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Author : Paul Andrew Jowsey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (54 download)
Download or read book The Role of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 in the MDM2-p53 DNA Damage Response Pathway written by Paul Andrew Jowsey and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Alexander Bürkle
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387360050
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (873 download)
Download or read book Poly(ADP-Ribosyl)ation written by Alexander Bürkle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-11 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the most comprehensive, up-to-date reference on this post-translational modification of proteins, which is intimately linked with DNA repair, maintenance of genomic stability, transcriptional regulation, cell death and a variety of other cellular phenomena as well as with a variety of pathophysiological conditions, including ischemia-reperfusion damage, Parkinson’s disease, Type I diabetes mellitus, hemorrhagic and septic shock and other inflammatory conditions. Richly illustrated, it offers 19 chapters written by international experts.
Author : Amanda A. Riccio
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase 2 (PARP-2) Mechanism of DNA Damage Recognition and Allosteric Activation written by Amanda A. Riccio and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poly(ADP-ribose), or PAR, is a transient, posttranslational modification catalyzed by the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family of enzymes. PARPs utilize NAD+ as a substrate to generate PAR for self-attachment (termed automodification) or for attachment to target proteins. PARPs have been implicated in processes including, but not limited to: DNA damage repair, metabolic regulation, and programmed cellular death. There are 17 members of the PARP family of enzymes each characterized by the highly homologous C-terminal ADP-ribose transferase fold (ART) of the CAT domain. In contrast to the homology in this domain, the regulatory domains, such as N-terminal region (NTR) and tryptophan(W)-glycine(G)-arginine(R) (WGR) domain, are much less explored. The lack of identified structural information about PARP regulatory domains leaves a substantial gap in our knowledge. PARPs 1, 2, and 3 exhibit DNA damage-dependent activation and are known as DNA damage response PARPS (DDR-PARPs). During the response to DNA damage, DDR-PARPs recognize DNA breaks and increase the production of PAR. PAR aids in the recruitment of subsequent repair factors to the site of DNA damage. Together, PARP-1 and PARP-2 are essential enzymes, both playing key roles in the DNA damage response, but also in other cellular programs such as gene transcription. Despite extensive characterization of PARP-1, there is limited biochemical and structural analysis of PARP-2, which has a unique domain structure and several distinct cellular roles. Prior to the work presented here, several key aspects of PARP-2 mechanism were not established and thus limited our understanding of PARP-2 function, such as how PARP-2 selectively recognizes DNA repair intermediates and acts within a specific repair pathway. To clarify the role of PARP-2 in DNA repair pathways and the DNA damage response, we have undertaken a structural, biochemical, and cellular investigation of PARP-2. The work presented here has resulted in several novel insights into PARP-2 structure and function. specifically, we conclude that PARP-2 is selectively activated on 5'phosphorylated DNA breaks, which implicates PARP-2 specific activiation just prior to DNA break ligation in the DNA repair process. The data establishes that the NTR is natively disordered, recognizes specific DNA breaks, and requires assembly with other PARP-2 domains for a functional DNA damage recognition response. As a result of this research, it is now known that PARP-2 acts through an allosteric mechanism similar to PARP-1, whereby DNA damage recognition is transmitted to the catalytic domain (CAT) through interdomain communication. Additionally, it is now appreciated that the enzymatic activity of PARP-2 is regulated though the autoinhibitory helical domain (HD), a subdomain of CAT, which locally unfolds upon activation. The unfolding of a region in the HD is a unique allosteric mechanism by which the robust catalytic potential of PARP-2 is tightly regulated. Our comprehensive biochemical and structural approach to study PARP-2 in DNA damage repair further differentiates PARP-2 from other DNA damage-dependent PARPs and leads to a more detailed understanding of the activation mechanism of DDR-PARPs.
Author : David A. Frank
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402073402
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Signal Transduction in Cancer written by David A. Frank and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-12-31 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most exciting areas of cancer research now is the development of agents which can target signal transduction pathways that are activated inappropriately in malignant cells. The understanding of the molecular abnormalities which distinguish malignant cells from their normal counterparts has grown tremendously. This volume summarizes the current research on the role that signal transduction pathways play in the pathogenesis of cancer and how this knowledge may be used to develop the next generation of more effective and less toxic anticancer agents. Series Editor comments: "The biologic behavior of both normal and cancer cells is determined by critical signal transduction pathways. This text provides a comprehensive review of the field. Leading investigators discuss key molecules that may prove to be important diagnostic and/or therapeutic targets."
Author : Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309133343
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation written by Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-03-23 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the seventh in a series of titles from the National Research Council that addresses the effects of exposure to low dose LET (Linear Energy Transfer) ionizing radiation and human health. Updating information previously presented in the 1990 publication, Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation: BEIR V, this book draws upon new data in both epidemiologic and experimental research. Ionizing radiation arises from both natural and man-made sources and at very high doses can produce damaging effects in human tissue that can be evident within days after exposure. However, it is the low-dose exposures that are the focus of this book. So-called “late” effects, such as cancer, are produced many years after the initial exposure. This book is among the first of its kind to include detailed risk estimates for cancer incidence in addition to cancer mortality. BEIR VII offers a full review of the available biological, biophysical, and epidemiological literature since the last BEIR report on the subject and develops the most up-to-date and comprehensive risk estimates for cancer and other health effects from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation.
Author : Igor Kovalchuk
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0323856802
Total Pages : 762 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (238 download)
Download or read book Genome Stability written by Igor Kovalchuk and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-07-17 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genome Stability: From Virus to Human Application, Second Edition, a volume in the Translational Epigenetics series, explores how various species maintain genome stability and genome diversification in response to environmental factors. Here, across thirty-eight chapters, leading researchers provide a deep analysis of genome stability in DNA/RNA viruses, prokaryotes, single cell eukaryotes, lower multicellular eukaryotes, and mammals, examining how epigenetic factors contribute to genome stability and how these species pass memories of encounters to progeny. Topics also include major DNA repair mechanisms, the role of chromatin in genome stability, human diseases associated with genome instability, and genome stability in response to aging. This second edition has been fully revised to address evolving research trends, including CRISPRs/Cas9 genome editing; conventional versus transgenic genome instability; breeding and genetic diseases associated with abnormal DNA repair; RNA and extrachromosomal DNA; cloning, stem cells, and embryo development; programmed genome instability; and conserved and divergent features of repair. This volume is an essential resource for geneticists, epigeneticists, and molecular biologists who are looking to gain a deeper understanding of this rapidly expanding field, and can also be of great use to advanced students who are looking to gain additional expertise in genome stability. A deep analysis of genome stability research from various kingdoms, including epigenetics and transgenerational effects Provides comprehensive coverage of mechanisms utilized by different organisms to maintain genomic stability Contains applications of genome instability research and outcomes for human disease Features all-new chapters on evolving areas of genome stability research, including CRISPRs/Cas9 genome editing, RNA and extrachromosomal DNA, programmed genome instability, and conserved and divergent features of repair
Author : Kum Kum Khanna
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9048125618
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)
Download or read book The DNA Damage Response: Implications on Cancer Formation and Treatment written by Kum Kum Khanna and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-18 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ?eld of cellular responses to DNA damage has attained widespread recognition and interest in recent years commensurate with its fundamental role in the ma- tenance of genomic stability. These responses, which are essential to preventing cellular death or malignant transformation, are organized into a sophisticated s- tem designated the “DNA damage response”. This system operates in all living organisms to maintain genomic stability in the face of constant attacks on the DNA from a variety of endogenous by-products of normal metabolism, as well as exogenous agents such as radiation and toxic chemicals in the environment. The response repairs DNA damage via an intricate cellular signal transduction network that coordinates with various processes such as regulation of DNA replication, tr- scriptional responses, and temporary cell cycle arrest to allow the repair to take place. Defects in this system result in severe genetic disorders involving tissue degeneration, sensitivity to speci?c damaging agents, immunode?ciency, genomic instability, cancer predisposition and premature aging. The ?nding that many of the crucial players involved in DNA damage response are structurally and functionally conserved in different species spurred discoveries of new players through similar analyses in yeast and mammals. We now understand the chain of events that leads to instantaneous activation of the massive cellular responses to DNA lesions. This book summarizes several new concepts in this rapidly evolving ?eld, and the advances in our understanding of the complex network of processes that respond to DNA damage.
Author : Cai Huang
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9535107372
Total Pages : 482 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)
Download or read book Protein Phosphorylation in Human Health written by Cai Huang and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-09-06 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 15 chapters on protein phosphorylation and human health written by expert scientists. Covers most important research hot points, such as Akt, AMPK and mTOR. Bridges the basic protein phosphorylation pathways with human health and diseases. Detailed and comprehensive text with excellent figure illustration.
Author : Myron K. Jacobson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461585074
Total Pages : 543 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)
Download or read book ADP-Ribose Transfer Reactions written by Myron K. Jacobson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current interest in NAD (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) in biological systems focuses on its role in ADP-ribose transfer reactions. These appear to be fundamentally involved in the regulation of many physiological processes. The contributions in this monograph thus represent the range of research in the very active investigation of niacin metabolism. The major topics covered are: ??? - Enzymology of ADP-Ribosylation - ADP-Ribosylation and Chromatin Function - Carcinogenesis and Differentiation - NAD Metabolism and Chemotherapy - ADP-Ribosylation and Signal Transduction - Molecular Genetic Approaches to ADP-Ribosylation
Author : G.J.L. Kaspers
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780306460555
Total Pages : 664 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (65 download)
Download or read book Drug Resistance in Leukemia and Lymphoma III written by G.J.L. Kaspers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-09-30 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cellular drug resistance is a major limitation to the success of chemotherapy of leu kemia and lymphoma. The importance of this has now been recognized by both clinicians and scientists. It is of utmost importance to bridge the gap between laboratory and clinic in this field of research. This is the main purpose of the series of International Symposia on Drug Resistance in Leukemia and Lymphoma. These are held every three years in Am sterdam, The Netherlands, since 1992. This book contains the proceedings of the third of these meetings, organised in 1998. The book covers all important aspects of drug resistance in leukemia and lymphoma, both in the form of extensive reviews as in manuscripts describing original data. General mechanisms of resistance are discussed, including the drug resistance related proteins p glycoprotein, MRP (multi-drug resistance protein) and LRP (lung resistance protein), and the role of glutathione and glutathione-S-transferases. Moreover, more drug type-specific mechanisms of resistance are a topic, such as for glucocorticoids and antifolates. Much in formation is provided on apoptosis and its regulators, and on the results of cell culture drug resistance assays. Several papers focus on the modulation or circumvention of drug resistance.
Author : Dil Afroze
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1789239613
Total Pages : 127 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (892 download)
Download or read book Breast Cancer Biology written by Dil Afroze and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-07-08 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field of breast cancer biology. It is a complete and descriptive reference on motioning pathways and new treatment options for the future transnational scientists and clinicians working on cancer research and treatment. We greatly appreciate the work of all the contributors to this book. They have brought with them tremendous diversity of perspectives and fields, which is truly reflective of the complexity of the topic, and they have come together in this project to serve as the node of multidisciplinary collaboration in this field. Finally, we must acknowledge the thousands of cancer patients who have participated in the studies, and who have inspired us to gather information to significantly progress knowledge in the field in recent years.
Author : Rita Fior
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030118126
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Molecular and Cell Biology of Cancer written by Rita Fior and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-27 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook takes you on a journey to the basic concepts of cancer biology. It combines developmental, evolutionary and cell biology perspectives, to then wrap-up with an integrated clinical approach. The book starts with an introductory chapter, looking at cancer in a nut shell. The subsequent chapters are detailed and the idea of cancer as a mass of somatic cells undergoing a micro-evolutionary Darwinian process is explored. Further, the main Hanahan and Weinberg “Hallmarks of Cancer” are revisited. In most chapters, the fundamental experiments that led to key concepts, connecting basic biology and biomedicine are highlighted. In the book’s closing section all of these concepts are integrated in clinical studies, where molecular diagnosis as well as the various classical and modern therapeutic strategies are addressed. The book is written in an easy-to-read language, like a one-on-one conversation between the writer and the reader, without compromising the scientific accuracy. Therefore, this book is suited not only for advanced undergraduates and master students but also for patients or curious lay people looking for a further understanding of this shattering disease
Author : Jörg Reichrath
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030462277
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)
Download or read book Sunlight, Vitamin D and Skin Cancer written by Jörg Reichrath and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-11 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third edition is a comprehensive and updated overview of positive and negative effects of UV-exposure, with a focus on Vitamin D and skin cancer. Researchers, oncologists,and students will be provided with the most significant and timely information related to topics such as the epidemiology of skin cancer, the immune system and skin cancer, ultraviolet damage, DNA repair and Vitamin D in Nonmelanoma skin cancer and malignant melanoma. There have been a number of new, scientific findings in this fast moving field that necessitated a thoroughly updated and revised edition including new Vitamin D metabolites and skin cancer, new findings on the beneficial effects of UV and solar UV and skin cancer, adverse effects of sun protection and sunscreens, sun exposure and mortality, and more. The book will summarize essential, up-to-date information for every clinician or scientist interested in how to balance the positive and negative effects of UV‐exposure to minimize the risks of developing vitamin D deficiency and skin cancer.
Author : Guillermina Lozano
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781621821335
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)
Download or read book The P53 Protein written by Guillermina Lozano and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decades of research on the tumor suppressor p53 have revealed that it plays a significant role as a "guardian of the genome," protecting cells against genotoxic stress. In recent years, p53 research has begun to move into the clinic in attempts to understand how p53 is frequently inactivated in-and sometimes even promotes-human cancer. Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine covers the rapid progress that has recently been made in basic and clinical research on p53. The contributors review new observations about its basic biology, providing updates on the functions of its isoforms and domains, the myriad stresses and signals that trigger its activation or repression, and its downstream effects on genome stability and the cell cycle that enforce tumor suppression in different cell and tissue types. They also discuss how p53 dysfunction contributes to cancer, exploring the various inherited and somatic mutations in the human TP53 gene, the impact of mutant p53 proteins on tumorigenesis, and the prognostic value and clinical outcomes of these mutations. Drugs that are being developed to respond to tumors harboring aberrant p53 are also described. This book is therefore essential reading for all cancer biologists, cell and molecular biologists, and pharmacologists concerned with the treatment of this disease.
Author :
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1789238250
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (892 download)
Download or read book Neurodevelopment and Neurodevelopmental Disorder written by and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-11-27 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowadays, neurodevelopmental disorders comprise a large proportion of mental health diagnoses. These disorders, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, include intellectual disabilities, communication disorders, autism spectrum disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorders, specific learning disorders, and motor disorders. Current research is pointing in the direction of schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, and other disorders being included in the category of neurodevelopmental disorders as well. There is a great deal of overlap among these disorders and they are best understood in a dimensional fashion. This book sets out the future of psychiatry in relation to these disorders and what is basically a new understanding of psychiatry in recent decades. Chapters cover topics such as early recognition of schizophrenia, epilepsy, and the genetics of ataxia telangiectasia. Also included is an examination of the complex issue of systems biology and neurodevelopment.
Author : David E. Fisher
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1592592309
Total Pages : 441 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (925 download)
Download or read book Tumor Suppressor Genes in Human Cancer written by David E. Fisher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-10-26 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: David Fisher, MD, PhD, and an authoritative panel of academic, cutting-edge researchers review and summarize the current state of the field. Describing the broad roles of tumor suppressors from a perspective based in molecular biology and genetics, the authors detail the major suppressors and the pathways they regulate, including cell cycle progression, stress responses, apoptosis, and responses to DNA damage. Leading-edge and forward-looking, Tumor Suppressor Genes in Human Cancer illuminates what is currently known of tumor suppressor genes and their regulation, work that is already beginning to revolutionize cancer target elucidation, drug discovery, and treatment design.
Author : Leonard Hayflick
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780345401557
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)
Download or read book How and why We Age written by Leonard Hayflick and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "How long can humans live? Is immortality possible? Just what is the aging process? The aging and inevitable death of the human body have inspired more myths and outrageous quackery than anything else subject to scientific inquiry. . . . Now comes a most fascinating book, insightful and scholarly, to provide what answers have emerged so far." --San Francisco Chronicle Here, at last, preeminent cell biologist Leonard Hayflick presents the truth about human aging. Based on more than thirty years of pioneering research in the field, How and Why We Age explores not only how our major biological systems change as we grow older, but also examines the intangible alterations in our modes of thinking and feeling, our moods and sexual desires, our personality traits and our memories. With the immediacy of the latest scientific discoveries, Dr. Hayflick explains how aging affects every part of the body, and dispels many of the most persistent aging myths, to show that: * Hearts do not naturally get weaker with age. * Regular exercise and a low-fat diet won't slow aging. * Curing cancer would only add two years to the average sixty-five-year-old American life. Curing heart disease, however would add fourteen years. * Only five percent of people over the age of sixty-five are in nursing homes * No human has lived--or probably can live--past 120 years. Gracefully written, clearly organized, and packed with essential facts and statistics, How and Why We Age is a landmark study of the aging process for readers of all ages. "Written in clear, nontechnical language, it is an excellent introduction to the scientific and demographic literature on this multifacetedsubject." --Nature
