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The Processing Before Export Of Cocoa
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Book Synopsis The International Cocoa Trade by : Robin Dand
Download or read book The International Cocoa Trade written by Robin Dand and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-12-07 with total page 663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'An overview of the history of cocoa, the factors affecting its production and consumption as well as how the trade is conducted, various risks mitigated, and by whom. ...The International Cocoa Trade is a work designed to inform all on the subject of cocoa and an essential guide for those involved in its trade.'Dr J. Vingerhoets, Executive Director, ICCOCocoa is a valuable commodity, and the cocoa trade involves many different parties from growers and exporters through dealers and factories to those trading futures and options and the banks they deal with. The International Cocoa Trade provides an authoritative and comprehensive review of the cocoa trade at the beginning of the twenty-first century, and the main factors that drive and affect that business.The opening chapter of the third edition examines the history and origins of the international cocoa trade, and its recent developments. The agronomics of cocoa production are discussed in chapter two whilst chapter three deals with the environmental and practical factors affecting cocoa production. Chapters four, five and six cover issues around the export and trading of physical cocoa, including the actuals market, the physical contracts used and the futures and options markets. In chapter seven, the international consumption and stocks of cocoa are reviewed with chapter eight discussing the issue of quality assessment of cocoa beans for international trade. Finally, chapter nine focuses on the end product, examining the processing of cocoa beans and the manufacture of chocolate. Updated appendices provide copies of some of the most important documents used in the cocoa trade, including contracts, sale rules and world production statistics.This comprehensively updated third edition of The International Cocoa Trade ensures its continued status as the standard reference for all those involved in the production consumption and international trading of cocoa. - Provides an authoritative and comprehensive review of the cocoa trade at the beginning of the twenty-first century, and the main factors that drive and affect that business - Examines the history and origins of the international cocoa trade, and its recent developments featuring a discussion of environmental and practical factors affecting cocoa production - Explores issues concerning the export and trading of physical cocoa, including the actuals market, the physical contracts used and the futures and options markets
Book Synopsis The Processing Before Export of Primary Commodities by : United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. Secretariat
Download or read book The Processing Before Export of Primary Commodities written by United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. Secretariat and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cocoa Production and Processing Technology by : Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa
Download or read book Cocoa Production and Processing Technology written by Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-02-21 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the largest food commodities exported from the developing countries to the rest of the world, cocoa has gained increasing attention on the global market—raising many questions about its quality, sustainability and traceability. Cocoa Production and Processing Technology presents detailed explanations of the technologies that could be employed to assure sustainable production of high-quality and safe cocoa beans for the global confectionary industry. It provides overviews of up-to-date technologies and approaches to modern cocoa production practices, global production and consumption trends as well as principles of cocoa processing and chocolate manufacture. The book covers the origin, history and taxonomy of cocoa, and examines the fairtrade and organic cocoa industries and their influence on smallholder farmers. The chapters provide in-depth coverage of cocoa cultivation, harvesting and post-harvest treatments with a focus on cocoa bean composition, genotypic variations and their influence on quality, post-harvest pre-treatments, fermentation techniques, drying, storage and transportation. The author provides details on cocoa fermentation processes as well as the biochemical and microbiological changes involved and how they influence flavour. He also addresses cocoa trading systems, bean selection and quality criteria, as well as industrial processing of fermented and dried cocoa beans into liquor, cake, butter and powder. The book examines the general principles of chocolate manufacture, detailing the various stages of the processes involved, the factors that influence the quality characteristics and strategies to avoid post-processing quality defects. This volume presents innovative techniques for sustainability and traceability in high-quality cocoa production and explores new product development with potential for cost reduction as well as improved cocoa bean and chocolate product quality.
Book Synopsis International Commodity Policy by : Roland Herrmann
Download or read book International Commodity Policy written by Roland Herrmann and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-04-01 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1993, this book provides an excellent analysis of commodity policies internationally during the late 20th Century. It discusses 2 major methods of market regulation: price stabilization – based on buffer stocks or export quotas – and compensatory finance. The authors analyse whether major commodity policies have reached their primary objectives and to what extent they have had economic side effects. Discussion of more general policy issues centres around three international commodity agreements for coffee, rubber and cocoa. The authors also look at the policies adopted by individual nations to regulate commodity trading and assess to what extent they have reached their objectives. A discussion of the intervention of the International Monetary Fund and STABEX assesses the degree of stability they can provide in a highly volatile and variable environment. Nearly 30 years later, volatile world commodity markets are still a major issue in the policy dialogue. Although topics, policy instruments and concepts have changed, this book remains a fundamental contribution to the study of international commodity policy. It will be of great interest to students of commodity policy and economic development and economists in national and international organizations dealing with market stabilization.
Book Synopsis Commodity Supply Management by Producing Countries by : Alfred Maizels
Download or read book Commodity Supply Management by Producing Countries written by Alfred Maizels and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The collapse in commodity prices since 1980 has been a major cause of the economic crisis in a large part of the Third World. This book demonstrates, using new econometric models, that the producing countries could have prevented this price collapse by appropriate supply management.
Book Synopsis Commodity Policies by : Alasdair I. MacBean
Download or read book Commodity Policies written by Alasdair I. MacBean and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-02-01 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1987, this book discusses the key issues concerned with primary commodity trade worldwide. Primary commodities are crucially important for many developing countries because very often exports in just one or two primary commodities form the sole source of income for a developing country. Developing countries need above all stability in primary commodities trade to guarantee their future development. This book examines patterns of trade, changing demand and the effects of fluctuations in spot and futures markets. It analyses theories put forward to explain the problems and it reviews the research of the many international organisations which are concerned with the problems. It examines the international agreements and bodies which have been set up to stabilise trade and assesses the performance of these agreements and organisations.
Book Synopsis The Economics of Chocolate by : Mara P. Squicciarini
Download or read book The Economics of Chocolate written by Mara P. Squicciarini and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-01-21 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, written by global experts, provides a comprehensive and topical analysis on the economics of chocolate. While the main approach is economic analysis, there are important contributions from other disciplines, including psychology, history, government, nutrition, and geography. The chapters are organized around several themes, including the history of cocoa and chocolate — from cocoa drinks in the Maya empire to the growing sales of Belgian chocolates in China; how governments have used cocoa and chocolate as a source of tax revenue and have regulated chocolate (and defined it by law) to protect consumers' health from fraud and industries from competition; how the poor cocoa producers in developing countries are linked through trade and multinational companies with rich consumers in industrialized countries; and how the rise of consumption in emerging markets (China, India, and Africa) is causing a major boom in global demand and prices, and a potential shortage of the world's chocolate.
Book Synopsis The Politics of African Industrial Policy by : Lindsay Whitfield
Download or read book The Politics of African Industrial Policy written by Lindsay Whitfield and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-07-02 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book engages in the debate on growth versus economic transformation and the importance of industrial policy, presenting a comprehensive framework for explaining the politics of industrial policy. Using comparative research to theorize about the politics of industrial policy in countries in the early stages of capitalist transformation that also experience the pressures of elections due to democratization, this book provides four in-depth African country studies that illustrate the challenges to economic transformation and the politics of implementing industrial policies.
Book Synopsis Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Africa by : Kym Anderson
Download or read book Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Africa written by Kym Anderson and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009-03-13 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vast majority of the world s poorest households depend on farming for their livelihoods. During the 1960s and 1970s, most developing countries imposed pro-urban and anti-agricultural policies, while many high-income countries restricted agricultural imports and subsidized their farmers. Both sets of policies inhibited economic growth and poverty alleviation in developing countries. Although progress has been made over the past two decades to reduce those policy biases, many trade- and welfare-reducing price distortions remain between agriculture and other sectors and within the agricultural sector of both rich and poor countries. Comprehensive empirical studies of the disarray in world agricultural markets appeared approximately 20 years ago. Since then, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development has provided estimates each year of market distortions in high-income countries, but there have been no comparable estimates for the world s developing countries. This volume is the third in a series (other volumes cover Asia, Europe s transition economies, and Latin America and the Caribbean) that not only fills that void for recent years but extends the estimates in a consistent and comparable way back in time and provides analytical narratives for scores of countries that shed light on the evolving nature and extent of policy interventions over the past half-century. 'Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Africa' provides an overview of the evolution of distortions to agricultural incentives caused by price and trade policies in the Arab Republic of Egypt plus 20 countries that account for about of 90 percent of Sub-Saharan Africa s population, farm households, agricultural output, and overall GDP. Sectoral, trade, and exchange rate policies in the region have changed greatly since the 1950s, and there have been substantial reforms since the 1980s. Nonetheless, numerous price distortions in this region remain, others have been added in recent years, and there has also been some backsliding, such as in Zimbabwe. The new empirical indicators in these country studies provide a strong evidence-based foundation for assessing the successes and failures of the past and for evaluating policy options for the years ahead.
Book Synopsis Summaries of Tariff Information by : United States Tariff Commission
Download or read book Summaries of Tariff Information written by United States Tariff Commission and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 1106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Geography of Tropical African Development by : A. M. O'Connor
Download or read book The Geography of Tropical African Development written by A. M. O'Connor and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This best selling textbook focuses on the changes in geographical patterns that have taken place in recent years i.e. on the geographical pattern of recent and current economic change. The area covered includes the countries lying between the limits of the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. In this second edition substantial changes have been made in every chapter in order to keep up to date in respect of both the geographical pattern of development and prevailing attitudes towards it. The discussion is still largely confined to the twenty year period between 1956 and 1976, and to the economic component of development
Book Synopsis Sub-Saharan Africa: Factors Affecting Trade Patterns of Selected Industries, First Annual Report, Inv. 332-477 by :
Download or read book Sub-Saharan Africa: Factors Affecting Trade Patterns of Selected Industries, First Annual Report, Inv. 332-477 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee. Subcommittee on International Economics Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :140 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (327 download)
Book Synopsis Exports, Time for a National Policy by : United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee. Subcommittee on International Economics
Download or read book Exports, Time for a National Policy written by United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee. Subcommittee on International Economics and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Business Handbook on Due Diligence in the Cocoa Sector Addressing Child Labour and Forced Labour by : OECD
Download or read book Business Handbook on Due Diligence in the Cocoa Sector Addressing Child Labour and Forced Labour written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2023-04-29 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook aims to help companies identify, prevent and address child labour and forced labour risks, in the cocoa sector. The handbook builds on the leading international, government-backed standards on supply chain due diligence and responsible business conduct: the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and the associated OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Business Conduct, and the OECD-FAO Guidance for Responsible Agricultural Supply Chains.
Book Synopsis Foreign Agricultural Economic Report by : United States Department of Agriculture. Economic Research Service
Download or read book Foreign Agricultural Economic Report written by United States Department of Agriculture. Economic Research Service and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Foreign Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Edible Medicines written by Nina L. Etkin and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2008-02-01 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In this wide-ranging book, Nina Etkin reveals the medicinal properties of foods in the specific cultural contexts in which they are used. Incorporating co-evolution with a biocultural perspective, she addresses some of the physiological effects of foods across cultures and through history while taking into account both the complex dynamics of food choice and the blurred distinctions between food and medicine. Showing that food choice is more closely linked to health than is commonly thought, she helps us to understand the health implications of people's food-centered actions in the context of real-life circumstances."--Jacket.
