The Psychology Of Proof

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The Psychology of Proof

Author : Lance J. Rips
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262517213
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis The Psychology of Proof by : Lance J. Rips

Download or read book The Psychology of Proof written by Lance J. Rips and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lance Rips describes a unified theory of natural deductive reasoning and fashions a working model of deduction, with strong experimental support, that is capable of playing a central role in mental life. In this provocative book, Lance Rips describes a unified theory of natural deductive reasoning and fashions a working model of deduction, with strong experimental support, that is capable of playing a central role in mental life. Rips argues that certain inference principles are so central to our notion of intelligence and rationality that they deserve serious psychological investigation to determine their role in individuals' beliefs and conjectures. Asserting that cognitive scientists should consider deductive reasoning as a basis for thinking, Rips develops a theory of natural reasoning abilities and shows how it predicts mental successes and failures in a range of cognitive tasks. In parts I and II of the book, Rips builds insights from cognitive psychology, logic, and artificial intelligence into a unified theoretical structure. He defends the idea that deduction depends on the ability to construct mental proofs—actual memory units that link given information to conclusions it warrants. From this base Rips develops a computational model of deduction based on two cognitive skills: the ability to make suppositions or assumptions and the ability to posit sub-goals for conclusions. A wide variety of original experiments support this model, including studies of human subjects evaluating logical arguments as well as following and remembering proofs. Unlike previous theories of mental proof, this one handles names and variables in a general way. This capability enables deduction to play a crucial role in other thought processes, such as classifying and problem solving. In part III, Rips compares the theory to earlier approaches in psychology which confined the study of deduction to a small group of tasks, and examines whether the theory is too rational or too irrational in its mode of thought.

The Discursive Social Psychology of Evidence

Author : Salomon Rettig
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1489935738
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)

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Book Synopsis The Discursive Social Psychology of Evidence by : Salomon Rettig

Download or read book The Discursive Social Psychology of Evidence written by Salomon Rettig and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Having spent more than thirty years in the laboratory studying human behavior under preformatted, controlled conditions, I found myself dissatisfied with my work. It is not that my work produced no new findings on human conduct, or that working almost exclusively with college students gave me little information on other groups of people, but that the study of human beings in the laboratory told me little about the people themselves. Having been born in Europe, socialized in the Middle East, and educated in the United States, I had entered the profession of psychology in order to better understand different people's behavior. What I found instead was that under uniform conditions, imposed by the laboratory, people responded more or less in uniform manners. The resulting behavior told me little about the people and more about my laboratory. After considerable search for a better understanding of my own formal training in psychology on the one hand and my diversified cultural background on the other, I began to see that these two early influences clashed in some basic manner. Upon further reflection it occurred to me that my own radical transformation in a period of six years, from a poorly educated (elementary school only) adult to a doctor of philosophy, made me see a different world. My earlier world of reality revolved around forms of evidence that were not only never questioned by me, but v vi PREFACE were themselves highly unreliable.

Human Reasoning

Author : Jonathan St. B. T. Evans
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9780863773136
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (731 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Reasoning by : Jonathan St. B. T. Evans

Download or read book Human Reasoning written by Jonathan St. B. T. Evans and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seductive reasoning is widely regarded as an activity central to human intelligence, and as such has attracted a large amount of psychological study. In this book, the authors provide a detailed and balanced review of all the main kinds

The Psychology of Evidence and Trial Procedure

Author : Saul Kassin
Publisher : SAGE Publications, Incorporated
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis The Psychology of Evidence and Trial Procedure by : Saul Kassin

Download or read book The Psychology of Evidence and Trial Procedure written by Saul Kassin and published by SAGE Publications, Incorporated. This book was released on 1985-05 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kassin and Wrightsman's book concentrates on the single most important determinant of verdicts -- the evidence and court procedure. It is divided into four parts: (1) an overview and historical perspective; (2) seven substantive topics like eyewitness accounts, confessions, and character evidence; (3) an examination of the major stages of trial procedure; and (4) a provocative discussion of the role that psychology does, and should, play in the judicial process. Written in non-technical language, this book should have a broad appeal to students, researchers and litigants alike. `Chapters are extremely well written and documented. The work is highly recommended for advanced undergraduates, graduate students and legal profess

Influence

Author : Robert B. Cialdini
Publisher : Pearson Scott Foresman
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Influence by : Robert B. Cialdini

Download or read book Influence written by Robert B. Cialdini and published by Pearson Scott Foresman. This book was released on 1988 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Influence: Science and Practice is an examination of the psychology of compliance (i.e. uncovering which factors cause a person to say "yes" to another's request) and is written in a narrative style combined with scholarly research. Cialdini combines evidence from experimental work with the techniques and strategies he gathered while working as a salesperson, fundraiser, advertiser, and other positions, inside organizations that commonly use compliance tactics to get us to say "yes". Widely used in graduate and undergraduate psychology and management classes, as well as sold to people operating successfully in the business world, the eagerly awaited revision of Influence reminds the reader of the power of persuasion. Cialdini organizes compliance techniques into six categories based on psychological principles that direct human behavior: reciprocation, consistency, social proof, liking, authority, and scarcity. Copyright © Libri GmbH. All rights reserved.

The Principles of Judicial Proof

Author : John Henry Wigmore
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1226 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Principles of Judicial Proof by : John Henry Wigmore

Download or read book The Principles of Judicial Proof written by John Henry Wigmore and published by . This book was released on 1913 with total page 1226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Proof

Author : Frederick Schauer
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674276256
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (742 download)

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Book Synopsis The Proof by : Frederick Schauer

Download or read book The Proof written by Frederick Schauer and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Scribes Book Award “Displays a level of intellectual honesty one rarely encounters these days...This is delightful stuff.” —Barton Swaim, Wall Street Journal “At a time when the concept of truth itself is in trouble, this lively and accessible account provides vivid and deep analysis of the practices addressing what is reliably true in law, science, history, and ordinary life. The Proof offers both timely and enduring insights.” —Martha Minow, former Dean of Harvard Law School “His essential argument is that in assessing evidence, we need, first of all, to recognize that evidence comes in degrees...and that probability, the likelihood that the evidence or testimony is accurate, matters.” —Steven Mintz, Inside Higher Education “I would make Proof one of a handful of books that all incoming law students should read...Essential and timely.” —Emily R. D. Murphy, Law and Society Review In the age of fake news, trust and truth are hard to come by. Blatantly and shamelessly, public figures deceive us by abusing what sounds like evidence. To help us navigate this polarized world awash in misinformation, preeminent legal theorist Frederick Schauer proposes a much-needed corrective. How we know what we think we know is largely a matter of how we weigh the evidence. But evidence is no simple thing. Law, science, public and private decision making—all rely on different standards of evidence. From vaccine and food safety to claims of election-fraud, the reliability of experts and eyewitnesses to climate science, The Proof develops fresh insights into the challenge of reaching the truth. Schauer reveals how to reason more effectively in everyday life, shows why people often reason poorly, and makes the case that evidence is not just a matter of legal rules, it is the cornerstone of judgment.

Theory of Legal Evidence - Evidence in Legal Theory

Author : Verena Klappstein
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030838412
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Theory of Legal Evidence - Evidence in Legal Theory by : Verena Klappstein

Download or read book Theory of Legal Evidence - Evidence in Legal Theory written by Verena Klappstein and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-03 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses theoretical problems concerning legal evidence. The concept of evidence is expected to fulfill a number of distinct roles in science and philosophy, but also in legal theory and law, some of which are complementary, while others are conflicting. In their profession, lawyers have to deal with evidence and proof. Yet the legal concept of evidence is constantly changing, and the debate concerning the distinction between a legal concept of evidence, the ordinary concept of evidence and the concept of evidence in science is far from being settled. What is more, the problem of evidence is central to both epistemology and the philosophy of science, and by extension to our academic thinking on law. In short, legal theorists’ interest in evidence may include such diverse objects as a bloody knife, sensory data, linguistic entities or psychologically recognized beliefs. The book surveys selected theoretical roles that the concept of evidence plays and explores their relations and interconnections. The content is divided into three parts, investigating: (1) evidence in epistemology and the philosophy of science, which focuses on evidence methodologies and the problem of proof in legal scholarship; (2) evidence in legal theory and legal philosophy, where particular attention is paid to the interplay between evidence, legal reasoning and the binding force of such reasoning; and (3) evidence in law, where theoretical problems pertaining to witnesses, expert opinions, explanations of the accused, statistical evidence and neuroscientific evidence are examined.

Handbook of Research on the Psychology of Mathematics Education

Author : Angel Gutiérrez
Publisher : Sense Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9077874194
Total Pages : 538 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (778 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Research on the Psychology of Mathematics Education by : Angel Gutiérrez

Download or read book Handbook of Research on the Psychology of Mathematics Education written by Angel Gutiérrez and published by Sense Publishers. This book was released on 2006 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compilation of the research produced by the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (PME) since its creation in 1976. The first three sections summarize cognitively-oriented research on learning and teaching specific content areas, transversal areas, and based on technology-rich environments. The fourth section is devoted to the research on social, affective, cultural and cognitive aspects of mathematics education. The fifth section includes two chapters summarizing the PME research on teacher training and professional life of mathematics teachers.

The Stress-Proof Brain

Author : Melanie Greenberg
Publisher : New Harbinger Publications
ISBN 13 : 1626252688
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (262 download)

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Book Synopsis The Stress-Proof Brain by : Melanie Greenberg

Download or read book The Stress-Proof Brain written by Melanie Greenberg and published by New Harbinger Publications. This book was released on 2017-02-02 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “For people suffering from stress, this book is a godsend.” —Kristin Neff, PhD, author of Self-Compassion "Highly recommended for mental health professionals and consumer health readers looking to manage stress." —Library Journal (starred review) Modern times are stressful—and it’s killing us. Unfortunately, we can’t avoid the things that stress us out, but we can change how we respond to them. In this breakthrough book, a clinical psychologist and neuroscience expert offers an original approach to help readers harness the power of positive emotions and overcome stress for good. Stress is, unfortunately, a natural part of life—especially in our busy and hectic modern times. But you don’t have to let it get in the way of your health and happiness. Studies show that the key to coping with stress is simpler than you think—it’s all about how you respond to the situations and things that stress you out or threaten to overwhelm you. The Stress-Proof Brain offers powerful, comprehensive tools based in mindfulness, neuroscience, and positive psychology to help you put a stop to unhealthy responses to stress—such as avoidance, tunnel vision, negative thinking, self-criticism, fixed mindset, and fear. Instead, you’ll discover unique exercises that provide a recipe for resilience, empowering you to master your emotional responses, overcome negative thinking, and create a more tolerant, stress-proof brain. This book will help you develop an original and effective program for mastering your emotional brain’s response to stress by harnessing the power of neuroplasticity. By creating a more stress tolerant, resilient brain, you’ll learn to shrug off the small stuff, deal with the big stuff, and live a happier, healthier life.

The Psychology of Influence

Author : CYNTHIA GRUMBLES
Publisher : CYNTHIA GRUMBLES
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 61 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (692 download)

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Book Synopsis The Psychology of Influence by : CYNTHIA GRUMBLES

Download or read book The Psychology of Influence written by CYNTHIA GRUMBLES and published by CYNTHIA GRUMBLES. This book was released on 2023-06-02 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Psychology of Influence: Persuasion in Business" is a compelling exploration of the intricate mechanisms behind human decision-making and behavior in the context of business interactions. This insightful book delves into the psychological principles that underpin effective persuasion and influence strategies, offering practical insights and actionable techniques for professionals seeking to enhance their persuasive abilities. From understanding cognitive biases to mastering the art of storytelling, each chapter provides valuable insights into how to ethically influence others and achieve desired outcomes in business settings. Whether you're a marketer, salesperson, or business leader, this book equips you with the knowledge and tools needed to navigate complex negotiations, win over clients, and drive success through the power of persuasion. With real-world examples and expert analysis, "The Psychology of Influence" is an essential resource for anyone looking to leverage psychological principles to achieve their business objectives.

Irreducible Mind

Author : Edward F. Kelly
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9781442202061
Total Pages : 836 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Irreducible Mind by : Edward F. Kelly

Download or read book Irreducible Mind written by Edward F. Kelly and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2010 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current mainstream opinion in psychology, neuroscience, and philosophy of mind holds that all aspects of human mind and consciousness are generated by physical processes occurring in brains. Views of this sort have dominated recent scholarly publication. The present volume, however, demonstrates empirically that this reductive materialism is not only incomplete but false. The authors systematically marshal evidence for a variety of psychological phenomena that are extremely difficult, and in some cases clearly impossible, to account for in conventional physicalist terms. Topics addressed include phenomena of extreme psychophysical influence, memory, psychological automatisms and secondary personality, near-death experiences and allied phenomena, genius-level creativity, and 'mystical' states of consciousness both spontaneous and drug-induced. The authors further show that these rogue phenomena are more readily accommodated by an alternative 'transmission' or 'filter' theory of mind/brain relations advanced over a century ago by a largely forgotten genius, F. W. H. Myers, and developed further by his friend and colleague William James. This theory, moreover, ratifies the commonsense conception of human beings as causally effective conscious agents, and is fully compatible with leading-edge physics and neuroscience. The book should command the attention of all open-minded persons concerned with the still-unsolved mysteries of the mind.

Book of Proof

Author : Richard H. Hammack
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780989472111
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (721 download)

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Book Synopsis Book of Proof by : Richard H. Hammack

Download or read book Book of Proof written by Richard H. Hammack and published by . This book was released on 2016-01-01 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an introduction to the language and standard proof methods of mathematics. It is a bridge from the computational courses (such as calculus or differential equations) that students typically encounter in their first year of college to a more abstract outlook. It lays a foundation for more theoretical courses such as topology, analysis and abstract algebra. Although it may be more meaningful to the student who has had some calculus, there is really no prerequisite other than a measure of mathematical maturity.

Psychology Applied to Legal Evidence and Other Constructions of Law

Author : George Frederick Arnold
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 630 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Psychology Applied to Legal Evidence and Other Constructions of Law by : George Frederick Arnold

Download or read book Psychology Applied to Legal Evidence and Other Constructions of Law written by George Frederick Arnold and published by . This book was released on 1913 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Self-theories

Author : Carol S. Dweck
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317710339
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Self-theories by : Carol S. Dweck

Download or read book Self-theories written by Carol S. Dweck and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This innovative text sheds light on how people work -- why they sometimes function well and, at other times, behave in ways that are self-defeating or destructive. The author presents her groundbreaking research on adaptive and maladaptive cognitive-motivational patterns and shows: * How these patterns originate in people's self-theories * Their consequences for the person -- for achievement, social relationships, and emotional well-being * Their consequences for society, from issues of human potential to stereotyping and intergroup relations * The experiences that create them This outstanding text is a must-read for researchers in social psychology, child development, and education, and is appropriate for both graduate and senior undergraduate students in these areas.

The Second Handbook of Research on the Psychology of Mathematics Education

Author : Ángel Gutiérrez
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9463005617
Total Pages : 558 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis The Second Handbook of Research on the Psychology of Mathematics Education by : Ángel Gutiérrez

Download or read book The Second Handbook of Research on the Psychology of Mathematics Education written by Ángel Gutiérrez and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-23 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its establishment in 1976, PME (The International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education) is serving as a much sought after venue for scientific debate among those at the cutting edge of the field, as well as an engine for the development of research in mathematics education. A wide range of research activities conducted over the last ten years by PME members and their colleagues are documented and critically reviewed in this handbook, released to celebrate the Group’s 40 year anniversary milestone. The book is divided into four main sections: Cognitive aspects of learning and teaching content areas; Cognitive aspects of learning and teaching transverse areas; Social aspects of learning and teaching mathematics; and Professional aspects of teaching mathematics. The selection for each chapter of a team of at least two authors, mostly located in different parts of the world, ensured effective coverage of each field. High quality was further enhanced by the scrupulous review of early chapter drafts by two leaders in the relevant field. The resulting volume with its compilation of the most relevant aspects of research in the field, and its emphasis on trends and future developments, will be a rich and welcome resource for both mature and emerging researchers in mathematics education.

Forensic Psychology

Author : Alan M. Goldstein
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470009284
Total Pages : 842 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Forensic Psychology by : Alan M. Goldstein

Download or read book Forensic Psychology written by Alan M. Goldstein and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-12-20 with total page 842 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forensic Psychology: Emerging Topics and Expanding Roles is designed to present the current state of the field, in terms of law, ethics, research and practice. Reflecting the efforts of almost 50 expert contributors, this comprehensive reference provides a basis for conducting forensic mental health assessments consistent with the state of the field as it currently exists and the standard of care that is emerging. This must-have resource contains coverage of: Mainstream topics such as civil commitment, termination of parental rights, and federal sentencing evaluations Psycho-legal topics such as clergy and teacher sexual abuse, elder abuse, and end of life issues The appropriate application of instruments frequently used in clinical psychology to address psycho-legal issues Ideal for forensic mental health professionals, civil and criminal attorneys, and advanced students, Forensic Psychology: Emerging Topics and Expanding Roles is the definitive comprehensive reference in the field. "Alan Goldstein has his finger on the pulse of forensic psychology. He and his A-list contributors showcase a striking array of classic conundrums and budding courtroom controversies. Remarkably, their analysis is as deep as their coverage is broad. There are two or three works that simply have to be on the shelf of every forensic psychologist. This book is one of them."