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Author : K. R. N. Hansen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 51 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (429 download)
Download or read book The Roasting of Refractory Gold Ores and Concentrates written by K. R. N. Hansen and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 85 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (921 download)
Download or read book Refractory Gold Ores. Report on Investigations Into Roasting of Gold Concentrates in the Edwards Roaster of the Fairview, and the New Consort Reduction Plants written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Outlines are given with extracts from the literature of the reasons for roasting, of the reactions that occur during roasting, and of the theory of gold dissolution in aerated cyanide solutions. Sampling of three roasters in the Barberton Area, Eastern Transvaal, is described, and the results of gold cyanidation experiments on both washed and unwashed roaster samples are presented. Chemical, X-ray-diffraction, and mineralogical investigations of the samples were undertaken, and the results obtained by these three techniques are compared and used to outline the sequence of reactions occurring in the roasters. Theoretical calculations, based on free-energy data, are used to show that when roasting is carried out at temperatures below approximately 500 degrees C, Fe2O3 should be the immediate product of the roasting reaction, whereas above this temperature Fe3O4 should be the initial oxide formed. Fe2O3 should be formed only when no more sulphide is present. Of the roasters sampled, Fe2O3 was detected in samples taken in the early stages of roasting in only one of them. All other evidence also indicated that the roasting temperatures in the other two roasters were higher than those of the former and that this results in a calcine that is less porous and less fully oxidized. It is demonstrated that the washing of the roaster products before cyanidation could lead to improved gold recoveries, with lower lime and cyanide consumption.
Author : John C. Yannopoulos
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468484257
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)
Download or read book The Extractive Metallurgy of Gold written by John C. Yannopoulos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of gold begins in antiquity. Bits of gold were found in Spanish caves that were used by Paleolithic people around 40,000 B.C. Gold is the "child of Zeus," wrote the Greek poet Pindar. The Romans called the yellow metal aurum ("shining dawn"). Gold is the first element and first metal mentioned in the Bible, where it appears in more than 400 references. This book provides the most thorough and up-to-date information available on the extraction of gold from its ores, starting with the miner alogy of gold ores and ending with details of refining. Each chapter con cludes with a list of references including full publication information for all works cited. Sources preceded by an asterisk (*) are especially recom mended for more in-depth study. Nine appendices, helpful to both students and operators, complement the text. I have made every attempt to keep abreast of recent technical literature on the extraction of gold. Original publications through the spring of 1989 have been reviewed and cited where appropriate. This book is intended as a reference for operators, managers, and designers of gold mills and for professional prospectors. It is also designed as a textbook for extractive metallurgy courses. I am indebted to the Library of Engineering Societies in New York, which was the main source of the references in the book. The assistance of my son, Panos, in typing the manuscript is gratefully acknowledged.
Author : Neale Neelameggham
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319481886
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)
Download or read book Rare Metal Technology 2015 written by Neale Neelameggham and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection presents the papers from a symposium on extraction of rare metals as well as rare extraction processing techniques used in metal production. Paper topics include the extraction and processing of elements like antimony, arsenic, calcium, chromium, hafnium, gold, indium, lithium, molybdenum, niobium, rare earth metals, rhenium, scandium, selenium, silver, strontium, tantalum, tellurium, tin, tungsten, vanadium, and zirconium. Rare processing techniques presented include bio leaching, molecular recognition technology, recovery of valuable components of commodity metals such as magnesium from laterite process wastes, titanium from ilmenites, and rare metals from wastes such as phosphors and LCD monitors.
Author : Mike D. Adams
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080459080
Total Pages : 1077 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)
Download or read book Advances in Gold Ore Processing written by Mike D. Adams and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-12-02 with total page 1077 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The gold processing industry is experiencing change. As free-milling and oxide ores become depleted, more complex polymetallic and refractory ores are being processed, coupled with increasing pressure for stricter environmental compliance. Recent years have also seen a steady reduction in mineral processing and metallurgy graduates and a gradual loss of older operating experience. A contribution to documenting current and future best practice in gold ore processing seems timely. The focus of this volume is on advances in current gold plant operation, from conception to closure; chapters also cover innovations at the bench and pilot-scale level that would be expected to find commercial application at some stage. Sufficient coverage is also given to the chemistry and engineering aspects. The general principle behind the structure of the volume is that of flowsheeting based on unit operations and applied to a mineralogical classification of gold ore types. From concept to closure, this book covers all unit operations, mineralogies and processes that are relevant to dealing with today's complex orebodies. Practical experience is vital to the successful development, operation and closure of any operation. The 42 chapters have been contributed by a total of 66 authors and co-authors who are experts from countries spanning the globe, and representing exhaustive practical knowledge covering many disciplines relevant to gold processing. * Current best practice as elucidated by a select panel of experts in the field* Innovations at the bench and pilot-scale level that would be expected to find commercial application at some stage* Mineralogical-based approach to flowsheeting
Author : René R. Fernández
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (294 download)
Download or read book Process for Treating Refractory Gold Ores by Roasting Under Oxidizing Conditions written by René R. Fernández and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : John Marsden
Publisher : SME
ISBN 13 : 9780873352406
Total Pages : 688 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (524 download)
Download or read book The Chemistry of Gold Extraction written by John Marsden and published by SME. This book was released on 2006 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extensively revised and updated, this edition provides the broad base of knowledge required by all working in the gold extraction and gold processing industries. It bridges the gap between research and industry by emphasizing practical applications of chemical principles and techniques.
Author : Thomas Battle
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319482459
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)
Download or read book Drying, Roasting, and Calcining of Minerals written by Thomas Battle and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in this volume give the reader focused information on the important extractive metallurgy unit operations of drying, roasting, and calcining
Author : Douglas E. Rawlings
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662061112
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)
Download or read book Biomining written by Douglas E. Rawlings and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomining is the use of microorganisms in the recovery of metals from ores. During bioleaching, metals such as copper, nickel or zinc are oxidized through microbial action from the water-insoluble sulfide to the soluble sulfate forms. Although gold is inert to microbial action, microbes can also be used in gold recovery from certain types of ores because as they oxidize the ore, they open up its structure, thereby allowing a gold-solubilizing agent such as cyanide to penetrate the ore. The book describes several industrial bioleaching and biooxidation processes as well as the underlying theory and biology of the microbes involved.
Author : G. G. Stanley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 674 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book The Extractive Metallurgy of Gold in South Africa written by G. G. Stanley and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mike D. Adams
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444636706
Total Pages : 1050 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (446 download)
Download or read book Gold Ore Processing written by Mike D. Adams and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-05-03 with total page 1050 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gold Ore Processing: Project Development and Operations, Second Edition, brings together all the technical aspects relevant to modern gold ore processing, offering a practical perspective that is vital to the successful and responsible development, operation, and closure of any gold ore processing operation. This completely updated edition features coverage of established, newly implemented, and emerging technologies; updated case studies; and additional topics, including automated mineralogy and geometallurgy, cyanide code compliance, recovery of gold from e-waste, handling of gaseous emissions, mercury and arsenic, emerging non-cyanide leaching systems, hydro re-mining, water management, solid–liquid separation, and treatment of challenging ores such as double refractory carbonaceous sulfides. Outlining best practices in gold processing from a variety of perspectives, Gold Ore Processing: Project Development and Operations is a must-have reference for anyone working in the gold industry, including metallurgists, geologists, chemists, mining engineers, and many others. Includes several new chapters presenting established, newly implemented, and emerging technologies in gold ore processing Covers all aspects of gold ore processing, from feasibility and development stages through environmentally responsible operations, to the rehabilitation stage Offers a mineralogy-based approach to gold ore process flowsheet development that has application to multiple ore types
Download or read book Investigation of Refractory Gold Ores. Suggestions for Future Work on Refractory Gold Ores of the Barberton Goldfield written by and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a result of both the writer's visit to the Kalgoorlie goldfield in Western Australia and the testwork conducted in the Government Metallurgical Laboratory on refractory gold ores, several recommendations have been made in this report for future work on the refractory gold ores from the Barberton goldfield. The conclusion has been drawn that it is unlikely that a treatment method, for oxidation of auriferous sulphide concentrates, economically superior to roasting will be developed. Consequently, eight recommendations, oriented towards the possibility of increasing the income of the Barberton mines, have been made. These recommendations, which aim at reducing the gold content of all waste material discarded from the reduction works and developing the recovery of saleable material other than gold, are as follows: 1. That cyanidation of the flotation concentrate be investigated with special reference to reducing the gold value of the calcine cyanidation residue and to the recovery of silver. 2. That the method of roasting be assessed with a view to improving, if warranted, control over the chemical reactions involved during roasting. 3. That testwork be continued on the recovery of gold from the calcine cyanidation residue. 4. That methods for reducing the gold content of the flotation tailings be investigated. 5. That the recovery of arsenic and gold from the flue gases be investigated. 6. That the recovery of elemental sulphur, or alternatively, the manufacture of sulphuric acid be investigated. 7. That the recovery of gold from the carbonaceous scum from the Sheba mine be investigated. 8. That the pressure oxidation of the auriferous sulphide concentrate be investigated.
Download or read book Investigation of Refractory Gold Ores. Laboratory-scale Tests on the Roasting of Ore from the Mount Morgan Mine written by and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The construction and the operation of the kiln is described. The effect of the temperature and the residence time in the kiln on the subsequent gold recovery, and on the arsenic, sulphur, and carbon contents of the product, have been investigated. Activation of the carbon, by roasting, yields low gold-extraction figures, owing to the precipitation of the gold onto the carbon. At high temperatures (ie, 730 degrees C), where the carbon is substantially burnt off, the gold extraction increases to a value of 74.5 per cent. The alloying or coating of the gold by lead compounds or other constituents in the ore during roasting is thought to be the cause of the limit to the maximum gold extraction figures obtained. Arsenic does not appear to have any effect on the extraction of gold from the ore. The pyrite surrounding the gold particles is decomposed and cracked during roasting, thus allowing penetration by the cyanide solution.
Author : Ralph Carter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 47 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (66 download)
Download or read book The Influence of Roasting Temperature Upon Gold Recovery from a Refractory Gold Ore written by Ralph Carter and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : G L Strathdee
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483191109
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (831 download)
Download or read book Crystallization and Precipitation written by G L Strathdee and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-12-05 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crystallization and Precipitation is a collection of papers that discusses the advancement in crystallization and precipitation technology. The titles assess the relative state of evolution of the science, engineering and practice in crystallization and precipitation. The coverage of the text includes chemical reactor approach to crystallizer analysis; uranium refining by uranyl nitrate hexahydrate crystallization; and valorization of liquid effluents by crystallization of sodium sulfate. The selection also covers precipitation of ferric arsenate from acid solutions; precipitation of silver on natural and synthetic sulphides theory and prospects of industrial use; and precipitation and its alternatives in the hydrometallurgy of gold. The book will be of great use to researchers and professionals who utilizes the mineral processes of crystallization and precipitation.
Author : James Kofi Afidenyo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (257 download)
Download or read book Microbial Pre-treatment of Double Refractory Gold Ores written by James Kofi Afidenyo and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of microorganisms notably bacteria in mineral processing industry is presently one of the leading emerging pre-treatment techniques being employed for the processing of double refractory gold ores and concentrates. Currently numerous studies are in progress to further improve upon the efficiency of the bacterial process and to investigate the potential of other microorganisms. In this study, microbial pre-treatment of double refractory gold ore (sample A) and concentrate (sample B) was investigated using a white-rot fungus, Tramestes versicolor (ATTC 20869). Pulp density, temperature, pH and retention times were the process variables considered. Preliminary studies investigated the amenability of selected pure sulfide sulfur minerals, various types of coal and ore sample A to fungal degradation. Various pre-treatment scenarios were also studied to optimize gold extraction. These were single stage, a two-step and two stage processes involving the well known chemolithotrophic bacteria Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans (ATTC 15494), Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (ATTC 19859) and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans (ATTC 53992), the bacterium, Streptomyces setonii (ATTC 39116) and the white-rot fungus, Tramestes versicolor. Preliminary results for sample A indicated that T. versicolor did not degrade sulfides significantly at its optimum growth conditions (pH range of 4.5 - 5.0) and carbonaceous matter was not degraded but rather passivated as preg-robbing decreased significantly. Lignite was inert to passivation by T. versicolor unlike bituminous coal and to lower extent anthracite. Stimulated alkaline conditions (pH range of 9.5 - 10.5) recorded the overall best sulfur oxidation. Results of both the single stage and two-step processes confirmed that carbonaceous matter was passivated by T. versicolor; as preg-robbing decreased significantly from 18.1% to [Less than or equal to] 1.0%. Gold extraction by cyanidation of the pre-treated sample A was 82.5% for the two-step as against 80.5 % for the single stage and 15.0% for the untreated sample. Application of the two-step and single stage process conditions to sample B resulted in 93.3% and 89.9% gold extraction respectively as against untreated concentrate of 30.5%. For the various two stage pre-treatment processes investigated, the abiotic - S. setonii process recorded the best gold extraction of 81.5% for sample A.S. Setonii degraded carbonaceous matter unlike T. versicolor which passivated it. However, it takes only 3 - 7 days for T. versicolor to effect passivation and eliminate preg-robbing while 14 - 56 days is required for S. setonii to degrade carbonaceous matter significantly. The result of the novel microbial pre-treatment process indicated that sulfide sulfur was degraded under alkaline conditions and carbonaceous matter passivated by T. versicolor at its optimum growth conditions. This led to a significant improvement in gold extraction from the double refractory gold ore and concentrate investigated.
Download or read book The Recovery of Gold from Refractory Gold Concentrates and Calcine-leach Residues by a Pyrometallurgical Procedure written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A procedure is described whereby gold-containing calcined concentrates and leach residues from refractory gold ores are smelted with carbon to form a small amount of metal. The gold is liberated upon smelting, and is collected in the molten metallic phase, which is easily separable from the slag. The metallic phase consists of approximately 1 to 15 per cent (by mass) of the material after smelting, and the gold content is generally upgraded by a factor of greater than 6 compared with that of the original roasted material. Recoveries better than 95 per cent have routinely been achieved. The quenched metal contains predominant Fe-Ni alloy, as well as minor Fe sulphides and Cu-Fe sulphides. Trace amounts of Fe-Ni arsenide and Au-Cu alloy are also present. The gold content of the metallic phase can be increased further by oxidation of the hot metal in the presence of silica or slag. This will reduce the amount of metal, and will concentrate the gold in a smaller volume. The metallic phase can then be treated hydrometallurgically to recover the nickel and the gold.
