The Quality Of Fiscal Adjustment And The Long Run Growth Impact Of Fiscal Policy In Brazil

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The Quality of Fiscal Adjustment and the Long-run Growth Impact of Fiscal Policy in Brazil

Author : Fernando Andrés Blanco Cossio
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Quality of Fiscal Adjustment and the Long-run Growth Impact of Fiscal Policy in Brazil by : Fernando Andrés Blanco Cossio

Download or read book The Quality of Fiscal Adjustment and the Long-run Growth Impact of Fiscal Policy in Brazil written by Fernando Andrés Blanco Cossio and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors describe the main trends of Brazil's fiscal policy during the past decade and analyze (1) the ability to raise the primary surplus in response to external shocks, (2) the pro-cyclical nature of fiscal policy, and (3) the long-run impact of government expenditure composition and taxation. They analyze the use of the primary balance as a policy tool within the Drudi-Prati model, wherein the government uses the primary balance to reveal its commitment to service its debt. The authors verify that both the debt ratio and the primary balance are determinants of spreads and credit ratings in Brazil. But the relationship is nonlinear: the impact of the primary balance on spreads is amplified as the debt ratio increases. Using an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach, the authors analyze the relationship between the primary balance and economic activity, finding a positive correlation in the long run. However, in the short run fiscal expansions are associated with primary balance reductions and vice-versa during output contractions, confirming the procyclical nature of fiscal policy in the short run. The authors use two approaches, ARDL and a cointegrating value at risk (VAR), to analyze the interaction between public expenditure composition and taxation on growth. Similar results are obtained: large elasticities of output with respect to capital stocks, a significant negative impact of taxation on long-run GDP, and a negative impact of increasing government consumption and transfer payments on GDP. These results shed light on the contribution of fiscal policy to disappointing growth performance in Brazil during the past decade.

Fiscal Policy and Long-Term Growth

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498344658
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)

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Book Synopsis Fiscal Policy and Long-Term Growth by : International Monetary Fund

Download or read book Fiscal Policy and Long-Term Growth written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-04-20 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper explores how fiscal policy can affect medium- to long-term growth. It identifies the main channels through which fiscal policy can influence growth and distills practical lessons for policymakers. The particular mix of policy measures, however, will depend on country-specific conditions, capacities, and preferences. The paper draws on the Fund’s extensive technical assistance on fiscal reforms as well as several analytical studies, including a novel approach for country studies, a statistical analysis of growth accelerations following fiscal reforms, and simulations of an endogenous growth model.

The Quality of Fiscal Adjustment and the Long-Run Growth Impact of Fiscal Policy in Brazil

Author : Fernando Blanco
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis The Quality of Fiscal Adjustment and the Long-Run Growth Impact of Fiscal Policy in Brazil by : Fernando Blanco

Download or read book The Quality of Fiscal Adjustment and the Long-Run Growth Impact of Fiscal Policy in Brazil written by Fernando Blanco and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors describe the main trends of Brazil's fiscal policy during the past decade and analyze (1) the ability to raise the primary surplus in response to external shocks, (2) the pro-cyclical nature of fiscal policy, and (3) the long-run impact of government expenditure composition and taxation. They analyze the use of the primary balance as a policy tool within the Drudi-Prati model, wherein the government uses the primary balance to reveal its commitment to service its debt. The authors verify that both the debt ratio and the primary balance are determinants of spreads and credit ratings in Brazil. But the relationship is nonlinear: the impact of the primary balance on spreads is amplified as the debt ratio increases. Using an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach, the authors analyze the relationship between the primary balance and economic activity, finding a positive correlation in the long run. However, in the short run fiscal expansions are associated with primary balance reductions and vice-versa during output contractions, confirming the procyclical nature of fiscal policy in the short run. The authors use two approaches, ARDL and a cointegrating value at risk (VAR), to analyze the interaction between public expenditure composition and taxation on growth. Similar results are obtained: large elasticities of output with respect to capital stocks, a significant negative impact of taxation on long-run GDP, and a negative impact of increasing government consumption and transfer payments on GDP. These results shed light on the contribution of fiscal policy to disappointing growth performance in Brazil during the past decade.

The Effectiveness of Fiscal Policy in Stimulating Economic Activity

Author : Richard Hemming
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effectiveness of Fiscal Policy in Stimulating Economic Activity by : Richard Hemming

Download or read book The Effectiveness of Fiscal Policy in Stimulating Economic Activity written by Richard Hemming and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2002-12 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on the effectiveness of fiscal policy. The focus is on the size of fiscal multipliers, and on the possibility that multipliers can turn negative (i.e., that fiscal contractions can be expansionary). The paper concludes that fiscal multipliers are overwhelmingly positive but small. However, there is some evidence of negative fiscal multipliers.

Brazil: Tax Expenditure Rationalization Within Broader Tax Reform

Author : Maria Delgado Coelho
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513596624
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Brazil: Tax Expenditure Rationalization Within Broader Tax Reform by : Maria Delgado Coelho

Download or read book Brazil: Tax Expenditure Rationalization Within Broader Tax Reform written by Maria Delgado Coelho and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-09-24 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The excessive complexity and burden of the Brazilian tax system, riddled by cumulative indirect taxes and heavy payroll contributions, have led to an accumulation of fiscal incentives aimed at reducing its burden on taxpayers and productive activities. Federal and subnational tax expenditures currently stand at over 5 percent of GDP. Rationalizing them can only be comprehensively feasible in the context of a broader sequenced tax reform, and could reduce resource misallocation and income inequality, as well as provide new revenues.

Transparency in Government Operations

Author : Mr.J. D. Craig
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 155775697X
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (577 download)

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Book Synopsis Transparency in Government Operations by : Mr.J. D. Craig

Download or read book Transparency in Government Operations written by Mr.J. D. Craig and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-02-03 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transparency in government operations is widely regarded as an important precondition for macroeconomic fiscal sustainability, good governance, and overall fiscal rectitude. Notably, the Interim Committee, at its April and September 1996 meetings, stressed the need for greater fiscal transparency. Prompted by these concerns, this paper represents a first attempt to address many of the aspects of transparency in government operations. It provides an overview of major issues in fiscal transparency and examines the IMF's role in promoting transparency in government operations.

The Economic Effects of Fiscal Consolidation with Debt Feedback

Author : Mr.Marcello M. Estevão
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484304489
Total Pages : 51 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economic Effects of Fiscal Consolidation with Debt Feedback by : Mr.Marcello M. Estevão

Download or read book The Economic Effects of Fiscal Consolidation with Debt Feedback written by Mr.Marcello M. Estevão and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-05-31 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past several years of recession and slow recovery have raised much interest on the effect of fiscal stimulus on economic activity, even as high public debts in many countries would call for fiscal consolidation. To evaluate the delicate balance between stimulus and consolidation requires measuring the size of fiscal multipliers, which often depends on having quarterly data so that exogenous fiscal policy shocks can be identified. We estimate fiscal multipliers using a novel methodology for identifying fiscal shocks within a structural vector autoregressive approach using annual data while controling for debt feedback effects. The estimation focuses on regions with scarce quarterly data (mostly low-income countries), and uses results for advanced economies, emerging market countries, and other broad groupings for which alternative estimates are available to validate the methodology. Differently from advanced and emerging market economies, fiscal consolidation in low-income countries has only a small temporary negative effect on growth while raising medium-term output. Shifting the composition of public spending toward capital expenditure further supports long-run growth.

Fiscal Policy and Income Inequality

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498343678
Total Pages : 69 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)

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Book Synopsis Fiscal Policy and Income Inequality by : International Monetary Fund

Download or read book Fiscal Policy and Income Inequality written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-07-03 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NULL

Fiscal Policy, Stabilization, and Growth

Author : Guillermo E. Perry
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821370855
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Fiscal Policy, Stabilization, and Growth by : Guillermo E. Perry

Download or read book Fiscal Policy, Stabilization, and Growth written by Guillermo E. Perry and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007-10-19 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fiscal policy in Latin America has been guided primarily by short-term liquidity targets whose observance was taken as the main exponent of fiscal prudence, with attention focused almost exclusively on the levels of public debt and the cash deficit. Very little attention was paid to the effects of fiscal policy on growth and on macroeconomic volatility over the cycle. Important issues such as the composition of public expenditures (and its effects on growth), the ability of fiscal policy to stabilize cyclical fluctuations, and the currency composition of public debt were largely neglected. As a result, fiscal policy has often amplified cyclical volatility and dampened growth. 'Fiscal Policy, Stabilization, and Growth' explores the conduct of fiscal policy in Latin America and its consequences for macroeconomic stability and long-term growth. In particular, the book highlights the procyclical and anti-investment biases embedded in the region's fiscal policies, explores their causes and macroeconomic consequences, and asesses their possible solutions.

A Monetary and Fiscal History of Latin America, 1960–2017

Author : Timothy J. Kehoe
Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
ISBN 13 : 1452965846
Total Pages : 643 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (529 download)

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Book Synopsis A Monetary and Fiscal History of Latin America, 1960–2017 by : Timothy J. Kehoe

Download or read book A Monetary and Fiscal History of Latin America, 1960–2017 written by Timothy J. Kehoe and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 2022-01-11 with total page 643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major, new, and comprehensive look at six decades of macroeconomic policies across the region What went wrong with the economic development of Latin America over the past half-century? Along with periods of poor economic performance, the region’s countries have been plagued by a wide variety of economic crises. This major new work brings together dozens of leading economists to explore the economic performance of the ten largest countries in South America and of Mexico. Together they advance the fundamental hypothesis that, despite different manifestations, these crises all have been the result of poorly designed or poorly implemented fiscal and monetary policies. Each country is treated in its own section of the book, with a lead chapter presenting a comprehensive database of the country’s fiscal, monetary, and economic data from 1960 to 2017. The chapters are drawn from one-day academic conferences—hosted in all but one case, in the focus country—with participants including noted economists and former leading policy makers. Cowritten with Nobel Prize winner Thomas J. Sargent, the editors’ introduction provides a conceptual framework for analyzing fiscal and monetary policy in countries around the world, particularly those less developed. A final chapter draws conclusions and suggests directions for further research. A vital resource for advanced undergraduate and graduate students of economics and for economic researchers and policy makers, A Monetary and Fiscal History of Latin America, 1960–2017 goes further than any book in stressing both the singularities and the similarities of the economic histories of Latin America’s largest countries. Contributors: Mark Aguiar, Princeton U; Fernando Alvarez, U of Chicago; Manuel Amador, U of Minnesota; Joao Ayres, Inter-American Development Bank; Saki Bigio, UCLA; Luigi Bocola, Stanford U; Francisco J. Buera, Washington U, St. Louis; Guillermo Calvo, Columbia U; Rodrigo Caputo, U of Santiago; Roberto Chang, Rutgers U; Carlos Javier Charotti, Central Bank of Paraguay; Simón Cueva, TNK Economics; Julián P. Díaz, Loyola U Chicago; Sebastian Edwards, UCLA; Carlos Esquivel, Rutgers U; Eduardo Fernández Arias, Peking U; Carlos Fernández Valdovinos (former Central Bank of Paraguay); Arturo José Galindo, Banco de la República, Colombia; Márcio Garcia, PUC-Rio; Felipe González Soley, U of Southampton; Diogo Guillen, PUC-Rio; Lars Peter Hansen, U of Chicago; Patrick Kehoe, Stanford U; Carlos Gustavo Machicado Salas, Bolivian Catholic U; Joaquín Marandino, U Torcuato Di Tella; Alberto Martin, U Pompeu Fabra; Cesar Martinelli, George Mason U; Felipe Meza, Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México; Pablo Andrés Neumeyer, U Torcuato Di Tella; Gabriel Oddone, U de la República; Daniel Osorio, Banco de la República; José Peres Cajías, U of Barcelona; David Perez-Reyna, U de los Andes; Fabrizio Perri, Minneapolis Fed; Andrew Powell, Inter-American Development Bank; Diego Restuccia, U of Toronto; Diego Saravia, U de los Andes; Thomas J. Sargent, New York U; José A. Scheinkman, Columbia U; Teresa Ter-Minassian (formerly IMF); Marco Vega, Pontificia U Católica del Perú; Carlos Végh, Johns Hopkins U; François R. Velde, Chicago Fed; Alejandro Werner, IMF.

Assessing Fiscal Space

Author : International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498309275
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessing Fiscal Space by : International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department

Download or read book Assessing Fiscal Space written by International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-06-15 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews the experience with the fiscal space assessment framework that was piloted during 2017–18. In 2016, staff proposed an operational definition of fiscal space and a new four-stage framework for its assessment. These were discussed informally by the Board in June, and a Board paper “Assessing Fiscal Space: An Initial Consistent Set of Considerations” incorporating Directors’ views was published in December. Fiscal space was narrowly defined as the room for undertaking discretionary fiscal policy relative to existing plans without endangering market access and debt sustainability. The framework was developed in response to the need to provide a more systematic approach to assessing fiscal space in the Fund’s surveillance. It was designed as a tool to inform the availability of fiscal space over a 3 to 4 year horizon for discretionary action, as opposed to the optimality of its use. Indeed, it was stressed that the availability of space does not necessarily mean that it should be used or should not be further expanded. The framework was piloted in the Article IV consultations of 34 advanced economies and emerging markets, comprising almost 80 percent of global GDP in PPP terms.

From Inside Brazil

Author : Vinod Thomas
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821364561
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis From Inside Brazil by : Vinod Thomas

Download or read book From Inside Brazil written by Vinod Thomas and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brazil faces important issues as to whether and how socio-economic and political reforms will be pursued with urgency and staying power. This book presents a strong agenda and action plan to achieve for Brazil both economic growth and improved welfare for its citizens.

En Route to Modern Growth

Author : José Márcio Camargo
Publisher : Inter-American Development Bank
ISBN 13 : 0940602857
Total Pages : 179 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis En Route to Modern Growth by : José Márcio Camargo

Download or read book En Route to Modern Growth written by José Márcio Camargo and published by Inter-American Development Bank. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses questions of international trade policy and the relationship between growth, distribution, and human resource development in the Latin American region.

Index to International Statistics

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1136 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Index to International Statistics by :

Download or read book Index to International Statistics written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 1136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fiscal Monitor, April 2019

Author : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498302203
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)

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Book Synopsis Fiscal Monitor, April 2019 by : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.

Download or read book Fiscal Monitor, April 2019 written by International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-04-10 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report discusses fiscal policies to prepare for the next downturn and foster long-term inclusive growth by adapting to changing demographics, advancing technology, and deepening global integration. It also covers recent fiscal developments and the fiscal outlook in advanced economies, emerging markets, and low-income developing countries; recent trends in government debt and analysis of changes in fiscal balances, revenue, and spending; and potential fiscal risks. The report takes on in-depth look at how corruption impacts government policies and operations, the fiscal costs, and how fiscal institutions can help fight corruption.

How Does the Composition of Public Spending Matter?

Author : Stefano Paternostro
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis How Does the Composition of Public Spending Matter? by : Stefano Paternostro

Download or read book How Does the Composition of Public Spending Matter? written by Stefano Paternostro and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Public spending has effects which are complex to trace and difficult to quantify. But the composition of public expenditure has become the key instrument by which development agencies seek to promote economic development. In recent years, the development assistance to heavily indebted poor countries (HIPCs) has been made conditional on increased expenditure on categories that are thought to be "pro-poor". This paper responds to the growing concern being expressed about the conceptual foundations and the empirical basis for the belief that poverty can be reduced through targeted public spending. While it is widely accepted that growth and redistribution are important sources of reduction in absolute poverty, a review of the literature confirms the lack of an appropriate theoretical framework for assessing the impact of public spending on growth as well as poverty. There is a need to combine principles of both public economics and growth theory to develop appropriate theoretical guidance for public expenditure policy. This paper identifies a number of approaches that are beginning to address this gap. Building on these approaches, it proposes a framework that has its foundation in a broadly articulated development strategy and its economic goals such as growth, equity, and poverty reduction. It recommends the use of public economics principles to clarify the roles of the private and public sectors and to recognize the complementarity of spending, taxation, and regulatory instruments available to affect public policy. With regard to the impact of any given type of public spending, policy recommendations must be tailored to countries and be based on empirical analysis that takes account of the lags and leads in their effects on equity and growth and ultimately on poverty. The paper sketches out such a framework as the first step in what will have to be a longer-term research agenda to provide theoretically and empirically robust and verifiable guidance to public spending policy.

Managing Financial Crises

Author : Mr.Charles Collyns
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1589062086
Total Pages : 131 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Managing Financial Crises by : Mr.Charles Collyns

Download or read book Managing Financial Crises written by Mr.Charles Collyns and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2003-04-10 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper seeks to draw lessons from the IMF’s experience in handling financial crises around the globe over the past ten years that are relevant to the challenges faced by countries in Latin America, especially in the wake of the recent crisis in Argentina. Experience suggests that there is no quick or easy fix in the face of a wide-ranging crisis involving both acute external financing pressures and rapidly changing asset prices that undermine financial stability and household and corporate balance sheets. In the end, effective solutions depend on developing a comprehensive strategy combining the full range of fiscal, monetary, financial system, and debt policy instruments. Recent experience with crises has had important implications for the IMF’s work in assessing crisis vulnerabilities. IMF surveillance work has been strengthened and a more objective framework has been developed for assessing debt sustainability, and this approach continues to be refined.