The Role Of Natural Gas In Californias Future Energy Requirements

Author : Pu Chen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781267967770
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (677 download)

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Download or read book Scenarios of California's Industrial Sector written by Pu Chen and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document reviews the energy use and technology of the industrial sector in California and methodology for making energy use projections to 2050. The industrial sector in California consumes 25% of the state's total energy use and roughly the same portion of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Most studies examining California's industrial sector and future energy use and GHG emissions are conducted in highly aggregated fashion based historical trends and assumptions about improvements at the sectorial level. None have conducted comprehensive bottom-up assessment examining technological change for each subsector and energy services. The first section describes the purpose of this study, gives an overview of California's industrial energy profile including energy use, major fuel types, and different industrial subsectors in energy modeling system. The section also discusses historical GHG emissions from the industrial sector. Section II examines California's manufacturing energy use, focusing on electric and natural gas energy intensity of manufacturing subsectors by Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) group, and then estimates electricity and natural gas consumption by subsector and end-use services using various methods. The third section describes the energy structure of California's non-manufacturing industries-- oil & gas extraction and combined heat and power (CHP). The study examines the distributions of CHPs in terms of capacity and number of sites in California and the potentials. Industrial end use technologies are examined in Section IV, including detailed description regarding their fuel use and efficiency across all industrial subsectors. This study uses a bottom-up approach to project the structure of the California's energy system efficiencies, costs, service demand growth, energy consumption, and GHG emissions to 2050. The projections are made based on a 2005 base year energy calibration and industrial output forecast taking into account technological change. Scenario analysis is conducted to evaluate the impact of various technology adoption and industrial structure changes on future energy use and GHG emissions. This study demonstrates that all the measures discussed in this study including development of technology efficiency, adoption of best available technology and industrial output reduction could reduce California's industrial GHG emissions at some levels, but none of them alone would make a substantial reduction, beyond 32%. Therefore, the industry needs an integrated strategy framework incorporating all feasible solutions, entailing both technology and economic output, in order to achieve the state's GHG emissions reduction target. This study explores the possible options for California industrial GHG reduction without taking economic factors into consideration. Future work will try to discover the most cost-effective climate strategies to meet the state's carbon mitigation target.