pubic inguinal pain syndrome, and obscure groin pain in women. The need for such an update on inguinal hernia surgery became clear at the 1st World Conference on Abdominal Wall Hernia Surgery, which highlighted the huge differences in the approaches adopted by scientists around the world and was chaired by the editor of this book. Inguinal Hernia Surgery will be a useful tool for all health care practitioners involved in hernia surgery.

Symptom Oriented Pain Management

Download Symptom Oriented Pain Management PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : JP Medical Ltd
ISBN 13 : 938632248X
Total Pages : 546 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (863 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Symptom Oriented Pain Management by : Dwarkadas K Baheti

Download or read book Symptom Oriented Pain Management written by Dwarkadas K Baheti and published by JP Medical Ltd. This book was released on 2017-05-31 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of this comprehensive guide has been fully revised to provide clinicians with the latest advances in symptom oriented pain management. Divided into fifteen sections, the book begins with an overview of acute and chronic pain, clinical examination and evaluation, and imaging modalities. The following chapters discuss different types of pain including neck pain, low back pain, cancer pain, neuropathic pain, scar pain, and more. Techniques for accurate diagnosis of aetiology are explained in depth. The final sections describe pain management techniques including physiotherapy, psychotherapy, and allied therapy. A complete section is dedicated to challenging cases such as phantom limb pain and restless leg syndrome. Edited by internationally recognised experts in the field, this second edition is highly illustrated with clinical photographs and diagrams. Previous edition (9789350257975) published in 2012. Key points Fully revised, new edition presenting latest advances in symptom oriented pain management Complete section dedicated to challenging cases such as phantom limb pain and restless leg syndrome Edited by internationally recognised experts in the field Previous edition (9789350257975) published in 2012

Recent Concepts in Minimal Access Surgery

Download Recent Concepts in Minimal Access Surgery PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811654735
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Recent Concepts in Minimal Access Surgery by : Deborshi Sharma

Download or read book Recent Concepts in Minimal Access Surgery written by Deborshi Sharma and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-03-25 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book covers the recent developments in various aspects of minimal access surgery (laparoscopic and robotic surgery), which is fairly a new branch of surgery that has advanced tremendously in last few years. This is the first volume of the set of books on recent concepts in minimal access surgery. It provides step-by-step descriptions accompanied by numerous helpful photographs and anatomical drawings. It also includes the controversies and gives a cumulative opinion on the recent changes developing in minimal access surgery (MAS). It includes system wise topics and separate chapters on the different topics within the system with the meta-analysis of recent topic or their controversies. The book is useful for practitioners and young faculties as well as residents, trainees and fellows of surgery and minimal access surgery.

Miller's Anesthesia, 2-Volume Set

Download Miller's Anesthesia, 2-Volume Set PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0323612644
Total Pages : 3490 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (236 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Miller's Anesthesia, 2-Volume Set by : Michael A. Gropper

Download or read book Miller's Anesthesia, 2-Volume Set written by Michael A. Gropper and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2019-10-07 with total page 3490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering everything from historical and international perspectives to basic science and current clinical practice, Miller's Anesthesia, 9th Edition, remains the preeminent reference in the field. Dr. Michael Gropper leads a team of global experts who bring you the most up-to-date information available on the technical, scientific, and clinical issues you face each day – whether you’re preparing for the boards, studying for recertification, or managing a challenging patient care situation in your practice. Contains fully revised and updated content throughout, including numerous new videos online. Includes four new chapters: Clinical Care in Extreme Environments: High Pressure, Immersion, and Hypo- and Hyperthermia; Immediate and Long-Term Complications; Clinical Research; and Interpreting the Medical Literature. Addresses timely topics such as neurotoxicity, palliation, and sleep/wake disorders. Streamlines several topics into single chapters with fresh perspectives from new authors, making the material more readable and actionable. Features the knowledge and expertise of former lead editor Dr. Ronald Miller, as well as new editor Dr. Kate Leslie of the University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital. Provides state-of-the-art coverage of anesthetic drugs, guidelines for anesthetic practice and patient safety, new techniques, step-by-step instructions for patient management, the unique needs of pediatric patients, and much more – all highlighted by more than 1,500 full-color illustrations for enhanced visual clarity. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices, in addition to accessing regular updates, related websites, and an expanded collection of procedural videos. The initial printing of Miller’s Anesthesia, 9e contained a dosage error in chapter 26, "Intravenous Drug Delivery Systems," on page 771, Table 26.5 (Manual Infusion Schemes). A maintenance infusion of Dexmedetomidine was mistakenly reported as 0.3 – 0.7 mcg/kg/min instead of 0.3 – 0.7 mcg/kg/hr (or 0.005-0.015 mcg/kg/min). As of October 2, 2020 all stock has been corrected. If you find that you have a book with this error please contact publisher for correction sticker.

Fundamentals of Hernia Radiology

Download Fundamentals of Hernia Radiology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303121336X
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (312 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Hernia Radiology by : Salvatore Docimo Jr.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Hernia Radiology written by Salvatore Docimo Jr. and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-16 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a complete focus on the radiographic analysis of the abdominal wall and hernias. An estimated 20 million hernias are repaired annually throughout the world. As the technology utilized to complete hernia repairs becomes more complex, surgeons are required to have a more thorough understanding of the radiographic anatomy and diagnostic modalities used to evaluate hernias. Furthermore, the amount that now goes into the preoperative planning of hernias for complex repairs (such robotic and open transversus abdominis muscle release procedures) requires an understanding of radiology and the ability to identify nuances of anatomy offered by the imaging. The use of mesh and extent of re-do hernia repairs has also complicated radiographic evaluation of hernias. The text is a comprehensive review of abdominal wall imaging broken down into individual types of hernia. Each hernia type is discussed with consideration to the best type of imaging evaluation, unique radiographic findings and considerations prior to repair. Representative images, diagrams and videos are used to point out anatomy and features of the hernia. This text offers the first-of-its-kind standardized approach to evaluating hernias radiographically. Most importantly, each hernia and chapter is approached with the surgeon in mind, meaning, authors explain the radiology based on anatomy and with a plan for surgical repair on the horizon. Select chapters include illuminating videos to give context to the text. This is an ideal guide for practicing surgeons and trainees treating patients with hernias.

Laparo-endoscopic Hernia Surgery

Download Laparo-endoscopic Hernia Surgery PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3662554933
Total Pages : 471 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (625 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Laparo-endoscopic Hernia Surgery by : Reinhard Bittner

Download or read book Laparo-endoscopic Hernia Surgery written by Reinhard Bittner and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-25 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is distinctive in that it focuses exclusively on current laparoscopic and endoscopic techniques for inguinal, primary and incisional abdominal wall, and hiatal hernias. Individual steps in diagnosis and treatment are described by experts in the field, but this clinical expertise is also integrated with the best available external evidence from systematic research as encapsulated in statements, recommendations, and guidelines. The reader will thus not only learn how to perform techniques systematically and reproducibly but also come to understand which of the procedures have been scientifically validated by studies, reviews, and meta-analyses and which have simply developed empirically. The descriptions of technique are supplemented by detailed guidance on such aspects as indications, anesthesia, aftercare and pain management, and the prevention and management of complications. Where appropriate, careful comparisons are made of competing repair options, including open techniques. In summary, this book will help practicing surgeons to standardize their operative technique so as to reflect current scientific knowledge and thereby improve the quality of laparoscopic/endoscopic hernia surgery.

Pain Management

Download Pain Management PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190271809
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Pain Management by : Magdalena Anitescu

Download or read book Pain Management written by Magdalena Anitescu and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-01 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pain Management: A Problem-Based Learning Approach provides a comprehensive review of the dynamic and ever-changing field of pain medicine. Its problem-based format incorporates a vast pool of practical, ABA board-exam-style multiple-choice questions for self-assessment. Each its 46 case-based chapters is accompanied by 20 questions and answers, accessible online in a full practice exam. The cases presented are also unique, as each chapter starts with a case description, usually a compilation of several actual cases; it then branches out through case-based questions, to increasingly complex situations. This structure is designed to create an authentic experience that mirrors that of an oral board examination. The discussion sections that follow offer a comprehensive approach to the chapter's subject matter, thus creating a modern, complete, and up-to-date medical review of that topic. This book is equally a solid reference compendium of pain management topics and a comprehensive review to assist the general practitioner both in day-to-day practice and during preparation for certification exams. Its problem-based format makes it an ideal resource for the lifelong learner and the modern realities of education.

Fischer's Mastery of Surgery

Download Fischer's Mastery of Surgery PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN 13 : 1975176448
Total Pages : 8301 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (751 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Fischer's Mastery of Surgery by : E. Christopher Ellison

Download or read book Fischer's Mastery of Surgery written by E. Christopher Ellison and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2023-09-12 with total page 8301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For 40 years, Fischer’s Mastery of Surgery has provided expert, highly illustrated coverage of the procedures that general surgeons and trainees need to know. The fully revised eighth edition, under the editorial leadership of Drs. E. Christopher Ellison, Gilbert R. Upchurch Jr., Philip A. Efron, Steven D. Wexner, Nancy D. Perrier, V. Suzanne Klimberg, John H. Stewart IV, Valerie W. Rusch, Jon C. Gould, Susan Galandiuk, Timothy M. Pawlik, William C. Chapman, Benjamin K. Poulose, Peter K. Henke, Alicia M. Mohr, Saleem Islam, Anne M.R. Agur, Carol Scott-Conner, and David Renton continues the tradition of excellence with two full-color volumes that include the essentials of diagnosis, anatomy, and pre-operative planning while maintaining a focus on clear, step-by-step depictions and descriptions of procedures.

Surgical anatomy of the lateral transpsoas approach to the lumbar spine E-Book

Download Surgical anatomy of the lateral transpsoas approach to the lumbar spine E-Book PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0323673775
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (236 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Surgical anatomy of the lateral transpsoas approach to the lumbar spine E-Book by : R. Shane Tubbs

Download or read book Surgical anatomy of the lateral transpsoas approach to the lumbar spine E-Book written by R. Shane Tubbs and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2019-11-20 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surgical anatomy of the lateral transpsoas approach to the lumbar spine E-Book

Yao & Artusio’s Anesthesiology

Download Yao & Artusio’s Anesthesiology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN 13 : 1975120035
Total Pages : 2370 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (751 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Yao & Artusio’s Anesthesiology by : Fun-Sun F. Yao

Download or read book Yao & Artusio’s Anesthesiology written by Fun-Sun F. Yao and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2020-01-01 with total page 2370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Case-based and easy to use, Yao & Artusio’s Anesthesiology: Problem-Oriented Patient Management is the bestselling study and review reference preferred by both residents and practicing anesthesiologists. The revised Ninth Edition prepares you for the oral and written boards with more than 60 real-world cases accompanied by questions that conform to the four areas of questioning on the oral boards, reinforcing step-by-step critical thinking about today’s surgical anesthesia and patient management.