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The Role Of Faults And Fractures On Subsurface Fluid Flow In The Marcellus Shale Of The Appalachian Plateau In Western New York
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Book Synopsis The Role of Faults and Fractures on Subsurface Fluid Flow in the Marcellus Shale of the Appalachian Plateau in Western New York by : Talor Berek Walsh
Download or read book The Role of Faults and Fractures on Subsurface Fluid Flow in the Marcellus Shale of the Appalachian Plateau in Western New York written by Talor Berek Walsh and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Tectonic deformation associated with orogenies produces geologic structures at a variety of scales. This geologic architecture contains deformation structures whose characteristics provide information on the conditions of the deformation that produced them. Additionally, the new geologic architecture resulting from deformation influences how fluids flow in the subsurface; the hydraulic properties of rock are the result of the combined effects of the primary hydraulic characteristics of the rock (i.e., primary porosity), and the hydraulic characteristics of any deformation features (i.e., secondary porosity). In the upper crust, specifically in the foreland of mountain belts, fracturing is an important deformation process. Fracture occurs even in weakly deformed rocks, and because of this, fractures are important strain indicators. Fractures are also important because they can be conduits for fluid flow, especially in low permeability formations, leading to anisotropic fluid flow conditions. Although flow through fractures is an important component of fluid flow, it is difficult to determine which fractures will conduct fluids in the subsurface as fractures may close at depth due to the effect of lithostatic pressure. This thesis focuses on three aspects of this problem by seeking to (1) understand the effect of thrust faults on the regional fracture network present in the Marcellus shale; (2) compare the fracture network at the surface and at depth and determine the effects of stratigraphy on fracturing; and (3) map the trace metal concentrations of fracture fill to determine how different fracture sets conduct fluids."--Pages v-vi.
Book Synopsis Fracture Patterns In Marcellus Black Shale Across the Appalachian Basin of New York State by : Michael J. LaGamba
Download or read book Fracture Patterns In Marcellus Black Shale Across the Appalachian Basin of New York State written by Michael J. LaGamba and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Devonian Marcellus Formation is black shale with sporadic thin limestone layers that outcrops from New York to West Virginia. This formation exhibits fractures in outcrop that can serve as a model for understanding subsurface fracture pathways for natural gas migration or storage for CO 2 sequestration. In this study for CO 2 sequestration, fractures were recorded in the Marcellus Formation and adjacent units in order to characterize the fracture systems, and how these systems vary across the Appalachian Basin in New York State. I measured fracture attributes including spacing, strike, dip, apparent length and height, abutting relationships and sedimentary unit descriptions. Characteristics of fractures at the various sites are displayed in modified rose diagrams that show rose diagram petals as a function of fracture frequency, rather than numbers of fractures. The lower semicircle of the rose diagram is used to illustrate abutting relationships. The abutting relationships are also shown in stick diagrams, which display all abutting relationships in a more conceptual manner. Most outcrops across the Marcellus outcrop belt of New York State exhibit one dominant fracture set with strikes between 50° and 90°. The ENE orientation is the classic Set III of Engelder and Geiser (1980) and J1 of Lash and Engelder (2009). Variance away from 60° is found in central and eastern New York and supports earlier suggestions that a 60° fracture orientation in the black shales is not ubiquitous across the state (e. g., Jacobi et al., 2007). For example, a dominant fracture strike of greater than 80° typifies Marcellus in East Berne, Chittenango, and some regions near Marcellus, NY. Studies have suggested that J1 fractures are mostly gas generated, and increase in frequency down-section in the black shale where higher TOC occurs. Preliminary analysis of J1 spacing data show that the assumed higher TOC units that are low in the Marcellus section do not necessarily contain the highest fracture spacing. In some areas, fractures higher in the section display similar spacing. These anomalies suggest that fracture generation could depend on a complicated mix of factors including TOC and gas generation, broad tectonic activity, and local stresses related to fault activity.
Book Synopsis Fractures and Their Relation to Other Geological Data Sets Along the Southeastern Shore of Seneca Lake, New York State by :
Download or read book Fractures and Their Relation to Other Geological Data Sets Along the Southeastern Shore of Seneca Lake, New York State written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hydrothermally altered carbonates of the Trenton-Black River section are currently the most prolific natural gas exploration play in the Appalachian Plateau of New York State. The targets of this play are sag-style structures, which are associated with structures in the Precambrian basement. This research, conducted along the southeastern shore of Seneca Lake, demonstrates that the trends of deep faults observed in proprietary seismic and regional aeromagnetic data can be recognized at the surface through an integration of fracture intensification domains (FIDs), soil gas anomalies and EarthSat (1997) lineaments. The collected fracture data include nine characteristics for over 2550 individual fractures in the Devonian Catskill Delta sediments. The fracture frequency was determined for the four most prominent fracture sets, the NNW-, ENE-, N- and E-striking fracture sets. Spatial variations in fracture frequency are displayed through the use of modified rose diagrams and transects that run perpendicular to each set. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).
Book Synopsis Appalachian Fractured Reservoirs by :
Download or read book Appalachian Fractured Reservoirs written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow by : National Research Council
Download or read book Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-08-27 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific understanding of fluid flow in rock fracturesâ€"a process underlying contemporary earth science problems from the search for petroleum to the controversy over nuclear waste storageâ€"has grown significantly in the past 20 years. This volume presents a comprehensive report on the state of the field, with an interdisciplinary viewpoint, case studies of fracture sites, illustrations, conclusions, and research recommendations. The book addresses these questions: How can fractures that are significant hydraulic conductors be identified, located, and characterized? How do flow and transport occur in fracture systems? How can changes in fracture systems be predicted and controlled? Among other topics, the committee provides a geomechanical understanding of fracture formation, reviews methods for detecting subsurface fractures, and looks at the use of hydraulic and tracer tests to investigate fluid flow. The volume examines the state of conceptual and mathematical modeling, and it provides a useful framework for understanding the complexity of fracture changes that occur during fluid pumping and other engineering practices. With a practical and multidisciplinary outlook, this volume will be welcomed by geologists, petroleum geologists, geoengineers, geophysicists, hydrologists, researchers, educators and students in these fields, and public officials involved in geological projects.
Book Synopsis Characteristics of Thin-skinned Style of Deformation in the Southern Appalachians, and Potential Hydrocarbon Traps by : Leonard D. Harris
Download or read book Characteristics of Thin-skinned Style of Deformation in the Southern Appalachians, and Potential Hydrocarbon Traps written by Leonard D. Harris and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Description of and field guide to large- and small-scale features of thin-skinned tectonics in the Southern Appalachians, and a discussion of hydrocarbon production and potential.
Book Synopsis Multi-scale and Integrated Characterization of the Marcellus Shale in the Appalachian Basin by :
Download or read book Multi-scale and Integrated Characterization of the Marcellus Shale in the Appalachian Basin written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historic data from the Department of Energy Eastern Gas Shale Project (ESGP) were compiled to develop a database of geochemical analyses, well logs, lithological and natural fracture descriptions from oriented core, and reservoir parameters. The nine EGSP wells were located throughout the Appalachian Basin and intercepted the Marcellus Shale from depths of 750 meters (2500 ft) to 2500 meters (8200 ft). A primary goal of this research is to use these existing data to help construct a geologic framework model of the Marcellus Shale across the basin and link rock properties to gas productivity. In addition to the historic data, x-ray computerized tomography (CT) of entire cores with a voxel resolution of 240mm and optical microscopy to quantify mineral and organic volumes was performed. Porosity and permeability measurements in a high resolution, steady-state flow apparatus are also planned. Earth Vision software was utilized to display and perform volumetric calculations on individual wells, small areas with several horizontal wells, and on a regional basis. The results indicate that the lithologic character of the Marcellus Shale changes across the basin. Gas productivity appears to be influenced by the properties of the organic material and the mineral composition of the rock, local and regional structural features, the current state of in-situ stress, and lithologic controls on the geometry of induced fractures during stimulations. The recoverable gas volume from the Marcellus Shale is variable over the vertical stratigraphic section, as well as laterally across the basin. The results from this study are expected to help improve the assessment of the resource, and help optimize the recovery of natural gas.
Book Synopsis Fracture, Lineament, and Seismic Data: Indication of Fault Patterns in the Appalachian Basin in East-central New York State by : Kelly McGuire
Download or read book Fracture, Lineament, and Seismic Data: Indication of Fault Patterns in the Appalachian Basin in East-central New York State written by Kelly McGuire and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research is to integrate fracture mapping, LandSat lineaments (EarthSat, 1997), Digital Elevation Model (DEM) lineaments, aeromagnetic lineaments and seismic data to identify and trace fault systems across southern Chenango County, New York State.
Book Synopsis Marcellus and Other Devonian Gas Shales of the Appalachian Basin, New York & Pennsylvania by : Terry Engelder
Download or read book Marcellus and Other Devonian Gas Shales of the Appalachian Basin, New York & Pennsylvania written by Terry Engelder and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fracture Patterns, Lineaments and Seismic Reflection Data by :
Download or read book Fracture Patterns, Lineaments and Seismic Reflection Data written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study integrates surface structure data with faults observed in 2-D seismic reflection profiles and lineaments identified from aeromagnetic gradients, DEMs, slope aspect, and satellite imagery in order to map probable fault patterns. The study area is located in the Middle to Upper Devonian Catskill Delta Complex in the Appalachian Basin in central New York State. This previously unmapped study area is significant because of active oil and gas exploration in the region. Several characteristics of surface bedrock fractures were collected within the study area. Fracture characteristics include orientation, dip, spacing, fracture abutting relationships and fracture geometry. Fracture characteristics are displayed using modified rose diagrams to illustrate trends in orientation, frequency and fracture relationships. Three regional fracture orientations are common in the area. Fracture Intensification Domains (FIDs) are characterized by relatively closely spaced fractures; FIDs can indicate areas where faulting is probable. Each of the three regional fracture orientations have zones of closely spaced fractures. FIDs recognized at the surface correlate spatially with thrust and high angle faults observed in 2-D seismic and with lineaments. Lineaments identified from satellite imagery, DEMs, and aeromagnetic gradients are combined with exposed bedrock fracture data and seismic reflection data. Two anomalously long NW-striking aeromagnetic lineaments are located in the center of the study area. NNE- and NS-striking lineaments are dense where appropriately trending aeromagnetic gradients are located. NNE-, WNW-, ENE-striking lineaments are also coincident with fractures and FID orientations. The integration of these data promote mapping of FIDs in order to define areas with a higher probability of faults. This fault map will point to exploring areas that should be high-graded in the exploration for fractured-plays.
Book Synopsis Hydraulic Fracturing in the Marcellus Shale by : Theodore F. Them
Download or read book Hydraulic Fracturing in the Marcellus Shale written by Theodore F. Them and published by . This book was released on 2014-04-15 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Characterization of Faults in the Appalachian Foldbelt by : A. Leroy Odom
Download or read book A Characterization of Faults in the Appalachian Foldbelt written by A. Leroy Odom and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of Fracture Orientation and Anisotropy on Hydraulic Fracture Conductivity in the Marcellus Shale by : Mark John McGinley
Download or read book The Effects of Fracture Orientation and Anisotropy on Hydraulic Fracture Conductivity in the Marcellus Shale written by Mark John McGinley and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Production of hydrocarbons from low-permeability shale reservoirs has become economically feasible thanks in part to advances in horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing. Together, these two techniques help to create a network of highly-permeable fractures, which act as fluid conduits from the reservoir to the wellbore. The efficacy of a fracturing treatment can best be determined through fracture conductivity analysis. Fracture conductivity is defined as the product of fracture permeability and fracture width, and describes both how much and how easily fluid can flow through fractures. It is therefore directly related to well performance. The goal of this work is to explore fracture conductivity of Marcellus shale samples fractured in both horizontal and vertical orientations. The Marcellus shale, located primarily in Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, New York, and Maryland, is the largest gas-bearing shale formation in North America, and its development has significant implications on regional economies, the northeast United States' energy infrastructure, and the availability of petrochemical plant feedstock. In this work, a series of experiments was conducted to determine the propped fracture conductivity of 23 different samples from Elimsport and Allenwood, Pennsylvania. Before conductivity measurements were taken, the pedigree of samples was verified through XRD analysis, elastic rock properties were measured and compared against literature values, and fracture surface contours were mapped and measured. Fracture conductivity of both horizontally and vertically-fracture samples was determined by measuring the pressure drop of nitrogen gas through a modified API conductivity cell. Results show that fracture conductivity varies as a function of fracture orientation only when anisotropy of the rock's mechanical properties is pronounced. It is hypothesized that the anisotropy of Young's Modulus and Poisson's Ratio play a significant role in fracture mechanics, and therefore in the width of hydraulically-induced fractures. Ultimately, the experiments conducted as part of this work show that fracture conductivity trends are strongly tied to both proppant concentration and the rock's mechanical properties. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155300
Book Synopsis Devonian Shale, Production and Potential by : R. C. Shumaker
Download or read book Devonian Shale, Production and Potential written by R. C. Shumaker and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Fracture Growth and Gas/Fluid Migration As Horizontal Marcellus Shale Gas Wells Are Hydraulically Fractured in Gre by : Richard W. Hammack
Download or read book Evaluation of Fracture Growth and Gas/Fluid Migration As Horizontal Marcellus Shale Gas Wells Are Hydraulically Fractured in Gre written by Richard W. Hammack and published by . This book was released on 2014-11-15 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Report of a field study that monitored the induced fracturing of six horizontal Marcellus Shale gas wells in Greene County, PA. Research objectives were: (1) to determine the maximum height of fractures created by hydraulic fracturing at this location; and (2) to determine if natural gas or fluids from the hydraulically fractured Marcellus Shale had migrated 3,800 ft upward to an overlying Upper Devonian/Lower Mississippian gas field during or after hydraulic fracturing. Conclusions: (1) the impact of hydraulic fracturing on the rock mass did not extend to the upper Devonian/Lower Mississippian gas field; and (2) there has been no detectable migration of gas or aqueous fluids to the upper Devonian/Lower Mississippian gas field during the monitored period after hydraulic fracturing. Tables and figure. This is a print on demand report.
Book Synopsis 3D Seismic Interpretation and Well Log Analysis of the Marcellus Shale of the Appalachian Basin at Taylor County, West Virginia by : Lierong Zhu
Download or read book 3D Seismic Interpretation and Well Log Analysis of the Marcellus Shale of the Appalachian Basin at Taylor County, West Virginia written by Lierong Zhu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Special Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
