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The Propagation Of Low Frequency Sound Through An Audience
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Book Synopsis The Propagation of Low Frequency Sound Through an Audience by : Elena Shabalina
Download or read book The Propagation of Low Frequency Sound Through an Audience written by Elena Shabalina and published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH. This book was released on 2014 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At large outdoor concerts or festivals subwoofers, the dedicated low frequency loudspeakers, are often placed in a row in front of the stage as an evenly spaced array in order to control the directivity of sound at low frequencies. The audience itself often stands tightly packed in front of the array, so that sound waves propagate partly through the audience and partly over it. This thesis presents an investigation on how exactly the presence of the audience influences the propagation of sound. A mathematical model of an audience as an equivalent fluid is constructed with the help of the porous medium theory. The equivalent fluid parameters, such as the wave impedance, the speed of sound and the reflection coefficient from the audience/air boundary, are calculated both for a constant and a variable concentration of an audience. The model is verified by a Boundary Element Method simulation, scale measurements and live concert measurements. A new live measurement method is developed to evaluate the low frequency sound pressure level distribution without disturbing the ongoing event. The study reaches the conclusion that at low frequencies an audience forms a medium with the impedance significantly different from the impedance of the air, which leads to the reflection of sound waves from the boundaries back into the audience and increase of the sound pressure level as well as interference effects. Possible applications of the findings are mainly sound system design and event planning.
Book Synopsis Propagation of Sound in Porous Media by : Jean Allard
Download or read book Propagation of Sound in Porous Media written by Jean Allard and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-10-27 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The first edition of this book is considered the bible of this topic... Suffice it to say that there is no other published treatise that approaches the depth of treatment offered by this book. The coverage is the state of the published art, while the added contents cover the new known developments in the field." Haisam Osman; Technology Development Manager, United Launch Alliance This long-awaited second edition of a respected text from world leaders in the field of acoustic materials covers the state of the art with a depth of treatment unrivalled elsewhere. Allard and Atalla employ a logical and progressive approach that leads to a thorough understanding of porous material modelling. The first edition of Propagation of Sound in Porous Media introduced the basic theory of acoustics and the related techniques. Research and development in sound absorption has however progressed significantly since the first edition, and the models and methods described, at the time highly technical and specialized, have since become main stream. In this second edition, several original topics have been revisited and practical prediction methods and industrial applications have been added that increase the breadth of its appeal to both academics and practising engineers. New chapters have also been added on numerical modeling in both low (finite element) and high frequency (Transfer Matrix Method). Collating ‘must-have’ information for engineers working in sound and vibration, Propagation of Sound in Porous Media, 2nd edition offers an indisputable reference to a diverse audience; including graduate students and academics in mechanical & civil engineering, acoustics and noise control, as well as practising mechanical, chemical and materials engineers in the automotive, rail, aerospace, building and civil industries.
Book Synopsis Low-frequency Sound Propagation in Porous Media by : Michael J. White
Download or read book Low-frequency Sound Propagation in Porous Media written by Michael J. White and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hearing Loss by : National Research Council
Download or read book Hearing Loss written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-12-17 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Millions of Americans experience some degree of hearing loss. The Social Security Administration (SSA) operates programs that provide cash disability benefits to people with permanent impairments like hearing loss, if they can show that their impairments meet stringent SSA criteria and their earnings are below an SSA threshold. The National Research Council convened an expert committee at the request of the SSA to study the issues related to disability determination for people with hearing loss. This volume is the product of that study. Hearing Loss: Determining Eligibility for Social Security Benefits reviews current knowledge about hearing loss and its measurement and treatment, and provides an evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the current processes and criteria. It recommends changes to strengthen the disability determination process and ensure its reliability and fairness. The book addresses criteria for selection of pure tone and speech tests, guidelines for test administration, testing of hearing in noise, special issues related to testing children, and the difficulty of predicting work capacity from clinical hearing test results. It should be useful to audiologists, otolaryngologists, disability advocates, and others who are concerned with people who have hearing loss.
Book Synopsis Low-frequency Sound Propagation Modeling Over a Locally-reacting Boundary Using the Parabolic Approximation by : J. S. Robertson
Download or read book Low-frequency Sound Propagation Modeling Over a Locally-reacting Boundary Using the Parabolic Approximation written by J. S. Robertson and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Propagation of High-Intensity, Low-Frequency Sound Without Loss by : Kenneth J. Oscar
Download or read book Propagation of High-Intensity, Low-Frequency Sound Without Loss written by Kenneth J. Oscar and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes a research program on sound propagation conducted under the In-house Laboratory Independent Research program. The objective of this work was to develop a concept to transmit high-intensity, low- frequency sound over a distance without large losses of sound-pressure level. An arbitrary goal of reducing the normal inverse square propagation law by 50 percent was chosen and achieved in the regions tested. A hyperbolic lens and hemispherical reflector were developed and tested for directivity improvement.
Book Synopsis Sound Systems: Design and Optimization by : Bob McCarthy
Download or read book Sound Systems: Design and Optimization written by Bob McCarthy and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2012-11-12 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With this definitive guide to sound reinforcement design and optimization, Bob McCarthy shares his expert knowledge and effective methodology developed from decades of field and teaching experience. This book is written for the field professional as well as the consultant or student, in a clear and easy-to-read style and illustrated with color diagrams and screenshots throughout. McCarthy's unique guide reveals the proven techniques to ensure that your sound system design can be optimized for maximum uniformity over the space. The book follows the audio signal path from the mix console to the audience and provides comprehensive information as to how the sound is spread over the listening area. The complex nature of the physics of speaker interaction over a listening space is revealed in terms readily understandable to audio professionals. Complex speaker arrays are broken down systematically and the means to design systems that are capable of being fully optimized for maximum spatial uniformity is shown. The methods of alignment are shown, including measurement mic placement, and step-by-step recipes for equalization, delay setting, level setting, speaker positioning and acoustic treatment. These principles and techniques are applicable to the simplest and most complex systems alike, from the single speaker to the multi-element "line array.
Book Synopsis Noise and Noise Control by : Crocker
Download or read book Noise and Noise Control written by Crocker and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-24 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is written more for the practitioner than the casual reader. Although a high mathematical level is not needed, for much of the material some engineering knowledge is desirable. Noise control is not easy and there are no magic answers to problems. Careful study and patience are required to produce proficiency in the field of noise control.
Book Synopsis Sound Reproduction by : Floyd E. Toole
Download or read book Sound Reproduction written by Floyd E. Toole and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sound Reproduction: The Acoustics and Psychoacoustics of Loudspeakers and Rooms, Third Edition explains the physical and perceptual processes that are involved in sound reproduction and demonstrates how to use the processes to create high-quality listening experiences in stereo and multichannel formats. Understanding the principles of sound production is necessary to achieve the goals of sound reproduction in spaces ranging from recording control rooms and home listening rooms to large cinemas. This revision brings new science-based perspectives on the performance of loudspeakers, room acoustics, measurements and equalization, all of which need to be appropriately used to ensure the accurate delivery of music and movie sound tracks from creators to listeners. The robust website (www.routledge.com/cw/toole) is the perfect companion to this necessary resource.
Book Synopsis Auditorium Acoustics and Architectural Design by : Michael Barron
Download or read book Auditorium Acoustics and Architectural Design written by Michael Barron and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-09-28 with total page 863 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern concert halls and opera houses are now very specialized buildings with special acoustical characteristics. With new contemporary case-studies, this updated book explores these characteristics as an important resource for architects, engineers and auditorium technicians. Supported by over 40 detailed case studies and architectural drawings of 75 auditoria at a scale of 1:500, the survey of each auditorium type is completed with a discussion of current best practice to achieve optimum acoustics.
Book Synopsis Acoustic Communication by : Andrea Simmons
Download or read book Acoustic Communication written by Andrea Simmons and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-18 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to communicate, animals send and receive signals that are subject to their particular anatomical, psychological, and environmental constraints. This SHAR volume discusses both the production and perception of acoustic signals. Chapters address the information that animals communicate, how the communication is developed and learned, and how communication systems have adapted and evolved within species. The book will give examples from a variety of species.
Book Synopsis A Case Study Acoustic Design for a Hotel Bar, shooting dome and elmentos bar to Minimize Noise Emission: by : professor ibrahim elnoshokaty
Download or read book A Case Study Acoustic Design for a Hotel Bar, shooting dome and elmentos bar to Minimize Noise Emission: written by professor ibrahim elnoshokaty and published by ibrahim elnoshokaty. This book was released on with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This case study investigates the acoustic design of a bar in a hotel to minimize noise emission to neighboring areas and guest rooms. Noise level measurements were conducted on-site to assess the bar's noise emission and its impact on the surrounding environment. The main goals were to reduce noise emission, especially low-frequency emissions, minimize current complaints from nearby residences, and achieve good acoustic performance inside the bar in terms of reverberation time (RT) and noise criteria (NC). The design aimed to find a practical and visible solution using proper wall damping systems, considering the availability of materials in the Egyptian market. Challenges faced during the project included reducing noise escape from the night club at a low cost, optimizing speaker locations for even sound distribution and less structural vibration, and addressing sound escape through ducts. The design guidelines included reviewing the HVAC system, ensuring no penetration from the ceiling to the bar, and meeting sound transmission class (STC) requirements for walls. The relationship between STC and sound reduction index (R'w) was also discussed. The study highlights the importance of considering flanking sound transmission in addition to direct sound transmission through partition assemblies to achieve effective noise reduction in buildings.
Book Synopsis The SAGE Encyclopedia of Human Communication Sciences and Disorders by : Jack S. Damico
Download or read book The SAGE Encyclopedia of Human Communication Sciences and Disorders written by Jack S. Damico and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2019-03-01 with total page 4018 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The SAGE Encyclopedia of Human Communication Sciences and Disorders is an in-depth encyclopedia aimed at students interested in interdisciplinary perspectives on human communication—both normal and disordered—across the lifespan. This timely and unique set will look at the spectrum of communication disorders, from causation and prevention to testing and assessment; through rehabilitation, intervention, and education. Examples of the interdisciplinary reach of this encyclopedia: A strong focus on health issues, with topics such as Asperger′s syndrome, fetal alcohol syndrome, anatomy of the human larynx, dementia, etc. Including core psychology and cognitive sciences topics, such as social development, stigma, language acquisition, self-help groups, memory, depression, memory, Behaviorism, and cognitive development Education is covered in topics such as cooperative learning, special education, classroom-based service delivery The editors have recruited top researchers and clinicians across multiple fields to contribute to approximately 640 signed entries across four volumes.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Singing by : Graham F. Welch
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Singing written by Graham F. Welch and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-04-04 with total page 1200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Singing has been a characteristic behaviour of humanity across several millennia. Chorus America (2009) estimated that 42.6 million adults and children regularly sing in one of 270,000 choruses in the US, representing more than 1:5 households. Similarly, recent European-based data suggest that more than 37 million adults take part in group singing. The Oxford Handbook of Singing is a landmark text on this topic. It is a comprehensive resource for anyone who wishes to know more about the pluralistic nature of singing. In part, the narrative adopts a lifespan approach, pre-cradle to senescence, to illustrate that singing is a commonplace behaviour which is an essential characteristic of our humanity. In the overall design of the Handbook, the chapter contents have been clustered into eight main sections, embracing fifty-three chapters by seventy-two authors, drawn from across the world, with each chapter illustrating and illuminating a particular aspect of singing. Offering a multi-disciplinary perspective embracing the arts and humanities, physical, social and clinical sciences, the book will be valuable for a broad audience within those fields.
Book Synopsis Ethology and Behavioral Ecology of Mysticetes by : Christopher W. Clark
Download or read book Ethology and Behavioral Ecology of Mysticetes written by Christopher W. Clark and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-02 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, an international team of leading marine mammal scientists, with a remarkably diverse set of backgrounds and areas of expertise, lead you through a synthesis of current knowledge on baleen whales. Baleen whales are the largest animals ever to have lived on this planet. They also have the lowest and most intense voices on Earth, most likely evolved to take advantage of ocean acoustic transmission conditions so as to be detectable across ocean basins. Some baleen whales can live to be 150-200 years old. They migrate many thousands of kilometers between feeding and breeding areas. They produce songs and calls that serve as behavioral foundations for establishing, maintaining and expanding their cultural identities. To conclude that we know the behavioral limits of these large brained, long-lived animals would be naïve. As baleen whale scientists, we are still beginning to comprehend the enormous complexities and natural histories of these remarkable animals. Today, the fact that whales sing is known throughout much of the world. This awareness started 50 years ago with the publication and popularization of a collection of humpback song recordings that motivated research into baleen whale behavioral ethology. In this book’s chapters, a reader’s experiences will stretch from learning about baleen whale laryngeal anatomy associated with their different voices to learning about the vast ocean areas over which their voices can be heard and the emerging complexities of their culturally defined societies. These are accompanied by chapters on the fundamental ethological contexts of socializing, migrating, and foraging. Two common themes permeate the book. One theme highlights the phenomenal increase in scientific knowledge achieved through technological advancements. The other theme recognizes the impacts of human-made activities on ocean acoustic environments and the resultant influences on the health and survival of individual whales and their populations. Although the book is intentionally ambitious in its scope, as scientists, we fully recognize that baleen whale science is still in its infancy. Many profound revelations await discovery by cohorts of young, multi-talented explorers, some of whom are stretching their wings in this volume and some of whom are reading these scientific stories for the first time.
Download or read book F.C.I. Siza written by Luis Muñoz and published by Univ Santiago de Compostela. This book was released on 2002 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Building Acoustics by : Marc Asselineau
Download or read book Building Acoustics written by Marc Asselineau and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-03-18 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Avoid Costly Mistakes for Specialists and Non-Specialists AlikeBad acoustics in buildings is a nuisance that is not dealt with easily. The problem applies just as much to open-plan offices and restaurants and to production facilities and transportation stations as it does to performance halls, not to mention homes. It does not merely affect oral co
