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The Role Of Biodegradation And Sorption In Determining The Fate Of Nonionic Surfactants In The Environment
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Book Synopsis The Role of Biodegradation and Sorption in Determining the Fate of Nonionic Surfactants in the Environment by : Kathleen A. Wight
Download or read book The Role of Biodegradation and Sorption in Determining the Fate of Nonionic Surfactants in the Environment written by Kathleen A. Wight and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biodegradability of Surfactants by : D.R. Karsa
Download or read book Biodegradability of Surfactants written by D.R. Karsa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The awareness and development of 'biodegradable' surfactants pre-dates current pressures by the environmental movement by nearly three decades, wherein a responsible industry mutually agreed to replace 'hard', non-biodegradable com ponents of household detergents by 'soft', biodegradable alternatives, without course to legislation. The only requirement at that time was for surfactants used in detergents to exhibit a 'primary biodegradability' in excess of 80%; this referring to the disap pearance or removal from solution of the intact surface active material as de tected by specified analytical techniques. This proved useful, as observed environmental impacts of surfactants, e.g. visible foam on rivers, are associated with the intact molecule. Test methods for 'primary biodegradability' were eventually enshrined in EU legislation for nonionic surfactants (Directive 821242/EEC, amended 73/404IEEC) and for anionic surfactants (Directive 8212431EEC, amended 73/405IEEC). No approved test methods and resultant legislation have been developed for cationic and amphoteric surfactants to date. The environmental classification of chemical substances, which of course includes surfactants, and associated risk assessment utilises a second criterion 'ready biodegradability'. This may be assessed by a number of methods which monitor oxygen uptake (BOD), carbon dioxide production or removal of dis solved organic carbon (DOC). Some surfactants which comply with the above Detergents Directive are borderline when it comes to 'ready biodegradability'.
Book Synopsis Analysis and Fate of Surfactants in the Aquatic Environment by : Thomas P. Knepper
Download or read book Analysis and Fate of Surfactants in the Aquatic Environment written by Thomas P. Knepper and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-08-22 with total page 995 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An understanding of the fate and behaviour of organic chemicals, such as surfactants, in the environment is a prerequisite for the sustainable development of human health and ecosystems. As surfactants are being produced in huge amounts, it is important to have a detailed knowledge about their lifetime in the environment, their biodegradability in wastewater treatment plants and in natural waters, and their ecotoxicity. Parameters relevant for the assessment of long-term behaviour, such as interactions with hormonal systems need to be understood to avoid unexpected adverse effects to future generations of people and the environment. However, the identification and quantification of commercial surfactants in the environment is made more complicated and cumbersome because they comprise of tens to hundreds of homologues, oligomers and isomers of anionic, nonionic, cationic and amphoteric compounds.The EU-funded PRISTINE project (Priority surfactants and their toxic metabolites in wastewater effluents: An integrated study; ENV4-CT97-0494) provides the basis for the content of this title. It provides policy makers and industry with detailed information on analysis and concentrations of surfactants and their degradation products in the environment.In addition to a general introduction to surfactants, this book comprises a comprehensive variety of analytical techniques, including sample handling, for the analysis of surfactants in the aquatic environment. Readers will find all the necessary information for analyzing the different groups of surfactants, with special emphasis on transformation products. Quality assurance is also reported on in detail. Chapters on toxicity and risk assessment are also included and give a complete perspective on the surfactants problem in the aquatic environment. · Presents the finding of EU-funded research into fate and behaviour of organic chemicals in the environment· Comprises a comprehensive variety of analytical techniques, including sample handling, for the analysis of surfactants in the aquatic environment· Provides relevant information to all groups working in the field of surfactants
Book Synopsis Surfactant Biodegradation, Second Edition, by : Robert Donald Swisher
Download or read book Surfactant Biodegradation, Second Edition, written by Robert Donald Swisher and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1986-10-31 with total page 1120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Environmental and Human Safety of Major Surfactants by : Sylvia S. Talmage
Download or read book Environmental and Human Safety of Major Surfactants written by Sylvia S. Talmage and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-04-08 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book summarizes and reviews the environmental and human safety of two classes of nonionic surfactants-alcohol ethoxylates (AE) and alkylphenol ethoxylates (APE). This unique resource contains critical data from published sources as well as from unpublished studies submitted by Soap and Detergent Association member companies. It reviews information on product chemistry and analysis, biodegradation, environmental levels (including fate and distribution), aquatic toxicity, and human safety. Recently developed analytical techniques for the extraction, separation, detection, and measurement of nonionic surfactants and their metabolites in environmental samples are described. Results of biodegradation studies performed with a variety of test systems are tabulated, as are results of field studies at wastewater treatment plants. Reported comparisons of environmental levels with results of acute and chronic aquatic toxicity tests are provided. The information on the toxicity and irritation potential of AE and APE surfactants includes data from in vitro, mammalian, and human studies.
Book Synopsis Analysis and Fate of Surfactants in the Aquatic Environment by : Thomas P. Knepper
Download or read book Analysis and Fate of Surfactants in the Aquatic Environment written by Thomas P. Knepper and published by Elsevier Science. This book was released on 2003 with total page 1004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An understanding of the fate and behaviour of organic chemicals, such as surfactants, in the environment is a prerequisite for the sustainable development of human health and ecosystems. As surfactants are being produced in huge amounts, it is important to have a detailed knowledge about their lifetime in the environment, their biodegradability in wastewater treatment plants and in natural waters, and their ecotoxicity. Parameters relevant for the assessment of long-term behaviour, such as interactions with hormonal systems need to be understood to avoid unexpected adverse effects to future generations of people and the environment. However, the identification and quantification of commercial surfactants in the environment is made more complicated and cumbersome because they comprise of tens to hundreds of homologues, oligomers and isomers of anionic, nonionic, cationic and amphoteric compounds.The EU-funded PRISTINE project (Priority surfactants and their toxic metabolites in wastewater effluents: An integrated study; ENV4-CT97-0494) provides the basis for the content of this title. It provides policy makers and industry with detailed information on analysis and concentrations of surfactants and their degradation products in the environment.In addition to a general introduction to surfactants, this book comprises a comprehensive variety of analytical techniques, including sample handling, for the analysis of surfactants in the aquatic environment. Readers will find all the necessary information for analyzing the different groups of surfactants, with special emphasis on transformation products. Quality assurance is also reported on in detail. Chapters on toxicity and risk assessment are also included and give a complete perspective on the surfactants problem in the aquatic environment.
Book Synopsis Surfactant Biodegradation by : Robert Donald Swisher
Download or read book Surfactant Biodegradation written by Robert Donald Swisher and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Detergents and the Environment by : Milan Johann Schwuger
Download or read book Detergents and the Environment written by Milan Johann Schwuger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-09-12 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers coverage of the environmental behaviour of detergent additives, focusing on physiochemical interactions with soil and sediments. This text presents the current state of knowledge on recently introduced detergent additives, including zeolites, polycarboxylate compounds, ethylene dinitrilotetraacetic acid (EDTA), and nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA).
Book Synopsis Surfactants from Renewable Raw Materials by : Divya Bajpai Tripathy
Download or read book Surfactants from Renewable Raw Materials written by Divya Bajpai Tripathy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-12-21 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surfactants are often completely invisible to us and yet they are present in almost every chemical that we use in our daily life. They are found in toothpastes, cosmetics, sunscreens, mayonnaise, detergents, and an array of cleaning products. Traditional surfactants are known to have adverse environmental impacts spurring research into eco-friendly and cost-effective surfactants from renewable resources. Surfactants from Renewable Raw Materials examines the class of surfactants synthesized using plant-based raw materials detailing their properties, applications, bioavailability, and biodegradability. The concluding chapter reviews patent activity over the last decade. Additional features include: Addresses the tremendous variation found in the raw materials used to synthesize commercially available surfactants. Explores the selection of raw materials based upon the desired hydrophobic group or hydrophilic group to be incorporated into the product. Examines the characteristics and medicinal applications of pulmonary surfactants in preterm babies as well as their probable contribution in COVID-19 Discusses the biodegradability of surfactants to assist with the determination of truly green surfactants. This comprehensive reference will prove indispensable for professional and academic researchers creating or working with bio-based surfactants.
Book Synopsis Effect of Surfactants on the Sorption and Transport of Cu(II) in a Sandy Soil, Batch, Column Experiments and Modeling by :
Download or read book Effect of Surfactants on the Sorption and Transport of Cu(II) in a Sandy Soil, Batch, Column Experiments and Modeling written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Adsorption and Its Applications in Industry and Environmental Protection: Applications in environmental protection by : A. Dąbrowski
Download or read book Adsorption and Its Applications in Industry and Environmental Protection: Applications in environmental protection written by A. Dąbrowski and published by Elsevier Science & Technology. This book was released on 1999 with total page 1106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hardbound. Volume II contains chapters written by authoritative specialists on the broad spectrum of environmental topics in order to find a way for intense anthropogenic activities to coexist with the natural environment. The book highlights a wide spectrum of themes referring to the environmental analysis and control and molecular modelling of both sorbents and adsorption environmentally-friendly processes. Also covered are new trends in applications of colloidal science for protecting soil systems, purification and production of drinking water, water and groundwater treatment, new environmental adsorbents for removal of pollutants from wastewaters and sewages, selective sorbents for hot combustion gases, some corrosion aspects and ecological adsorption of heating and cooling pumps.The volume concludes with a comprehensive bibliography, which includes the period 1967-1997, on adsorptive separations, environmental applications, PSA, parametric pumping
Book Synopsis Cationic Surfactants by : John Cross
Download or read book Cationic Surfactants written by John Cross and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-28 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work focuses on the environmental availability and effects, toxicological properties and numerous applications of cationic surfactants, detaling the modern analytical processes by which this important class of compounds may be studied. It discusses the types of microorganisms that are susceptible or refractory to the actions of cationic agents.
Book Synopsis The Science of the Total Environment by :
Download or read book The Science of the Total Environment written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 858 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An international journal for scientific research into the environment and its relationship with man.
Book Synopsis Novel Surfactants by : Krister Holmberg
Download or read book Novel Surfactants written by Krister Holmberg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-07-03 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extensively revised and expanded, this timely reference discusses the synthesis, properties, and potential applications of popular and emerging surfactant compounds and systems. This reference reflects current research trends in green surfactants, the production of surfactants using biotechnological methods, and surfactants based on natural buildin
Author :Standards Association of Australia. Committee CH/11, Biodegradability of Detergents Publisher : ISBN 13 :9780726209277 Total Pages :40 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (92 download)
Book Synopsis Method for Determining the Biodegradability of Surfactants by : Standards Association of Australia. Committee CH/11, Biodegradability of Detergents
Download or read book Method for Determining the Biodegradability of Surfactants written by Standards Association of Australia. Committee CH/11, Biodegradability of Detergents and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Environmental Health Perspectives by :
Download or read book Environmental Health Perspectives written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Role of Colloidal Systems in Environmental Protection by : Monzer Fanun
Download or read book The Role of Colloidal Systems in Environmental Protection written by Monzer Fanun and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-02-08 with total page 715 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Role of Colloidal Systems in Environmental Protection describes the importance of colloids in many applications that contribute to environmental protection, including drinking water and wastewater treatment, heavy metal remediation, treatment of radioactive materials, corrosion, and energy conversion. Knowledge of the physical and chemical composition of colloids is important to understand and accurately model the relevant processes. The book familiarizes the reader with the technological features of the application of colloids in environmental protection, and provides chemical engineers, researchers, and scientists in academic and corporate communities with the latest developments in this field. Each chapter covers the whole spectrum of the relevant science, from the fundamentals to applications. Provides the applied technological features of colloids in environmental protection Gives insight into the use of bio-solid colloids as contaminant carriers Covers the natural occurrence of biosurfactants in the environment and their applications Provides information on the use of nanoparticles for environmental applications Chapters written by recognized and respected experts in the field from all over the world
