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The Role Of Human Biomonitoring In Assessing And Managing Chemical Risks In The Nordic Countries
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Book Synopsis The role of human biomonitoring in assessing and managing chemical risks in the Nordic countries by : Knudsen, Lisbeth E.
Download or read book The role of human biomonitoring in assessing and managing chemical risks in the Nordic countries written by Knudsen, Lisbeth E. and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2021-06-16 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2021-528/ The health of European citizens is an EC priority. In this context, the science-policy interface of the EU project HBM4EU -is particularly important, ensuring up-to-date and coordinated science-based information for policy makers. HBM in research in all Nordic countries has substantially benefited from HBM4EU participation – time trends, aligned studies, mechanistic studies, and method development/improvement are examples of HBM4EU activities in Nordic countries. And also vice versa, as- high quality, structured, reliable, well planned and effectively conducted HBM studies in Nordic countries have contributed significantly to HBM4EU.The chromate study conducted in HBM4EU can be considered exemplary, in terms of providing a science-based answer to a policy question.
Author :Northern Contaminants Program (Canada) Publisher :Northern Contaminants Program ISBN 13 : Total Pages :154 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (129 download)
Book Synopsis Canadian Arctic Contaminants Assessment Report by : Northern Contaminants Program (Canada)
Download or read book Canadian Arctic Contaminants Assessment Report written by Northern Contaminants Program (Canada) and published by Northern Contaminants Program. This book was released on 2003 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The cost of inaction by : Gretta Goldenman
Download or read book The cost of inaction written by Gretta Goldenman and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2019-03-17 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PFAS (per and polyfluoroalkylsubstances) are known to be extremely difficult to degrade in the environment and to be bioaccumulative and toxic. Exposure to PFAS is suspected to increase the risk of adverse health effects, such as impacts on the thyroid gland, the liver, fat metabolism and the immune system. This study estimates the socioeconomic costs that may result from impacts on human health and the environment from the use of PFAS. Better awareness of the costs and problems associated with PFAS exposure will assist decision-makers and the general public to make more efficient and timely risk management decisions. Findings indicate that the costs are substantial, with annual health-related costs estimated to 2.8 – 4.6 billion EUR for the Nordic countries and 52 – 84 billion EUR for all EEA countries. Overall non-health costs are estimated at 46 million – 11 billion EUR for the Nordic countries.Upon request the excel spreadsheets used for the monetarisation and valuation in this report can also be provided along with a guidance on how to use the estimation of costs for value transfer. Please contact any of the consultants or members of the steering group from the Swedish Chemicals Agency or the Danish Environmental Protection Agency if you are interested in receiving these excel spreadsheets.
Author :Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Publisher :Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ; [Montréal : Renouf] ISBN 13 :9789264122215 Total Pages : pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (222 download)
Book Synopsis OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals by : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ; [Montréal : Renouf]. This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Toxicological Profile for Toluene by :
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Toluene written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Human exposure assessment : a guide to risk ranking, risk reduction, and research planning by :
Download or read book Human exposure assessment : a guide to risk ranking, risk reduction, and research planning written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Public Health Response to Biological and Chemical Weapons by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Public Health Response to Biological and Chemical Weapons written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2004-01-21 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second edition of this publication which focuses on the public health aspects of the possible deliberate use of biological or chemical agents. Issues discussed include: the key principles for public health planning, risk assessment, hazard identification and evaluation, risk management strategies, and response planning as part of existing national emergency plans, disease surveillance and early warning systems, the national and international legal framework, and international sources of assistance. Technical annexes cover a range of issues including chemical agents, toxins, biological agents, principles of protection, precautions against the sabotage of drinking water, food and other products, information resources and the affiliation of WHO Member States to the international treaties on biological and chemical weapons.
Download or read book 1,3-butadiene written by K. Hughes and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1 3-Butadiene is a product of incomplete combustion resulting from natural processes and human activity. It is also an industrial chemical used primarily in the production of polymers. It enters the environment from exhaust emissions from gasoline and diesel-powered vehicles, from non-transportation fuel combustion, from biomass combustion and from industrial on-site uses. The highest atmospheric concentrations have been measured in air in cities and close to industrial sources. In this volume the risks to human health and the environment of this chemical are assessed. The general population is exposed to 1 3-Butadiene primarily through ambient and indoor air. Tobacco smoke may contribute significant amounts of 1 3-Butadiene. The available epidemiological and toxicological data provide evidence that 1 3-Butadiene is carcinogenic in humans and may also be genotoxic in humans.
Author :United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :728 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (318 download)
Book Synopsis How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease by : United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Book Synopsis Water Quality Assessments by : Deborah V Chapman
Download or read book Water Quality Assessments written by Deborah V Chapman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-08-22 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guidebook, now thoroughly updated and revised in its second edition, gives comprehensive advice on the designing and setting up of monitoring programmes for the purpose of providing valid data for water quality assessments in all types of freshwater bodies. It is clearly and concisely written in order to provide the essential information for all agencies and individuals responsible for the water quality.
Book Synopsis Science and Decisions by : National Research Council
Download or read book Science and Decisions written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-03-24 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk assessment has become a dominant public policy tool for making choices, based on limited resources, to protect public health and the environment. It has been instrumental to the mission of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as well as other federal agencies in evaluating public health concerns, informing regulatory and technological decisions, prioritizing research needs and funding, and in developing approaches for cost-benefit analysis. However, risk assessment is at a crossroads. Despite advances in the field, risk assessment faces a number of significant challenges including lengthy delays in making complex decisions; lack of data leading to significant uncertainty in risk assessments; and many chemicals in the marketplace that have not been evaluated and emerging agents requiring assessment. Science and Decisions makes practical scientific and technical recommendations to address these challenges. This book is a complement to the widely used 1983 National Academies book, Risk Assessment in the Federal Government (also known as the Red Book). The earlier book established a framework for the concepts and conduct of risk assessment that has been adopted by numerous expert committees, regulatory agencies, and public health institutions. The new book embeds these concepts within a broader framework for risk-based decision-making. Together, these are essential references for those working in the regulatory and public health fields.
Book Synopsis Effect-Directed Analysis of Complex Environmental Contamination by : Werner Brack
Download or read book Effect-Directed Analysis of Complex Environmental Contamination written by Werner Brack and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-05-29 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today more than 5 million chemicals are known and roughly 100,000 of them are frequently used, with both numbers rising. Many of these chemicals are ultimately released into the environment and may cause adverse effects to ecosystems and human health. Effect-directed analysis (EDA) is a promising tool for identifying predominant toxicants in complex, mostly environmental mixtures combining effect testing, fractionation and chemical analysis. In the present book leading experts in the field provide an overview of relevant approaches and tools used in EDA. This includes diagnostic biological tools, separation techniques and advanced analytical and computer tools for toxicant identification and structure elucidation. Examples of the successful application of EDA are discussed such as the identification of mutagens in airborne particles and sediments, of endocrine disruptors in aquatic ecosystems and of major toxicants in pulp and paper mill effluents. This book is a valuable, comprehensive and interdisciplinary source of information for environmental scientists and environmental agencies dealing with the analysis, monitoring and assessment of environmental contamination.
Author :Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher :Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 13 :9789251039809 Total Pages :40 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (398 download)
Book Synopsis Risk Management and Food Safety by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Download or read book Risk Management and Food Safety written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1997 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk analysis is widely recognised as the fundamental methodology underlying the development of food safety standards. As recognised in the 1995 consultation, risk analysis is composed of three separate but integrated elements, namely risk assessment, risk management and risk communication. That consultation recognised risk communication as an interactive process of exchange of information and opinion on risk among risk assessors, risk managers, and other interested parties. Risk management is defined within Codex as the process of weighing policy alternatives in the light of the results of risk assessment and, if required, selecting and implementing appropriate control options, including regulatory measures. The outcome of the risk management process, as undertaken by Committees within the Codex Alimentarius system, is the development of standards, guidelines and other recommendations for food safety, m the national situation it is likely that different risk management decisions could be made according to different criteria and different ranges of risk management options. The overall objective of Codex is to ensure consumer protection and to facilitate international trade.
Book Synopsis Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals by : National Research Council
Download or read book Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-11-30 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomonitoring—a method for measuring amounts of toxic chemicals in human tissues—is a valuable tool for studying potentially harmful environmental chemicals. Biomonitoring data have been used to confirm exposures to chemicals and validate public health policies. For example, population biomonitoring data showing high blood lead concentrations resulted in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) regulatory reduction of lead in gasoline; biomonitoring data confirmed a resultant drop in blood lead concentrations. Despite recent advances, the science needed to understand the implications of the biomonitoring data for human health is still in its nascent stages. Use of the data also raises communication and ethical challenges. In response to a congressional request, EPA asked the National Research Council to address those challenges in an independent study. Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals provides a framework for improving the use of biomonitoring data including developing and using biomarkers (measures of exposure), research to improve the interpretation of data, ways to communicate findings to the public, and a review of ethical issues.
Download or read book Coal Tar Creosote written by C. Melber and published by WHO. This book was released on 2004 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On cover: IPCS International Programme on Chemical Safety. Published under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organization and the World Health Organization, and produced within the framework of the Inter-organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC)
Book Synopsis Human biomonitoring at food authorities by : Irene Mattisson
Download or read book Human biomonitoring at food authorities written by Irene Mattisson and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2018-04-17 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human biomonitoring (HBM) can be defined as the systematic standardized measurement of a concentration of a substance or its metabolites in human tissues and is an important tool in evaluating exposure to chemicals. This report maps HBM studies performed at or initiated by food safety authorities in the Nordic countries and discuss problems and options for further work. The report shows that only few studies have been performed and it differs among the countries. Reasons for this could be that sampling blood and urine is demanding, there are ethical and privacy issues and analytical costs are high. More cooperation with researchers and between countries is needed. Food safety authorities have special responsibilities in cases of emergencies and disasters. In these cases HBM provides a good tool for exposure measurement but cooperation and infrastructure should be established beforehand.
Book Synopsis Industrial Arene Chemistry by : Jacques Mortier
Download or read book Industrial Arene Chemistry written by Jacques Mortier and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-03-17 with total page 2751 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Industrial Arene Chemistry Explore the wide array of uses for aromatic hydrocarbons in this comprehensive reference Aromatics are a class of compounds—normally but not exclusively organic—which tend to be produced as by-products of various industrial processes. Their importance as petrochemical materials in themselves, along with the range of inter-relations between different aromatic chemicals, creates a complex and opportunity-filled market for aromatics. Industrial Arene Chemistry provides a thorough look at the conventional techniques required to use and produce these aromatic hydrocarbons. Beginning with an overview of the global aromatic market—including, but not limited to, manufacturers, markets of BTX, and downstream functional aromatics, aromatics derived from renewable sources, and economic forecasts—the book will also explore the impact shifting environmental factors will have on the future of aromatic chemistry. The text further explores BTX production processes differentiated according to the raw materials used. Importantly, this will establish the importance and growth of the biobased chemical industry. Industrial Arene Chemistry readers will also find: Case studies that describe major elements of specific technologies prototyped by contributors/companies as part of ongoing market development efforts Process chapters that include summaries of the conventional techniques and a more detailed discussion of recent high-impact studies Recent advances in conventional aromatic reactions, including alkylation, acylation and carboxylation, hydrogenation/reduction, oxidation, nitration/amination, sulfonation, and halogenation Industrial Arene Chemistry is a useful reference for chemists and chemical engineers who work with aromatics.
