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The Risk Factors Associated With Vulnerability Or Exposure To Prison Rape Among Inmates
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Book Synopsis Prevalence of Imprisonment in the U.S. Population, 1974-2001 by : Thomas P. Bonczar
Download or read book Prevalence of Imprisonment in the U.S. Population, 1974-2001 written by Thomas P. Bonczar and published by Good Press. This book was released on 2019-12-18 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Prevalence of Imprisonment in the U.S. Population, 1974-2001" by Thomas P. Bonczar. Published by Good Press. Good Press publishes a wide range of titles that encompasses every genre. From well-known classics & literary fiction and non-fiction to forgotten−or yet undiscovered gems−of world literature, we issue the books that need to be read. Each Good Press edition has been meticulously edited and formatted to boost readability for all e-readers and devices. Our goal is to produce eBooks that are user-friendly and accessible to everyone in a high-quality digital format.
Book Synopsis The Handbook of Crime and Punishment by : Michael Tonry
Download or read book The Handbook of Crime and Punishment written by Michael Tonry and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2000-11-09 with total page 818 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crime is one of the most significant political issues in contemporary American society. Crime control statistics and punishment policies are subjects of constant partisan debate, while the media presents sensationalized stories of criminal activity and over-crowded prisons. In the highly politicized arena of crime and justice, empirical data and reasoned analysis are often overlook or ignored. The Handbook of Crime and Punishment, however, provides a comprehensive overview of criminal justice, criminology, and crime control policy, thus enabling a fundamental understanding of crime and punishment essential to an informed public. Expansive in its coverage, the Handbook presents materials on crime and punishment trends as well as timely policy issues. The latest research on the demography of crime (race, gender, drug use) is included and weighty current problems (organized crime, white collar crime, family violence, sex offenders, youth gangs, drug abuse policy) are examined. Processes and institutions that deal with accused and convicted criminals and techniques of punishment are also examined. While some articles emphasize American research findings and developments, others incorporate international research and offer a comparative perspective from other English-speaking countries and Western Europe. Editor Michael Tonry, a leading scholar of criminology, introduces the 28 articles in the volume, each contributed by an expert in the field. Designed for a wide audience, The Handbook is encyclopedic in its range and depth of content, yet is written in an accessible style. The most inclusive and authoritative work on the topic to be found in one volume, this book will appeal to those interested in the study of crime and its causes, effects, trends, and institutions; those interested in the forms and philosophies of punishment; and those interested in crime control.
Author :Committee on Causes and Consequences of High Rates of Incarceration Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :9780309298018 Total Pages :800 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (98 download)
Book Synopsis The Growth of Incarceration in the United States by : Committee on Causes and Consequences of High Rates of Incarceration
Download or read book The Growth of Incarceration in the United States written by Committee on Causes and Consequences of High Rates of Incarceration and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-12-31 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After decades of stability from the 1920s to the early 1970s, the rate of imprisonment in the United States has increased fivefold during the last four decades. The U.S. penal population of 2.2 million adults is by far the largest in the world. Just under one-quarter of the world's prisoners are held in American prisons. The U.S. rate of incarceration, with nearly 1 out of every 100 adults in prison or jail, is 5 to 10 times higher than the rates in Western Europe and other democracies. The U.S. prison population is largely drawn from the most disadvantaged part of the nation's population: mostly men under age 40, disproportionately minority, and poorly educated. Prisoners often carry additional deficits of drug and alcohol addictions, mental and physical illnesses, and lack of work preparation or experience. The growth of incarceration in the United States during four decades has prompted numerous critiques and a growing body of scientific knowledge about what prompted the rise and what its consequences have been for the people imprisoned, their families and communities, and for U.S. society. The Growth of Incarceration in the United States examines research and analysis of the dramatic rise of incarceration rates and its affects. This study makes the case that the United States has gone far past the point where the numbers of people in prison can be justified by social benefits and has reached a level where these high rates of incarceration themselves constitute a source of injustice and social harm. The Growth of Incarceration in the United States examines policy changes that created an increasingly punitive political climate and offers specific policy advice in sentencing policy, prison policy, and social policy. The report also identifies important research questions that must be answered to provide a firmer basis for policy. This report is a call for change in the way society views criminals, punishment, and prison. This landmark study assesses the evidence and its implications for public policy to inform an extensive and thoughtful public debate about and reconsideration of policies.
Book Synopsis Prison Sexual Violence by : Daniel Lockwood
Download or read book Prison Sexual Violence written by Daniel Lockwood and published by North-Holland. This book was released on 1980 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines prison sexual violence in adult and juvenile New York State prisons. To an inmate, the formal structure of a prison – its planned work, recreation, and rehabilitation – may be a thin veneer. The ‘real’ world is the social environment, created by the convict community, and sexual violence is a traditional part of that environment. A range of sexual behaviors, all perceived as threatening and offensive by the targets of aggressors were examined, with discussion on the nature of the overture, the physical and verbal response of the target, his thoughts and feelings, the living patterns resulting from sexual pressure, and how peers and staff react. In this population, sexual aggression is shown to be racially-based: most aggressors were black, and most victims were white, of a slighter build than the aggressor, and perceived as having feminine physical and personality characteristics. About half of the 152 incidents examined involved physical violence, half initiated by aggressors coercing targets; the rest from targets reacting to threats. Both aggressors and targets tended to come from outside and prison social subcultures which used aggression as a primary means of relieving frustration and irritation. After fights, targets reported that aggressors left them alone, that they moved around the prison with less fear, felt better about themselves, and had a higher status among other prisoners. Sexual attacks increased fear, and victims continued to be affected emotionally months after the event. Prison staff did not usually intervene directly in the incidents, nor is there evidence that such intervention would be effective in reducing the problem. The author recommends the provision of program alternatives such as the Alternatives to Violence (AVP) and other conflict resolutions programs. (NCJRS, modified).
Book Synopsis A Review of the Literature on Sexual Assault Perpetrator Characteristics and Behaviors by : Sarah Michal Greathouse
Download or read book A Review of the Literature on Sexual Assault Perpetrator Characteristics and Behaviors written by Sarah Michal Greathouse and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Sexual assault continues to be a pervasive problem, both for society in general and within the military community. To assist the Air Force in its continued efforts to combat sexual assault within its ranks, we reviewed the existing empirical literature on the characteristics and behaviors of adult perpetrators who commit sexual assault against other adults. Our search was not limited to studies of military populations. While a vast majority of the existing literature has focused on sole male perpetrators who assault female victims, we identified some research on other types of perpetrators, including female sexual assault perpetrators, men who perpetrate assault against other men, and perpetrators who participate in group sexual assault. This body of research indicates that adult perpetrators are diverse in terms of their demographics, background characteristics, and motivations. Moreover, research indicates that sexual assault perpetration is likely influenced by a combination of factors, including an individual's developmental and family history; his or her personality, including attitudes/cognitions; and environmental factors, including peer attitudes and alcohol consumption. The complexity of factors that influence sexual assault perpetration and the multiple pathways that lead to an attack make it difficult to predict whether an individual is prone to commit sexual assault. While predicting sexual assault perpetration is problematic, we identified a number of factors related to perpetration that may be relevant for intervention efforts and offer recommendations for the Air Force"--Publisher's web site.
Book Synopsis When Prisoners Return by : Pat Nolan
Download or read book When Prisoners Return written by Pat Nolan and published by Xulon Press. This book was released on 2004-05 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Having completed their sentences, what kind of neighbors will these returning inmates be? What has been done to prepare them to live healthy, productive, law-abiding lives? The author demonstrates why we should care and how you and your church can help.
Book Synopsis Crime, Law and Justice in New Zealand by : Greg Newbold
Download or read book Crime, Law and Justice in New Zealand written by Greg Newbold and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-06-03 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crime, Law and Justice in New Zealand examines the recent crime trends and the social, political, and legal changes in New Zealand from the end of the twentieth century to the present. Serving as the only New Zealand–specific criminal justice text, this book takes a direct look at what is unique about the country’s criminal justice system and recent crime trends. Crime rates peaked in the early 1990s and have fallen since. Newbold considers why this happened through factors such as economy, ethnic composition, changing cultural trends, and legislative developments in policing and criminal justice. He unpacks various types of crime separately—violent crime, property crime, drug crime, gang crime, organised crime, etc.—and examines each in terms of the various complex factors affecting it, using illustrative examples from recent high-profile cases. The cover photo for Crime, Law and Justice in New Zealand was taken by Jono Rotman.
Download or read book Living in Prison written by Hans Toch and published by Amer Psychological Assn. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Living in Prison: The Ecology of Survival" makes a contribution to environmental psychology from a transactional perspective. From a series of some 900 interviews with prisoners and staff in New York correctional institutions, Toch and his colleagues identified eight areas of predominant inmate concern: privacy, activity, structure, support, emotional feedback, social stimulation, activity, and freedom. On the basis of these dimensions, an innovative psychological instrument, the Prison Preference Inventory, was developed and administered to 2,650 inmates in five major prison systems. The analysis of these data leads to a consideration of the match between inmate and setting, as well as valuable suggestions for the improvement of person-environment transactions in prisons and in other human environments.
Book Synopsis Harm Reduction in European Prisons by : Heino Stöver
Download or read book Harm Reduction in European Prisons written by Heino Stöver and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The key aim of this research was to provide an overview of the legislation, policy and practice concerning harm reduction services provided for problematic drug users (PDUs) in 9 European Union (EU) countries. To achieve this, the main objectives were to analyse international, national policies on harm reduction; to explore how harm reduction in conceptualised in different cultural contexts; to identify existing harm reduction initiatives in prisons; to identify the obstacles and barriers that need to be to overcome in order to implement harm reduction measures in prisons; to examine in detail the policies and harm reduction services in place in two sample institutions; to identify models of best practice and promote awareness of the harm reduction initiatives operating in the area of problematic drug users in custody, and finally to present examples of harm reduction measures in prisons from each of the sample countries. Key requirements needed in order to successfully implement sustainable harm reduction services in prisons are identified. These requirements can be formulated on all relevant levels: attitude towards and knowledge about harm reduction, drug addiction and health risks for all key actors, necessary changes both on the policy and practice level. Guidelines are formulated from evidence-based practice, as opposed to moral and value judgements. engl.
Book Synopsis Confronting Commercial Sexual Exploitation and Sex Trafficking of Minors in the United States by : National Research Council
Download or read book Confronting Commercial Sexual Exploitation and Sex Trafficking of Minors in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-11-12 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every day in the United States, children and adolescents are victims of commercial sexual exploitation and sex trafficking. Despite the serious and long-term consequences for victims as well as their families, communities, and society, efforts to prevent, identify, and respond to these crimes are largely under supported, inefficient, uncoordinated, and unevaluated. Confronting Commercial Sexual Exploitation and Sex Trafficking of Minors in the United States examines commercial sexual exploitation and sex trafficking of U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents of the United States under age 18. According to this report, efforts to prevent, identify, and respond to these crimes require better collaborative approaches that build upon the capabilities of people and entities from a range of sectors. In addition, such efforts need to confront demand and the individuals who commit and benefit from these crimes. The report recommends increased awareness and understanding, strengthening of the law's response, strengthening of research to advance understanding and to support the development of prevention and intervention strategies, support for multi-sector and interagency collaboration, and creation of a digital information-sharing platform. A nation that is unaware of these problems or disengaged from solutions unwittingly contributes to the ongoing abuse of minors. If acted upon in a coordinated and comprehensive manner, the recommendations of Confronting Commercial Sexual Exploitation and Sex Trafficking of Minors in the United States can help advance and strengthen the nation's emerging efforts to prevent, identify, and respond to commercial sexual exploitation and sex trafficking of minors in the United States.
Author :Committee on Ethical Considerations for Revisions to DHHS Regulations for Protection of Prisoners Involved in Research Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309164605 Total Pages :284 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Ethical Considerations for Research Involving Prisoners by : Committee on Ethical Considerations for Revisions to DHHS Regulations for Protection of Prisoners Involved in Research
Download or read book Ethical Considerations for Research Involving Prisoners written by Committee on Ethical Considerations for Revisions to DHHS Regulations for Protection of Prisoners Involved in Research and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-01-22 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past 30 years, the population of prisoners in the United States has expanded almost 5-fold, correctional facilities are increasingly overcrowded, and more of the country's disadvantaged populations—racial minorities, women, people with mental illness, and people with communicable diseases such as HIV/AIDS, hepatitis C, and tuberculosis—are under correctional supervision. Because prisoners face restrictions on liberty and autonomy, have limited privacy, and often receive inadequate health care, they require specific protections when involved in research, particularly in today's correctional settings. Given these issues, the Department of Health and Human Services' Office for Human Research Protections commissioned the Institute of Medicine to review the ethical considerations regarding research involving prisoners. The resulting analysis contained in this book, Ethical Considerations for Research Involving Prisoners, emphasizes five broad actions to provide prisoners involved in research with critically important protections: • expand the definition of "prisoner"; • ensure universally and consistently applied standards of protection; • shift from a category-based to a risk-benefit approach to research review; • update the ethical framework to include collaborative responsibility; and • enhance systematic oversight of research involving prisoners.
Book Synopsis The Psychology of Criminal Conduct by : D.A. Andrews
Download or read book The Psychology of Criminal Conduct written by D.A. Andrews and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-09-19 with total page 699 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides step-by-step procedures to help police administrators execute their duties and fulfill their responsibilities more effectively, efficiently and productively. Divided into sections-behavioral aspects of police management, functional aspects of police management, and modern police management: major issues-it introduces the reader to a broad range of topics with which all police managers should be familiar.
Book Synopsis The Society of Captives by : Gresham M. Sykes
Download or read book The Society of Captives written by Gresham M. Sykes and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-01 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Society of Captives, first published in 1958, is a classic of modern criminology and one of the most important books ever written about prison. Gresham Sykes wrote the book at the height of the Cold War, motivated by the world's experience of fascism and communism to study the closest thing to a totalitarian system in American life: a maximum security prison. His analysis calls into question the extent to which prisons can succeed in their attempts to control every facet of life--or whether the strong bonds between prisoners make it impossible to run a prison without finding ways of "accommodating" the prisoners. Re-released now with a new introduction by Bruce Western and a new epilogue by the author, The Society of Captives will continue to serve as an indispensable text for coming to terms with the nature of modern power.
Book Synopsis Health Issues Among Incarcerated Women by : Ronald L. Braithwaite
Download or read book Health Issues Among Incarcerated Women written by Ronald L. Braithwaite and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text addresses the physical and mental needs of women prisoners and suggests that they can't be properly treated unless their lifestyles before, during, and after incarceration are considered. The book is useful for policy-makers as well as graduate students in the fields of criminal justice and health care.
Book Synopsis The Hidden Epidemic by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book The Hidden Epidemic written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-03-28 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States has the dubious distinction of leading the industrialized world in overall rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), with 12 million new cases annually. About 3 million teenagers contract an STD each year, and many will have long-term health problems as a result. Women and adolescents are particularly vulnerable to these diseases and their health consequences. In addition, STDs increase the risk of HIV transmission. The Hidden Epidemic examines the scope of sexually transmitted infections in the United States and provides a critical assessment of the nation's response to this public health crisis. The book identifies the components of an effective national STD prevention and control strategy and provides direction for an appropriate response to the epidemic. Recommendations for improving public awareness and education, reaching women and adolescents, integrating public health programs, training health care professionals, modifying messages from the mass media, and supporting future research are included. The book documents the epidemiological dimensions and the economic and social costs of STDs, describing them as "a secret epidemic" with tremendous consequences. The committee frankly discusses the confusing and often hypocritical nature of how Americans deal with issues regarding sexualityâ€"the conflicting messages conveyed in the mass media, the reluctance to promote condom use, the controversy over sex education for teenagers, and the issue of personal blame. The Hidden Epidemic identifies key elements of effective, culturally appropriate programs to promote healthy behavior by adolescents and adults. It examines the problem of fragmentation in STD services and provides examples of communities that have formed partnerships between stakeholders to develop integrated approaches. The committee's recommendations provide a practical foundation on which to build an integrated national program to help young people and adults develop habits of healthy sexuality. The Hidden Epidemic was written for both health care professionals and people without a medical background and will be indispensable to anyone concerned about preventing and controlling STDs.
Book Synopsis Disrupted Childhoods by : Jane A. Siegel
Download or read book Disrupted Childhoods written by Jane A. Siegel and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on interviews with nearly seventy youngsters and their mothers conducted at different points of their parents' involvement in the process, the data reveals the experiences of prisoners' children, their family life and social world.
Book Synopsis Handbook on Women and Imprisonment by : Tomris Atabay
Download or read book Handbook on Women and Imprisonment written by Tomris Atabay and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook aims to assist legislators, policymakers, prison managers, staff and non-governmental organizations in implementing international standards and norms related to the gender-specific needs of women prisoners, in particular the United Nations Rules for the Treatment of Women Offenders and Non-Custodial Measures for Women Offenders ('the Bangkok Rules'). It further aims to increase awareness about the profile of female offenders and to suggest ways in which to reduce their unnecessary imprisonment, including by rationalizing legislation and criminal justice policies, and by providing a wide range of alternatives to prison at all stages of the criminal justice process. The handbook forms part of a series of tools developed by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) to support countries in implementing the rule of law and the development of criminal justice reform.
